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Socrates was an influential ancient Greek philosopher who lived in Athens in the 5th century BCE. He did not write anything himself, but is known through the works of his students Plato and Xenophon. Socrates believed that the unexamined life is not worth living, and used questioning and logical arguments to expose inconsistencies in people's beliefs. He was tried and convicted for corrupting the youth of Athens and impiety, and sentenced to death by drinking hemlock poison. His trial and execution had a profound impact and established him as one of the founders of Western philosophy.
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The Ancient (Socratic) Philosophy
This document provides an overview of ancient philosophy, focusing on Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It discusses their lives, key works, and philosophical approaches. Socrates employed the Socratic method of questioning to investigate concepts like virtue and justice. Plato documented Socrates' teachings and developed his theory of forms, distinguishing between imperfect sensory knowledge and perfect forms. Aristotle built on Plato's teachings and was the first to classify fields of study and develop formal logic. He advocated for a liberal arts education at his Lyceum institute.
PLATO;The great philosopher & his contribution
Plato was an ancient Greek philosopher born in 428 BC in Athens who studied under Socrates and founded the Academy in Athens, one of the earliest known organized schools. He was influenced by earlier philosophers like Socrates, Parmenides, and Pythagoras. Plato authored dialogues featuring Socrates discussing various philosophical ideas and established the foundations of Western philosophy focusing on ethics, politics, and epistemology.
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This Powerpoint Presentation is about the Plato: Books, Life, and Philosophy solely for Educational Purposes.
Socrates
The Greek Triumvirate of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle is considered the golden era of Greek philosophy. During this period, philosophy reached its highest level of perfection which coincided with Greece's political dominance. These philosophers shifted focus from material substances to inquiries about human virtues, justice, happiness, and the state. Known as the Socratic method, Socrates engaged in questioning others to expose ignorance and inconsistencies in their beliefs, establishing the foundation of philosophical reasoning that influenced both Plato and Aristotle.
Socrates
Socrates was an influential ancient Greek philosopher born in Athens in 470 BC. He spent his time questioning prominent citizens and politicians in the marketplace using his "Socratic method" to expose inconsistencies or ignorance in their beliefs. Though he wrote nothing himself, he taught Plato and was known for saying "the unexamined life is not worth living." He was tried for corrupting the youth and impiety, found guilty, and sentenced to death by drinking poison hemlock.
Plato
The document provides background information on Plato and his philosophical ideas:
- Plato was a student of Socrates and founded the Academy in Athens, where he taught Aristotle. He is known for his dialogues which discuss concepts like truth, goodness, and beauty.
- In his dialogues, Plato used myths and allegories to convey his philosophical views, such as the Allegory of the Cave and the theory of Forms.
- Plato's theory of Forms proposes that perfect, eternal ideas or forms of things exist independently of the material world, which is just an imperfect reflection of these forms.
Plato
Plato was a famous Greek philosopher born in 428 BC in Athens. He was a student of Socrates and founded his own school called the Academy. After traveling for 12 years, Plato returned to Athens and taught subjects like astronomy, biology, mathematics, political theory, and philosophy. He is renowned for his dialogues like The Republic, which discuss justice, courage, and an ideal government. Plato believed that ideas were more real than the physical world and that philosophy could solve political problems. He died in 347 BC, but his works had a profound influence on Western thought.
Socrates
Socrates (470-399 BC) was an influential ancient Greek philosopher known as the father of western philosophy. He did not write anything himself, and what we know about him comes from writings by his students Plato and Xenophon. Socrates taught his students through questioning and examination of moral values and ethics rather than wealth, fame, and power as the Sophists claimed. He was eventually sentenced to death by drinking poison hemlock for allegedly corrupting the youth of Athens and impiety, but his teachings and approach to philosophy had a profound legacy.
