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Self Learning Module
Quarter 2 – Module 5 – Components of an Ecosystem: Biotic & Abiotic
Second Edition, 2020
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represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Schools Division Superintendent: Gladys Amylaine D. Sales CESO VI
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Michell L. Acoyong CESO VI
Printed in the Philippines by
Department of Education – Region VI – Division of Bacolod City
Office Address: Rosario-San Juan Sts., Bacolod City 6100
Telefax: (034) 704-2585
E-mail Address: bacolod.city@deped.gov.ph
Development Team of the Self Learning Module
Writer: Maria Victoria V. Ponce, Kristine Joy M. Fernandez
Editors: Annabel Villaruel, Joey Ian C. Singson, Aline D. Vieja
Reviewer: Edna Rose P. Gueco
Illustrator: Maria Victoria V. Ponce
Layout Artist: Maria Victoria V. Ponce
Management Team: Janalyn B. Navarro
Edna Rose P. Gueco
Ellen G. Dela Cruz
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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is a stand-alone resource material in Science
which is intended for the learners of the Division of Bacolod City. Learners who do not
have online accessibility or who do not want to risk face-to-face learning may utilize
this module. This includes a learner-friendly pretest, self-check exercises, and other
modes of instructions for learners and teachers who are geographically remote from
each other. This covers topics in Grade 7 in the 2nd
Quarter with corresponding
activities for learners to achieve the most essential learning competencies and lesson
objectives.
Each exercise in this module is designed for independent learning and practice.
However, ensure that the learners’ parents, elder siblings, guardians or relatives at
home will guide and support them as they accomplish the given tasks. Furthermore,
explain to students that taking the tests diligently will allow them to learn their lessons
for their academic progress. Most importantly, remind them to answer the given
activities on a separate answer sheet and handle this module with utmost care.
For the learner:
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is a learner-friendly resource material in
Science which is specifically designed for your learning needs and progress. Your
patience and dedication in reading and answering the exercises will help you
successfully achieve the objectives. You are free to ask assistance from your teachers,
parents, siblings, friends, and family members whom you think can help you best.
Read each lesson carefully and follow the instructions for your activities.
Remember to answer the given exercises in a separate sheet of paper.
When you are done, kindly submit it to your teacher who will check and evaluate your
level of competency.
You can do it! Good luck and God bless.
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This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
Differentiate biotic from abiotic components of an ecosystem (S7LT-IIh-9). The
scope of this module allows you to use it in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you
read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
This SLM is composed of one lesson:
• Lesson 1 – Components of an Ecosystem: Biotic & Abiotic
After going through this module, you are expected to
1. identify the components of an Ecosystem, and
2. differentiate biotic from abiotic components of an ecosystem.
Figure 1: A marshland
Take a look at the picture. What kind of an environment do you see? What living things
do you see? What do you think are those living things doing in the area? How many different
kinds of plants are there in the area?
Lesson
1
Components of an
Ecosystem: Biotic & Abiotic
Lesson Overview
I Need to Know
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The environment is a collection of living and nonliving things. Mosses growing
on rocks, garden snails gliding on garden fences, and fish swimming in water are
just a few examples of how living and nonliving things interact. The living
components of the environment are also called organisms. The nonliving
components make up the physical environment of these organisms.
Organisms that belong to the same species and live in the same place form a
population. The moss that grows on rocks makes up a population. Populations that
live in the same place and interact with each other form a community. The different
plants, the fishes, the birds, the people, and the other forms of life in the area that
interact with one another makes up a community. An ecosystem is a community of
plants, animals, and microorganisms that interact with their physical environment
and depend on each other for survival.
The biotic component of an ecosystem are the living organisms which
depends on the chemical and physical factors to sustain life. It is made up of two
groups of organisms: those are self-sustaining that can produce their own food are
called producers or autotrophs such as plants, and those that cannot make their
own food and obtain their energy by feeding on other organisms are called
consumers or heterotrophs such as animals. Heterotrophs are grouped into four
subcategories depending on their food sources.
Table 1: Types of Consumers or Heterotrophs
TYPES DESCRIPTION
a. Herbivores - The Plant Eaters. They are considered the primary
consumers since they feed
directly on producers.
b. Carnivores - The Flesh-Eaters.
