Exercise has short-term and long-term effects on the cardiovascular system. Short-term effects include an increased heart rate and blood pressure as the body demands more oxygen-rich blood during exercise. Long-term effects are that regular exercise causes the heart to enlarge and strengthen over time, increasing stroke volume and cardiac output even at rest, and decreasing resting heart rate. Regular exercise also causes the arteries to become more elastic.
Effects of Exercise on Cardiovascular SystemAdam Sturm
The benefits of regular exercise include more than just having a well-toned body. Besides serving as a mood intensifier, physical activity has both long term and short term effects on the cardiovascular system. Good blood circulation throughout your body may provide long standing positive effects to your health. Giving your body a temperate workout for 30 minutes at least 5 days a week may help mitigate the chance of developing many heart-related diseases.
Cardiovascular response to exercise avik baxsuWbuhs
2nd and 3rd September 2011,a General Lecture Theatre, Dr Chirantan Mandal, Dr Avik Basu, Dr Dipayan Sen Dr Ushnish Adhikari,Dr Srimanti Bhattacharya, Dr Shubham Presided by Dr Arnab Sengupta (Physiology Dept Medical College Kolkata)
Effects of Exercise on Cardiovascular SystemAdam Sturm
The benefits of regular exercise include more than just having a well-toned body. Besides serving as a mood intensifier, physical activity has both long term and short term effects on the cardiovascular system. Good blood circulation throughout your body may provide long standing positive effects to your health. Giving your body a temperate workout for 30 minutes at least 5 days a week may help mitigate the chance of developing many heart-related diseases.
Cardiovascular response to exercise avik baxsuWbuhs
2nd and 3rd September 2011,a General Lecture Theatre, Dr Chirantan Mandal, Dr Avik Basu, Dr Dipayan Sen Dr Ushnish Adhikari,Dr Srimanti Bhattacharya, Dr Shubham Presided by Dr Arnab Sengupta (Physiology Dept Medical College Kolkata)
Effect of exercise on Cardiovascular system.
introduction.
type of exercise.
a) based on contraction of muscle.
b) based on the type of metabolism.
c) based on the severity of exercise.
effect of exercise on cardio vascular system:-
a) on blood.
b) on blood volume.
c) on heart rate.
d) on cardiac output.
e) on venous return.
f) on blood flow to skeletal muscles.
g) on blood pressure.
Blood pressure after exercise.
vivekanand quotes.
thank you.
CVS in exercise - SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY
Cardiovascular system and the influence of exercises on it The effects of exercise on cardiovascular system can be determined it by :-
1. The effect on heart size,
2. The effect on plasma volume ,
3. The effect on stroke volume,
4. The effect on heart rate ,
5. The effect on cardiac output ,
6. The effect on oxygen extraction ,
7. The effect on blood flow and distribution
8. The effect on blood pressure
Physiological changes During Aerobic ExerciseAnand Vaghasiya
Exercise induces more activity in the whole body almost every system of the body affected by exercise.
Increasing muscular activity demands the more Oxygen and red blood cell supply to the muscular tissue.
So what is Physiological changes During Aerobic Exercise? explained in detail.
Changes in Cardio-Vascular System
Changes in Respiration
Changes in Blood System
Endocrine functions
The Fick principle
Oxygen delivery or oxygen consumption ( VO2 )
Arterial venous oxygen difference (a-v O2 difference )
Effect of exercise on Cardiovascular system.
introduction.
type of exercise.
a) based on contraction of muscle.
b) based on the type of metabolism.
c) based on the severity of exercise.
effect of exercise on cardio vascular system:-
a) on blood.
b) on blood volume.
c) on heart rate.
d) on cardiac output.
e) on venous return.
f) on blood flow to skeletal muscles.
g) on blood pressure.
Blood pressure after exercise.
vivekanand quotes.
thank you.
CVS in exercise - SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY
Cardiovascular system and the influence of exercises on it The effects of exercise on cardiovascular system can be determined it by :-
1. The effect on heart size,
2. The effect on plasma volume ,
3. The effect on stroke volume,
4. The effect on heart rate ,
5. The effect on cardiac output ,
6. The effect on oxygen extraction ,
7. The effect on blood flow and distribution
8. The effect on blood pressure
Physiological changes During Aerobic ExerciseAnand Vaghasiya
Exercise induces more activity in the whole body almost every system of the body affected by exercise.
Increasing muscular activity demands the more Oxygen and red blood cell supply to the muscular tissue.
So what is Physiological changes During Aerobic Exercise? explained in detail.