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The Ancient (Socratic) Philosophy
This document provides an overview of ancient philosophy, focusing on Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It discusses their lives, key works, and philosophical approaches. Socrates employed the Socratic method of questioning to investigate concepts like virtue and justice. Plato documented Socrates' teachings and developed his theory of forms, distinguishing between imperfect sensory knowledge and perfect forms. Aristotle built on Plato's teachings and was the first to classify fields of study and develop formal logic. He advocated for a liberal arts education at his Lyceum institute.
PLATO;The great philosopher & his contribution
Plato was an ancient Greek philosopher born in 428 BC in Athens who studied under Socrates and founded the Academy in Athens, one of the earliest known organized schools. He was influenced by earlier philosophers like Socrates, Parmenides, and Pythagoras. Plato authored dialogues featuring Socrates discussing various philosophical ideas and established the foundations of Western philosophy focusing on ethics, politics, and epistemology.
Plato: Books, Life, and Philosophy
This Powerpoint Presentation is about the Plato: Books, Life, and Philosophy solely for Educational Purposes.
Socrates
The Greek Triumvirate of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle is considered the golden era of Greek philosophy. During this period, philosophy reached its highest level of perfection which coincided with Greece's political dominance. These philosophers shifted focus from material substances to inquiries about human virtues, justice, happiness, and the state. Known as the Socratic method, Socrates engaged in questioning others to expose ignorance and inconsistencies in their beliefs, establishing the foundation of philosophical reasoning that influenced both Plato and Aristotle.
Socrates
Socrates was an influential ancient Greek philosopher born in Athens in 470 BC. He spent his time questioning prominent citizens and politicians in the marketplace using his "Socratic method" to expose inconsistencies or ignorance in their beliefs. Though he wrote nothing himself, he taught Plato and was known for saying "the unexamined life is not worth living." He was tried for corrupting the youth and impiety, found guilty, and sentenced to death by drinking poison hemlock.
Plato
The document provides background information on Plato and his philosophical ideas:
- Plato was a student of Socrates and founded the Academy in Athens, where he taught Aristotle. He is known for his dialogues which discuss concepts like truth, goodness, and beauty.
- In his dialogues, Plato used myths and allegories to convey his philosophical views, such as the Allegory of the Cave and the theory of Forms.
- Plato's theory of Forms proposes that perfect, eternal ideas or forms of things exist independently of the material world, which is just an imperfect reflection of these forms.
Plato
Plato was a famous Greek philosopher born in 428 BC in Athens. He was a student of Socrates and founded his own school called the Academy. After traveling for 12 years, Plato returned to Athens and taught subjects like astronomy, biology, mathematics, political theory, and philosophy. He is renowned for his dialogues like The Republic, which discuss justice, courage, and an ideal government. Plato believed that ideas were more real than the physical world and that philosophy could solve political problems. He died in 347 BC, but his works had a profound influence on Western thought.
Socrates
Socrates (470-399 BC) was an influential ancient Greek philosopher known as the father of western philosophy. He did not write anything himself, and what we know about him comes from writings by his students Plato and Xenophon. Socrates taught his students through questioning and examination of moral values and ethics rather than wealth, fame, and power as the Sophists claimed. He was eventually sentenced to death by drinking poison hemlock for allegedly corrupting the youth of Athens and impiety, but his teachings and approach to philosophy had a profound legacy.
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Plato (c. 427-347 BCE) was a famous Greek philosopher and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He was born in Athens to an aristocratic family and was greatly influenced by his teacher Socrates. Plato authored many dialogues, most featuring Socrates, that explored topics like ethics, politics and metaphysics. Some of his most influential theories included the Theory of Forms which argued that the material world is just a shadow of the ideal world of forms, and that true knowledge comes from rational thought rather than the senses. Plato had a profound impact on Western philosophy and science through his dialogues and the founding of the Academy.