They are the secondary
consumers that feed on the
primary consumers.
c. Omnivores The consumers that can eat both
plants and animals.
d. Decomposers
The final consumers. They feed
on the remains of plants and
animals such as fungi and
bacteria.
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Scavengers are consumers that wait for their prey to die before they feed on
them. The vulture is an example. Once the scavengers are done, the decomposers
take over and break down the remains of the dead plants and animals, as well as
body wastes, into simpler substances, which can be used by other organisms in the
ecosystem.
When talking of the biotic components of the environment, each living organisms
has its own role to play. The role of an organism plays in an ecosystem together with
all the resources it needs in order to survive is called ecological niche.
The abiotic components of an ecosystem are the nonliving chemical and
physical factors that help sustain life in the ecosystem. Examples include the rain,
which supplies water or moisture; the dead organic matter in the soil that provides
the nutrients; the sun that gives energy to start photosynthesis and vitamin D
production in our bodies; the air that contains oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and
other gases; and the wind that transports other biotic and abiotic components. Biotic
and Abiotic components are related to each other, meaning if one factor is altered or
removed it will affect the whole ecosystem.
Activity 1: Components of an Ecosystem
Materials: activity sheet, pen
Procedure:
Study the given picture of an ecosystem below, identify all the factors that make
up the ecosystem and classify these factors as biotic and abiotic. Put your answers in
the T-chart graphic organizer.
I Will Do This
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BIOTIC ABIOTIC
Analysis Questions:
1. What are the components of an ecosystem?
______________________________________________________________________
2. What is the difference between the biotic and abiotic factors of an ecosystem?
Explain.
__________________________________________________________________
3. Can abiotic and biotic factors affect one another? Explain.
Complete the following table. Label the following factors as biotic or abiotic,
write your answer on the second column then identify how these factors affects the
other organisms if they are removed from the ecosystem.
Factors Biotic or
Abiotic
Effect to the other Organism
1.
I Practice This
Insects
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Illustrate/draw a pond ecosystem showing the biotic and abiotic factors. You
will include 5 BIOTIC FACTORS and 3 ABIOTIC FACTORS in your drawing.
COLOR YOUR WORK.
My “OWN” Ecosystem
I Apply This
Sun
Plant
Water
Temperature
Air
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References
Books:
Eduard C. et al. (2018) Practical Science 7. Makati City
Madriaga. E et al. (2015) Science Links 7
Ferriols-Pavico J. et al. (2013) Exploring Life Through Science 7
Burgonia M. et al. (2003) Science and Technology 1
Science Learner’s Module 7
Electronics:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_lake_ecosystem_-_Flickr_-
_askmeaks.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mangrove_des_iles_moucha.JPG
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Insect_collage.png
https://www.needpix.com/photo/596583/wind-blowing-cloud-air-cartoon
https://pxhere.com/en/photo/488954
https://pixabay.com/photos/rain-drop-liquid-texture-5097261/
https://pixabay.com/photos/monkey-animal-animals-nature-4358503/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife_of_India
https://www.flickr.com/photos/beegee49/45870000974
https://www.pikrepo.com/nikvk/brown-horse-on-green-grass-field-during-daytime
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cow_female_black_white.jpg
https://libreshot.com/portrait-of-a-brown-goat/
https://www.pxfuel.com/en/search?q=mixed-Breed+Dog
https://pixabay.com/photos/lion-brothers-mane-male-carnivores-5400500/
https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/en/view-
image.php?image=249128&picture=crocodile
https://www.wallpaperflare.com/woman-sitting-in-front-of-pig-ani mal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivore
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria
TAGLAS Act. 10 Biotic and Abiotic Factors.docx
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Module 5
LESSON 1 COMPONENTS OF ECOSYSTEM: BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC
.
