Blood pressure is a measurement of the force against artery walls as the heart pumps blood. Normal blood pressure is under 120/80 mmHg, while readings over that are considered high. High blood pressure can damage organs if left untreated over time. Lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, weight control, and limiting alcohol can help control high blood pressure, as can medications like diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and alpha-blockers.

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2. What is Blood Pressure
 Blood Pressure is a measurement of the force against the
walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood throughout
the body
 Blood pressure is measured in mmHg (millimeters of
mercury)
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3. What is normal blood pressure?
An optimal blood pressure level is a reading under 120/80 mmHg.
Readings over 120/80mmHg
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5.  Blood pressure changes all the time:
It decreases when we sleep, or when we are at rest
It increases when we are active, excited, practicing sports, stressed and nervous
Changing blood pressure is a vital part of a healthy cardiovascular system
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, happens when the blood pressure stays too
high over an extended period of time:
Can cause the heart to have to work too hard and the force of the blood flow can
damage your arteries, heart, kidneys, brain and eyes.5

6. Blood pressure that stays elevated
 > 140/90
 > 130/80 if you already have:
diabetes
mild kidney disease
heart disease
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7. A blood pressure reading lower than 90 millimeters of
mercury (mm Hg) for the top number (systolic) or 60 mm
Hg for the bottom number (diastolic) is generally
considered low blood pressure.
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8. Causes,
The causes of low blood pressure can range
from dehydration to serious medical or
surgical disorders. It's important to find out
what's causing your low blood pressure so that
it can be treated.
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1. Hardening of the arteries
2. Stroke
3. Heart attack
4. Kidney damage
5. Blindness

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12. You can control high blood pressure by making healthy lifestyle
choices.
Eating Fruit And Vegetables
Regular Physical Activity
Maintaining A Healthy Weight
Limiting your alcohol intake
Stopping smoking
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13. What causes high blood pressure?
Limit alcohol Being overweight
Not getting enough physical activity
Stress
Old age
Family history of high blood pressure
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14.  Cough
 Diarrhea
 Headache
 Skin Rash
 Vomiting
 Weight Loss
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TREATEMENT :
HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
LOW BLOOD PRESSURE

16.  Diuretics.
 Beta-blockers.
 ACE inhibitors.
 Angiotensin-receptor blockers.
 Calcium channel blockers.
 Alpha-blockers.
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18.  Diuretics are a class of drugs that
increase the flow of urine
(termed diuresis).
 Diuretics work by removing sodium
and chloride from the body in the
urine,
 sodium and chloride in turn draw
excess water from the body
through urine.
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Diuretics

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Beta Blockers:
Beta blockers, also known as beta-adrenergic
blocking agents,
are medications that reduce your blood pressure.
 Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of
the hormone epinephrine, also known as
adrenaline.
 Beta blockers cause your heart to beat more
slowly and with less force,
Used to manage abnormal
heart rhythms, and to protect
the heart from a second heart
attack after a first heart attack

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Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE
inhibitors)
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitors are high blood pressure drugs that
widen or dilate the blood vessels to improve
the amount of blood the heart pumps and to
lower blood pressure.
 ACE inhibitors also increase blood flow,
which helps to decrease the amount of work
your heart .
widen or dilate
the blood vessels

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 Calcium channel blockers are also
called calcium (antagonists),
 Calcium channel blockers are
drugs used to lower blood pressure.
 They work by slowing the
movement of calcium into the cells
of the heart and blood vessel walls
High blood pressure.
Angina.
Abnormal heart rhythms,
for example: atrial fibrillation,
irregular and often rapid heart
rate

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 Potential side effects from taking a calcium channel blocker
include:
Low blood pressure
Heart rhythm problems
Dry mouth
Edema (swelling of ankles, feet, or lower legs)
Headache
Nausea
Fatigue
Skin rash
Constipation or diarrhea.

24. Hydralazine :
 USES: This medication relaxes and
dilates (expands) blood vessels
resulting in lowered blood pressure.
 It is used to treat hypertension (high
blood pressure).
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25. Pregnancy
Hyperkalemia
Angioedema
bradycardia
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