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The document discusses the Sophists, Socrates, and Plato's Allegory of the Cave. It describes how the Sophists taught practical subjects but were not true philosophers. It outlines Socrates' questioning method and his execution for "corrupting the youth." It then explains Plato's Allegory of the Cave, which depicts people chained in a cave seeing only shadows on the wall and coming to understand true reality outside the cave. The allegory represents Plato's view that everyday experiences are less real than abstract ideas.
Plato
Plato was a classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, and writer who founded the Academy in Athens, one of the earliest institutions of higher learning. He was originally a student of Socrates and helped lay the foundations of Western philosophy alongside Socrates and his own student, Aristotle. Plato authored philosophical dialogues that explored topics like politics, ethics, epistemology, and metaphysics. Some of his most influential works included The Republic, in which he outlined his vision of a just society, and other dialogues where he advocated concepts like the theory of forms and the immortality of the soul. Plato made major contributions to psychology through his thoughts on the tripartite nature of the soul and the distinction between knowledge and
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A discussion about Socrates. His life, philosophical methods and how he viewed others and his contribution to Philosophy.
Socrates life and death
INTRODUCTION:
TEACHING
TEACHING METHOD
SOCRATES BELIEFS
VIRTUES
PHILOSOPHER AND TEACHER
STUDENTS
QUOTES
SOCRATES AND SOPHISTS
SOCRATES AND GREEK
SOCRATES’ APPROACH TO PHILOSOPHY
Three Major Contributions Of Socrates To The Development Of Education
WHY SOCRATES?
POLITICAL VIEWS OF SOCRATES
The Demise of Socrates
FINAL WORDS
LEGACY
EFFECT IN HISTORY
SOCRATES TODAY
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Aristotle was a Greek philosopher who lived from 384-322 BC. He was a student of Plato and founded his own school called the Lyceum in Athens. Aristotle made significant contributions across many fields, including logic, physics, biology and ethics. He emphasized empirical observation and reasoning in his works. Aristotle rejected some of Plato's theories like the theory of forms. He is considered one of the most influential ancient philosophers and developed logical systems still used today.
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This document provides an overview of the life and philosophy of Socrates and his most famous student, Plato. It describes how Socrates used questioning to expose the ignorance of those who claimed to have knowledge. He was eventually sentenced to death, which traumatized Plato. Plato went on to establish the Academy and write dialogues featuring Socrates to defend his teachings and reputation. The document also gives a brief introduction to Plato's theory of Forms and his view that true knowledge comes from understanding abstract concepts rather than sensory experiences.
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Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher who lived in Athens in the 5th century BC. He questioned his fellow citizens about morality and virtue through dialogues. Unlike the Sophists who taught that there were no absolute truths, Socrates believed that morality and justice could be discovered through rational inquiry. He was eventually tried for corrupting the youth of Athens and impiety, and was sentenced to death by drinking poison hemlock.
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1) Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher who made many contributions across various fields like logic, metaphysics, biology and ethics.
2) He was a student of Plato and rejected some of Plato's theories like theory of forms.
3) Aristotle wrote over 200 treatises of which only 31 survive today. He classified areas of knowledge into disciplines and developed one of the first formal systems of reasoning.
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The sophists were intellectuals and teachers in ancient Greece who taught rhetoric, language, statesmanship, and virtues. They claimed to have knowledge and charged high rates to teach the sons of wealthy Athenians skills like debating, persuasion, and arguing to secure careers in law and politics. The sophists believed that truth was relative and depended on individual perspectives. Protagoras was one of the first sophists and said that man determines what is true. This caused tensions as it suggested there were no absolute truths and blurred the lines between right and wrong, weakening moral order.
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History of philosophy
The document provides an overview of early Greek philosophy from the pre-Socratic period, beginning in the 6th century BCE. It discusses the Milesian school of thought founded by Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes, who sought the fundamental material principle of all things. Later philosophers discussed include Heraclitus, Pythagoras, Parmenides, Anaxagoras, Xenophanes, and Empedocles. The pre-Socratics explored questions around nature, change, and the fundamental elements or forces that govern the natural world.
