This document outlines the learning objectives and content for a unit on the effects of exercise on the body's systems. It describes both the short-term and long-term impacts of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Specifically, it addresses how exercise acutely affects heart rate, breathing, and muscle fibers, while chronic exercise leads to increased bone and muscle strength over time. It also discusses the energy systems used in different physical activities and sports, as well as the performance-enhancing drugs used illegally and their health risks.

1. Unit 18<br />Effects of Exercise on the Body Systems<br />Name: <br />PASS<br />P1describe the short-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems<br />P2 investigate the short term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and<br />respiratory systems, with tutor support<br />P3 describe the long-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal system<br />P4 describe the long-term effects of exercise on the cardiorespiratory system<br />P5 describe two types of physical activity that use the aerobic energy system and two that use the anaerobic energy systems<br />P6 investigate different physical activities that use the aerobic and anaerobic energy systems, with tutor support<br />P7 describe four different types of drugs used to enhance sports performance and their effects<br />P8 describe the negative impact of drugs.<br />MERIT<br />M1 explain the short-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems<br />M2 independently investigate the short-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems<br />M3 explain the long-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems<br />M4 explain the energy requirements of four different types of physical activity<br />M5 explain the negative impact of drugs<br />DISTINCTION<br />D1 analyse the short- and long-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems.<br />You must investigate the following effects of exercise and describe them.<br />Musculoskeletal system:<br />ST increased joint range of movement, micro tears in muscle fibres<br />LT- eg hypertrophy, increase in tendon strength, increase in bone density, increased thickness of hyaline cartilage, increased production of synovial fluid<br />Cardiovascular system:<br />ST increased heart rate, increased blood pressure<br />Respiratory system:<br />ST increase in breathing rate, increased tidal volume<br />Cardiorespiratory system:<br />LT decrease in resting heart rate, increase in stroke volume, increase in heart size, increased vital capacity<br />P1 - Describe the short-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems <br />M1 - Explain the short-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems<br />Musculoskeletal EffectCardiovascular EffectRespiratory EffectEffectEffectEffectBenefit in SportBenefit in SportBenefit in SportEffectEffectEffectBenefit in SportBenefit in SportBenefit in SportEffectEffectEffectBenefit in SportBenefit in SportBenefit in SportEffectEffectEffectBenefit in SportBenefit in SportBenefit in Sport<br />P3 - Describe the long-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal system<br />SkeletalMuscular<br />P4 - Describe the long-term effects of exercise on the cardiorespiratory system<br />Cardiovascular Respiratory<br />lefttop<br />M3 - Explain the long-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems<br />D1 - Analyse the short- and long-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems.<br />Using the diagrams below analyse what impact the ST & LT effects have on sports performance<br />45370753314702242820347980-142875331470<br />342074590805149796590805<br />P2 - Investigate the short term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, with tutor support<br />M2 - Independently investigate the short-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems<br />Fitness TestResultArea of FitnessEffects of TestBody System EffectedBleep Test1 Minute Press Up TestShoulder Press<br />P5 - Describe two types of physical activity that use the aerobic energy system and two that use the anaerobic energy systems<br />P6 - Investigate different physical activities that use the aerobic and anaerobic energy systems, with tutor support<br />M4 - Explain the energy requirements of four different types of physical activity<br />SportAnaerobicAerobicEnergy RequirementsTour De FranceMarathon Running100m Sprint400m Sprint<br />KeywordsCalories Muscle PainFatigue ATP Lactic AcidGlycogenCreatineOxygen<br />P7 - Describe four different types of drugs used to enhance sports performance and their effects<br />P8 - Describe the negative impact of drugs.<br />M5 - Explain the negative impact of drugs<br />DrugSport BenefittedEffects on PerformanceNegative Impact / Side EffectsAnabolic SteroidsAmphetaminesEPODiuretic<br />