Changes in Cardio-Vascular System
Changes in Respiration
Changes in Blood System
Endocrine functions
The Fick principle
Oxygen delivery or oxygen consumption ( VO2 )
Arterial venous oxygen difference (a-v O2 difference )
Physiology of Exercise for course work Dr. BAMU.pptxshatrunjaykote
Physiology of exercise: Cardiovascular System; Heart; Heart Conduction System; Miracles of Heart; Effect of Exercise on Cardiovascular System; CALCULATIONS OF CARDIAC SYSTEM; HOW FIT ARE YOU REALLY? What is your resting Heart Rate?; Respiratory System; Mechanism of Respiration - Inhalation and exhalation; Exchange of Gases in Alveoli; Terminology Related to Respiratory System; Functions of Respiratory System; Miracles of Respiratory System; MONITORY CALCULATIONS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM; HOW FIT ARE YOU REALLY? How efficient are your lungs?; TEST YOUR FITNESS Check your respiratory system; Climatic Conditions and Sports Performance; Altitude Training;
Physiology of Exercise
Cardiovascular system deals with heart and blood vessels
Blood vessels are divided into three branches – Arteries, Veins and Capillaries
Systole: Contraction of the heart – Arterial systole takes – 0.1 seconds and Ventricular systole takes – 0.5 seconds
Diastole: Relaxation of the heart – Arterial diastole takes – 0.7 seconds and Ventricular diastole takes – 0.3 seconds
Heart beat: One contraction and relaxation of ventricle– Approximately 0.8 seconds
Pulse: is the expansion and elongation of the arterials walls passively produced by the contraction and relaxation of the heart.
Cardiac Cycle: The sequential change of events that occur in the heart during one beat is repeated in successive beats (Average time of cardiac cycle is 0.8 seconds)
Heart rate: Number of systoles and diastoles per minute is approximately 72 beats per minute (Range 70 to 80 beats per minute)
Stroke volume: Amount of blood pumped out of left ventricle in one heart beat or stroke is approximately 70 milliliters
Volume: amount of blood passed out through ventricle in one minute is usually 5 liters in a minute
Minute volume = Stroke Volume X Heart rate
Cardiac output: Amount of blood passed out from left ventricle in one minute is usually 5 liters in a minute
Cardiac Output = Heart rate X Stroke Volume
Cardiac Index: cardiac output per square meter of the body surface per minute
Cardiac Index = 5 liters/ 1.7 square meters / minute
Cardiac Index = 2.9 liters/ square meters/ minute
5 liters of blood can carry 1200 milliliters of air and 250 to 300 milliliters of Oxygen per minute
Blood Pressure: It is the lateral pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries and is normally systolic pressure is 120 mm to 140 mm Hg. and diastolic pressure is 80 mm Hg.
(Normally blood pressure = 120/80 mm Hg.)
Formula for systolic pressure = 90 + Age
Arteries pressure = 120 mm Hg.;
Arterioles = 40 to 60 mm Hg.;
Capillaries = 15 to 20 mm Hg.;
Veins = 0 to 10 mm Hg.
Factors that maintain circulation:
1. Force of contraction of the heart
2. Respiration also helps; when we inhale, intra-thoracic pressure decreases in the chest cavity and the pressure in abdomen increases
3. Elastic Recoil of the arteries: the arteries push the blood to all parts of the body and helps in blood circulation.
4. Gravity: The parts located above the heart and the blood in them is pulled towards the heart through the help of gravity
5. Difference in pressure between the arteries, arterioles, capillaries and veins ensure a pressure gradient which helps in the flow of the blood.
Factors Maintaining Cardiac Output:
1. Venous return means is that amount of blood which is coming back to right atrium form the body.
2. Force of contraction of heart
Sterlings Law: The greater the initial length of the muscle the more is the force of contraction Factors Affecting Cardiac Output:
1. Force of contraction of the heart depends on – respiration, gravity, pressure gradient, elastic recoil
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
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micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
4. ↑ in Heart Rate ↑ in release of adrenaline ↑ in release of heat ↑ in dilation of vessels ↑ in blood flow to muscles ↑ in Stroke Volume ↑ in Cardiac Output ↑ in Blood Pressure Short Term Responses – CV System
7. ↑ in Cardiac Output ↑ in Stroke Volume ↑ in contraction ↑ in size of heart ↑ in haemoglobin ↓ in RHR ↑ in elasticity + thickness of arteries ↑ in capillaries Long Term Responses
8.
9.
Editor's Notes
Mini Group Activity: In pairs, what do you think are the short-term effects of exercise on the CV system?! List as many responses as possible and be prepared to feedback to the class(7 minute activity).
Heart Rate increases as you start to exercise and will continue to increase as exercise intensity continues to rise. Stoke Volume (the volume of blood being pumped out per beat) also increases when exercise starts, due to the increase of oxygen demand by the working muscles. Rises during the initial stages of work and then levels off until near maximal levels where it slightly declines due to decreased ventricular filling time. Cardiac output at rest is about 5 lmin -1 and rises to between 20 and 40 lmin -1 depending on the size of the ventricle and resulting stroke volume. The volume of blood delivered to the working muscles increases with every beat of the heart and blood delivery rate increases as heart rate continues to increase. During exercise , blood flow is increased, venous return higher, the heart is stimulated to pump harder and more frequently. WARM-UP increases blood flow and delivery of oxygen in advance of major effort and COOL-DOWN keeps blood flow high, which keeps oxygen delivery, purging of oxygen debt and continuance of metabolic processes to a maximum. As you start to exercise, body temperature also increases. These are immediate responses to exercise. Once the body gets used to changes in the environment or when exercise stops, the body will eventually return to its original resting state. We will take about this on the next slide!
Blood redistribution – rather than overloading the heart, blood is redistributed.
Mini Group Activity: In pairs, what do you think are the long-term effects of exercise on the CV system?! List as many responses as possible and be prepared to feedback to the class(7 minute activity).
Capillaries: This improves the speed at which the oxygen diffuses from the red blood cells to the muscular tissue.
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