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Plato was a classical Greek philosopher born in 427 BC who founded the Academy in Athens. He was a student of Socrates and wrote works such as The Republic, The Statesman, and The Laws. Plato believed justice could be achieved through education by developing both the mind and soul. He proposed a state-controlled education system that educated both men and women and emphasized subjects like music, gymnastics, logic, mathematics, and astronomy. The system involved basic education from birth to age 18, followed by higher selective education from ages 20-35 to develop wise guardians. However, critics argued Plato's system killed initiative and was unrealistic.
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This document discusses three ancient Greek philosophers - Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle - and their contributions to philosophy and education. Socrates established the Socratic method of questioning beliefs and examining one's own knowledge. Plato introduced discussion as a teaching method and advocated for co-education. Aristotle studied different customs and literature, established principles in physics, and defined branches of knowledge. He influenced Western philosophy, science, and Islamic thought.
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Socrates lived in 5th century BC Athens and is considered the father of Western philosophy. Unlike the Sophists who taught that truth was relative, Socrates believed in universal truths about ethics and morality. Through questioning dialogues, he sought to expose inconsistencies in people's beliefs and show that virtue comes from seeking wisdom. However, his criticism of Athenian society led to his trial and execution in 399 BC by being forced to drink poison, even though he was given the chance to escape.
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The document discusses the Sophists, Socrates, and Plato's Allegory of the Cave. It describes how the Sophists taught practical subjects but were not true philosophers. It outlines Socrates' questioning method and his execution for "corrupting the youth." It then explains Plato's Allegory of the Cave, which depicts people chained in a cave seeing only shadows on the wall and coming to understand true reality outside the cave. The allegory represents Plato's view that everyday experiences are less real than abstract ideas.
Plato
Plato was a classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, and writer who founded the Academy in Athens, one of the earliest institutions of higher learning. He was originally a student of Socrates and helped lay the foundations of Western philosophy alongside Socrates and his own student, Aristotle. Plato authored philosophical dialogues that explored topics like politics, ethics, epistemology, and metaphysics. Some of his most influential works included The Republic, in which he outlined his vision of a just society, and other dialogues where he advocated concepts like the theory of forms and the immortality of the soul. Plato made major contributions to psychology through his thoughts on the tripartite nature of the soul and the distinction between knowledge and
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INTRODUCTION:
TEACHING
TEACHING METHOD
SOCRATES BELIEFS
VIRTUES
PHILOSOPHER AND TEACHER
STUDENTS
QUOTES
SOCRATES AND SOPHISTS
SOCRATES AND GREEK
SOCRATES’ APPROACH TO PHILOSOPHY
Three Major Contributions Of Socrates To The Development Of Education
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POLITICAL VIEWS OF SOCRATES
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FINAL WORDS
LEGACY
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Aristotle was a Greek philosopher who lived from 384-322 BC. He was a student of Plato and founded his own school called the Lyceum in Athens. Aristotle made significant contributions across many fields, including logic, physics, biology and ethics. He emphasized empirical observation and reasoning in his works. Aristotle rejected some of Plato's theories like the theory of forms. He is considered one of the most influential ancient philosophers and developed logical systems still used today.
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Plato and aristotle
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher who studied under Plato and founded his own school called the Lyceum. He made significant contributions across many fields, including logic, metaphysics, mathematics, biology, ethics and politics. As a prolific writer, Aristotle radically transformed most areas of knowledge he studied. He was the first to classify different areas of human knowledge into distinct disciplines still used today. As the founder of logic, he developed one of the first formal systems of reasoning and is known for his use of syllogisms.
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Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher who lived in Athens in the 5th century BC. He questioned his fellow citizens about morality and virtue through dialogues. Unlike the Sophists who taught that there were no absolute truths, Socrates believed that morality and justice could be discovered through rational inquiry. He was eventually tried for corrupting the youth of Athens and impiety, and was sentenced to death by drinking poison hemlock.