I Will Do This Activity 1: Components of an Ecosystem
Biotic Abiotic
Trees
Grass
Water Lily
Sea grass
Algae
Bushes
Fungi
Insects
Frogs
Fishes
Plankton
Protozoans
Bacteria
Bird
Kangaroo
Shrimp
Snail
Snake
Ground
Termite mound
Rocks
Soil
Rotten log
Sunlight
Water
Air
Analysis Questions:
1. What are the components of an ecosystem?
The ecosystem has two components: biotic and abiotic
2. What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors of an ecosystem?
The biotic component of an ecosystem are the living organisms which depends on
the chemical and physical factors to sustain life while the abiotic components of an
ecosystem are the nonliving chemical and physical factors that help sustain life in
the ecosystem.
3. Can abiotic and biotic factors affect one another? Explain.
Yes, since abiotic and biotic factors are related to each other in an ecosystem
therefore if one factor is changed or removed it can affect the entire ecosystem.
Answer Key
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Answers may vary
I Learned This
Description Example
A. Abiotic Component The abiotic components of an ecosystem are the
nonliving chemical and physical factors that help
sustain life in the ecosystem.
Rain, temperature, soil
B. Biotic Component The biotic component of an ecosystem are the
living organisms which depends on the chemical
and physical factors to sustain life.
plants, animals
Factors Biotic or
Abiotic
Effect to the other Organism
If removed from the ecosystem
1.
BIOTIC There will be no pollinators and food for
other animals as well.
2.
ABIOTIC
Plants could not survive because without
sunlight it cannot make their own food;
herbivores could not survive also since
they depend on plants to live.
3.
BIOTIC
Without plants, animals would have no
oxygen to breath and would die.
Herbivores would have no food to eat.
4.
ABIOTIC Animals and humans could not survive
without oxygen in air.
5.
ABIOTIC Life would not exist
6.
ABIOTIC
Distribution of living things becomes
limited because it cannot live on extreme
temperatures.
I Practice This
Insects
Sun
Plant
Water
Temperature
I Apply This
Air
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Written Assessment No. 5 Worksheet
Name: _______________________________ Grade & Section: ___________
Part 1-A Read each item carefully. Select the letter of the best answer.
1. The following are abiotic components of the ecosystem, EXCEPT
a. oxygen
b. decomposers
c. soil
d. temperature
2. The following are biotic components of an ecosystem, except?
a. birds
b. microorganisms
c. sunlight
d. worms
3. Humans, animals, plants and microorganisms depends on abiotic
components to survive.
a. True
b. False
c. Only humans and animals depend on abiotic components
d. Only plants and microorganisms depend on abiotic components
4. Supposing one factor is removed in the ecosystem, will the entire ecosystem
be affected?
a. Yes
b. No
c. Only the abiotic factors will be affected
d. Only the biotic factors will be affected
5. The living part of an ecosystem is known as.
a. limiting factors
b. external factors
c. abiotic factors
d. biotic factors
Part 1-B Write the letter “T” if the statement is true and “F’” if the statement is
false, change the underlined word or phrase to make the statement correct.
6. Water, radiant energy, minerals, oxygen and carbon dioxide are biotic
components needed by plants to live.
7. Niche refers to the role an organism plays in its habitat
8. Sprouting mongo seeds represents an abiotic component of the environment?
Concept Check
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9. Sunlight is the ultimate source of energy for the living organisms to survive in
an ecosystem.
10.External factors are the non-living things in an environment.
Part1-C. The following list has biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem.
Place the words on the correct circle where it belongs.
LIST:
• Whale
• Water
•Snail
• Paper
• Bacteria
Reflection Question:
Biotic and abiotic factors are two components of an ecosystem. How are they
different from each other? With their differences, how do they affect the ecosystem?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
• Cotton Fabric
• Plastic
•Orchids
• Air
•Eagle
BIOTIC ABIOTIC
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Answer Key to Concept Check
FOR TEACHER’S USE ONLY. Do not attach this portion to the SLM for students.
Part 1-A
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. D
Part 1-B
6. F, abiotic components
7. T
8. F, biotic component
9. T
10. F, abiotic factors
Part1-C
REFLECTION:
Biotic factors are the living component of an ecosystem while the abiotic factors ar
ethe non-living component of an ecosystem.
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – SDO Bacolod City
Office Address): Rosario-San Juan Sts., Brgy. 14, 6100, Bacolod City
Telefax: (034) 704 – 2585
E-mail address: bacolod.city@deped.gov.ph
