This document contains definitions for 25 key biology terms related to taxonomy, cells, DNA, reproduction, and other core concepts. It identifies Carolus Linnaeus as the father of taxonomy, homeostasis as the process by which organisms maintain internal stability, and ATP as the energy currency of the body. Additional terms defined include genetic bottleneck, circulatory system, and pituitary gland.

1. E a r t h a n d
L i f e S c i e n c e
Quarter 2
Review

2. 1. He is the father of
taxonomy.

3. 2. It is the self-regulating process by
which an organism can maintain internal
stability while adjusting to changing
external conditions.

4. 3. This organ system acts as a
physical barrier — protecting
your body from bacteria,
infection, injury and sunlight..

5. 4. This theory states that all
biological organisms are
composed of cells; cells are the
unit of life and all life come from
preexisting life.

6. 5. Energy currency of the
body.

7. 6. This organism has been found living
in extreme environments, for example
at high pressures, salt concentrations
or temperatures. .

8. 7. A simulation of conditions on the
early Earth testing the idea that life,
or more specifically organic
molecules, could have formed by
nothing more than simple chemical
reactions..

9. 8. It is the movement or change in
orientation of a plant's growth as a
reaction to touch.

10. 9. It is the difference in DNA
sequences between individuals within
a population.

11. 10. It is the sexual reproductipn
characterized by the release of both
sperm and eggs into an external
environment.

12. 11. It is a close relationship between
species, where one organism, the
parasite, lives on or inside another
organism, the host, causing it some
harm,.

13. 12. He is best known for his theory
that population growth will always
tend to outrun the food supply .

14. 13. Giving birth to living young from
within the body rather than laying
eggs.

15. 14. The first mammal to have been
successfully cloned from an adult cell.

16. 15. An organisms composed of more
than one cell, with groups of cells
differentiating to take on specialized
functions.

17. 16. CGG-ACT-CTA-CAG-GAT.

18. 17. It is the information molecule
found inside a cell nucleus.

19. 18. It is technology joining together
the DNA molecules from two different
species..

20. 19. This system is a complex process of
turning the food you eat into nutrients,
which the body uses for energy,
growth and cell repair needed to
survive..

21. 20. It works to transport oxygen and
other nutrients to all the organs and
tissues in your body. It also works to
remove carbon dioxide and other
waste products.

22. 21. It is a sharp reduction in the size of
a population due to environmental
events such as famines, earthquakes,
floods, fires, disease, and droughts.

23. 22.

24. 23. It involves adding a gene from one
species to an organism from a different
species to produce a desired trait. .

25. 24. Asexual reproduction by a
separation of the body into two new
bodies. In this process, an organism
duplicates its genetic material, and
then divides into two parts .

26. 25. Master gland of endocrine
system.

30. 1. He is the father of
taxonomy.

31. Carolus Linnaeus

32. 2. It is the self-regulating process by
which an organism can maintain internal
stability while adjusting to changing
external conditions.

33. Homeostasis

34. 3. This organ system acts as a
physical barrier — protecting
your body from bacteria,
infection, injury and sunlight..

35. Integumentary System

36. 4. This theory states that all
biological organisms are
composed of cells; cells are the
unit of life and all life come from
preexisting life.

37. cell theory

38. 5. Energy currency of the
body.

39. ATP

40. 6. This organism has been found living
in extreme environments, for example
at high pressures, salt concentrations
or temperatures. .

41. Archaebacteria

42. 7. A simulation of conditions on the
early Earth testing the idea that life,
or more specifically organic
molecules, could have formed by
nothing more than simple chemical
reactions..

43. Miller-Urey Experiment

44. 8. It is the movement or change in
orientation of a plant's growth as a
reaction to touch.

45. Thigmotropism

46. 9. It is the difference in DNA
sequences between individuals within
a population.

47. genetic variation

48. 10. It is the sexual reproductipn
characterized by the release of both
sperm and eggs into an external
environment.

49. external fertilization

50. 11. It is a close relationship between
species, where one organism, the
parasite, lives on or inside another
organism, the host, causing it some
harm,.

51. parasitism

52. 12. He is best known for his theory
that population growth will always
tend to outrun the food supply .

53. Thomas Malthus

54. 13. Giving birth to living young from
within the body rather than laying
eggs.

55. viviparous

56. 14. The first mammal to have been
successfully cloned from an adult cell.

57. dolly the sheep

58. 15. An organisms composed of more
than one cell, with groups of cells
differentiating to take on specialized
functions.

59. Multicellular

60. 16. CGG-ACT-CTA-CAG-GAT.

61. GCC-TGA-GAT-GTC-CTA

62. 17. It is the information molecule
found inside a cell nucleus.

63. DNA

64. 18. It is technology joining together
the DNA molecules from two different
species..

65. Recombinant DNA

66. 19. This system is a complex process of
turning the food you eat into nutrients,
which the body uses for energy,
growth and cell repair needed to
survive..

67. digestive system

68. 20. It works to transport oxygen and
other nutrients to all the organs and
tissues in your body. It also works to
remove carbon dioxide and other
waste products.

69. circulatory system

70. 21. It is a sharp reduction in the size of
a population due to environmental
events such as famines, earthquakes,
floods, fires, disease, and droughts.

71. genetic bottleneck

72. 22.

73. social system

74. 23. It involves adding a gene from one
species to an organism from a different
species to produce a desired trait. .

75. genetic engineering

76. 24. Asexual reproduction by a
separation of the body into two new
bodies. In this process, an organism
duplicates its genetic material, and
then divides into two parts .

77. binary fission

78. 25. Master gland of endocrine
system.

79. pituitary gland