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1) Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher who made many contributions across various fields like logic, metaphysics, biology and ethics.
2) He was a student of Plato and rejected some of Plato's theories like theory of forms.
3) Aristotle wrote over 200 treatises of which only 31 survive today. He classified areas of knowledge into disciplines and developed one of the first formal systems of reasoning.
Topic 1 1.2 the sophists
The sophists were intellectuals and teachers in ancient Greece who taught rhetoric, language, statesmanship, and virtues. They claimed to have knowledge and charged high rates to teach the sons of wealthy Athenians skills like debating, persuasion, and arguing to secure careers in law and politics. The sophists believed that truth was relative and depended on individual perspectives. Protagoras was one of the first sophists and said that man determines what is true. This caused tensions as it suggested there were no absolute truths and blurred the lines between right and wrong, weakening moral order.
Plato
The document summarizes key aspects of the philosophies of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It discusses Plato's Academy, one of the first universities, and his dialogue Symposium which analyzes the concept of love. It also describes Plato's theory of forms and allegory of the cave, which proposes that knowledge is gained by remembering ideals we were exposed to before birth.
History of philosophy
The document provides an overview of early Greek philosophy from the pre-Socratic period, beginning in the 6th century BCE. It discusses the Milesian school of thought founded by Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes, who sought the fundamental material principle of all things. Later philosophers discussed include Heraclitus, Pythagoras, Parmenides, Anaxagoras, Xenophanes, and Empedocles. The pre-Socratics explored questions around nature, change, and the fundamental elements or forces that govern the natural world.
Plato ppt (1)
Plato was a classical Greek philosopher born in 427 BC who founded the Academy in Athens. He was a student of Socrates and wrote works such as The Republic, The Statesman, and The Laws. Plato believed justice could be achieved through education by developing both the mind and soul. He proposed a state-controlled education system that educated both men and women and emphasized subjects like music, gymnastics, logic, mathematics, and astronomy. The system involved basic education from birth to age 18, followed by higher selective education from ages 20-35 to develop wise guardians. However, critics argued Plato's system killed initiative and was unrealistic.
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Aristotle was a Greek philosopher born in 384 BC in Stagira who greatly influenced Western philosophy. He studied under Plato at Plato's Academy in Athens and later founded his own school called the Lyceum. Aristotle wrote on many topics and made seminal contributions to logic, metaphysics, the natural sciences, ethics, politics and rhetoric. He classified areas of knowledge into distinct disciplines and some of these classifications are still used today. Aristotle died in 322 BC in Chalcis.
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This document provides an overview of some key ancient Greek philosophers, including Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It discusses their lives, ideas, and influences. Socrates believed in questioning assumptions to arrive at truth and was sentenced to death for corrupting youth. Plato was his student and founded the Academy, promoting his theory of Forms. Aristotle was a student of Plato who emphasized observation and founded the Lyceum, making major contributions across many fields. Both Plato and Aristotle had significant impacts on Western thought.
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- The origins and early development of philosophy are traced back to ancient Greek philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Socrates used questioning to arrive at truth and believed the unexamined life was not worth living.
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Socrates' Apology written by Plato, Philosophy Lecture Slides
Socrates was an Athenian philosopher who was put on trial for corrupting the youth. During his trial, known as The Apology of Socrates, he defended himself by explaining his use of the Socratic method, in which he questioned people to uncover their ignorance rather than prove himself right. Though found guilty, Socrates maintained he was trying to help Athens become wiser by revealing how little its citizens truly knew. He was sentenced to death despite believing his philosophy could improve the city.
