This document provides information about perspective in art, including definitions, techniques, and examples. It discusses one-point, two-point, and three-point perspective, and how artists like Masaccio, Leonardo da Vinci, and Claes Oldenburg have used perspective in their work. Students are then tasked with creating a collage that incorporates perspective, everyday images, and personal images, and are encouraged to be creative and imaginative.

1. WHAT IS PERSPECTIVE IN ART?
H O W C A N W E S H O W T H I S M O S T E F F E C T I V E L Y
A N D C R E A T I V E L Y / I N N O V A T I V E L Y I N O U R
W O R K … … D I S C U S S T H I S I S P A I R S A N D
F E E D B A C K

2. DEFINITIONS AND KEY TERMS:
In simple terms Perspective is a realistic way of drawing
objects /scenes in 3D. Some objects will be appear closer
(larger) some will be further away (smaller)-known as linear
perspective
A mental view or outlook based on an idea or concept: "It is useful occasionally to look at the
past to gain a perspective on the present" (Fabian Linden).
Colour can also be used as a tool to make objects/scenes appear nearer and further away,
artists select cooler or warmer colours to create this effect
The revolution in painting that occurred during the Italian Renaissance was the realistic
representation of 3D objects on a 2D surface. Masaccio (early 15th century) was one
of the first painters to use perspective, known as linear or scientific perspective, for
the space and proportion for the human body. Later in the 15th century, Leon
Battista Alberti, an architect and writer, codified (formulated) the rules for linear or
one-point perspective.

3. FURTHER DEFINITIONS:
.
Horizon line: In 'real life', the horizon is where the land (or sea) and sky meet. In
painting perspective, it's the level your eyes are at, an imaginary line to which
things recede. It's important to know where it is if you're painting a realistic
scene, and it needs to be put in straight, as you need to apply perspective
rules to the objects in relation to this
A vanishing point : is a point in a perspective drawing to which parallel lines not
parallel to the image plane appear to converge. The number and placement
of the vanishing points determines which perspective technique is being
used. The concept was first used by Renaissance artists such
as Donatello, Masaccio and Leonardo da Vinci.

4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
To know and understand more about one,
two and three point perspective and to be
able to use this knowledge to create an
innovative and imaginative collage in
groups
To be able to use materials effectively to
create a collage inspired by the style of
the artist Claes Oldenburg and to add
your own ‘perspective’ and ideas in the
collage. These additional images in
perspective could be from your own
imagination, upbringing and culture etc
BE IMAGINATIVE AND CREATIVE!!

5. ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE
One-Point Perspective.
One vanishing point
is typically used for
roads, railway
tracks, hallways, or
buildings viewed so
that the front is
directly facing the
viewer
One-point perspective exists when
a scene which is composed
entirely of linear elements that
intersect only at right angles
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=7ZYBWA-
ifEs#t=95s

6. TWO POINT PERSPECTIVE
Two-point perspective can be used to draw the same objects as one-point perspective,
rotated: looking at the corner of a house, or looking at two forked roads shrink into
the distance, for example.
.
Walls in 2-pt perspective.
Walls converge towards 2 vanishing points.
All vertical beams are parallel.
Model by "The Great One" from 3D Warehouse.
Rendered in SketchUp.

7. THREE POINT PERSPECTIVE
Three-point perspective is usually used for buildings seen from above (or below)
One-point, two-point, and three-point perspectives appear to embody different forms of calculated
perspective. The methods required to generate these perspectives by hand are different.
Mathematically, however, all three are identical: The difference is simply in the relative orientation of the
rectilinear scene to the viewer.

8. ARTIST: CLAES OLDENBURG
Claes Oldenburg (born January 28, 1929) is a Swedish American sculptor, best
known for his public art installations typically featuring very large replicas of
everyday objects. Another theme in his work is soft sculpture versions of
everyday objects.

9. HOW OTHER ARTIST SHOW PERSPECTIVE IN THEIR
WORK
There are many different perspectives and ways of seeing the world and
representing this in different ways. Here is a variety of artists from
different backgrounds and cultures who have looked and captured
different topics as well as issues in their work using different perspective.
What images and materials would you choose to draw in your work?

10. TASK
***Create a collage from the everyday images in the envelopes with a horizon and
vanishing point in groups of 4 or 5
***Use the artist work Claes Oldenburg as an inspiration.
***Make sure to add your own images /drawings in the collage of things from your
background, upbringing, imagination, a fascinating picture that you want to draw .
***Create a title that you think is suitable for your work
***Remember: -Be as creative and imaginative as you can.
-Key terms as well as accuracy, detail, shading
**Materials: glue, A3 paper, pencils and colouring pencils

11. PLENARY:
*What has been successful and why?
*Have you represented perspective accurately and how?
*What could be improved and how?
National curriculum:
Level 5 and 6:
Exploring: I can take and accept creative risks , exploring and experimenting
with ideas independently and inventively using a range of appropriate
resources imaginatively. To develop design and invent my work.
I can provide a reasoned evaluation of the purpose and meaning of my own work
and that of others. I can use my critical understanding to develop my own
views and practice.

12. EXTENSION ACTIVITY: Choose a scene, a concept, an idea based on the
theme/topic of perspective and create a piece of art in the medium of
your choice (eg. Pencil, paints, 3D materials) How would you show
perspective..?
*Draw out and plan a series of ideas then choose the best one to develop
into a final piece.