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- 1. SOCRATES GREEK AND WESTERN PERSPECTIVES
- 2. Philosophical Perspective of Socrates about the Self
- 3. 470 BCE—399 BCE Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher whose way of life, character, and thought exerted a profound influence, one of the three greatest figures of the ancient period of Western philosophy (the others were Plato and Aristotle. Who lived in Athens in the 5th century BCE SOCRATES
- 4. EARLY YEARS Information derived from three contemporary sources: ✓ Dialogues of Plato ✓ Xenophon ✓ The plays of Aristophanes • Son of the statuary Sophroniscus and the midwife Phaenarete. • Born in Athens 469 B.C.E. • In his youth he learned gymnastics and music • In his later years he learned geometry, astronomy and studied the methods and doctrines of the leaders of Greek thought and culture. • Began life as a sculptor/stonemason.
- 5. LIFE • Married Xanthippe Had three sons: - Lamprocles - Sophroniscus - Menexenus • Denied payment for his teachings in a sophist school. • Took over profession of stonemasonry. • Served in the Athenian army.
- 6. STUDENTS • PLATO - considered one of the greatest philosophers in the history of civilized man. • ALCIBIADES - military genius. • ARISTIPPUS - founder of the Cyrenaic school of hedonism • ANTISTHENES - founder of the Cynic school of philosophy • XENOPHON - a military leader and historian • CRITO - one of the wealthiest men in Athens. INSTANT LEGACY • Socrates’ students and followers continued in his footsteps pushing his beliefs and methods throughout Athens. • His pupil Plato continued on to become more influential than his teacher.
- 7. TEACHING • Socrates had many “students,” but no formal school, and he never accepted payment for teaching because he believed that knowledge should be free to all who seek it. • He exemplified his beliefs by walking through the streets of Athens barefoot year- round in ragged clothing. • Socratic Methods • Examining ourselves to find truth • Moral values • Socrates did not write anything. Everything we know about him was written by others
- 8. SOCRATIC METHOD Dialectical method • A discussion involving opposing views. • Begins with commonly held truths and opinions. • Questions are then asked to test the logic behind these views. • Contradicting ideas are eliminated until consistency is reached. • Socrates believed this was the ultimate way of discovering truth. ELENCHUS MAIEUTIC PROCESS IRONIC PROCESS
- 9. The Oracle of Delphi • Priestess of Apollo gifted in prophecy • She was asked, “Is there anyone wiser than Socrates?” She answered no. • Socrates felt this we wrong because he knew that he didn't know anything. • Socrates tried to refute the Oracle by questioning the Wise Men of Athens. https://mygestaltherapy.com/socrates/#Pythia,_the_Priestess
- 10. SOPHIST • Intelligent men, who travelled from place to place, teaching subjects like grammar, rhetoric (debating, argument, logic) and literature • Athens was an emerging democratic centre and educated people were needed • The Sophists charged for their services, usually employed by the wealthy and powerful – what the Sophists taught was in demand
- 11. TRIAL OF SOCRATES • Meletus initiated criminal proceedings • Charged with impiety and corrupting the youth • Faced a jury of 500 men. • Most damaging accusation: Association with Critias FINDINGS & PENALTY • 280 jurors guilty & 220 jurors for acquittal, there was no judge. • Each side proposes punishment jurors choose: The accusers of Socrates proposed the punishment of death. • Socrates asks the jury for free meals in the Prytaneum: “Finally suggested a fine of one mina of silver”. - 360 jurors voted for death - 140 for the fine
- 12. THE FINAL WORDS & DEATH OF SOCRATES “This conviction resulted from my unwillingness to address you as you would have liked me to do.” “History will come to see this conviction as shameful for Athens” "The hour of departure has arrived, and we go our ways - I to die, and you to live. Which to the better fate is known only to God.” His final hours were spent in an Athenian jail cell. Athenian law required death sentence to be by hemlock.
- 14. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING! Prepared by: Jorielyn E. Apostol BEED 1-A Mr. Harvey C. Torres Philosophy 1 College Instructor