The document discusses the history and techniques of one-point perspective in art. It explains that early Egyptian art did not emphasize depth and perspective. During the 15th century, European artists began experimenting with perspective but did not yet have a systematic approach. During the Renaissance, artists developed linear perspective using mathematics and observation to create the illusion of three-dimensional depth on a two-dimensional surface. The key elements of one-point perspective are the vanishing point, horizon line, and orthogonal lines that converge to create the sense of distance and space.

1. Perspective
Drawing
One-Point Perspective
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2. In Ancient Egypt, perspective was less important than
demonstrating the stature or importance of the figures by size.
Also, the levels of a painting separated the earthly from the
divine.

3. Many of the earlier
works artists created
showed little depth.
Does this picture reflect
depth? Why or why not?
How could this picture be
changed to increase its’
depth?
Kaufmann Haggadah. Spain, late 14th C.

4. In Europe during the 15th century, artists began to
attempt to establish perspective by having objects
recede into the distance, but they did not yet have a
functional system.
Look at this
picture and see
if you can find
the PERSPECTIVE
errors.

5. During the Renaissance artists became interested in
making two-dimensional artwork look three-
dimensional.
Renaissance- (1450-1600): The Renaissance began in
Italy and spread through Northern Europe.
Art, Science, and Literature grew during this time.
Artists used
mathematics and
close observation to
invent linear
perspective.
Linear perspective
allows artists to trick
the eye into seeing
depth on a flat
surface.

6. Influential People during the
Renaissance
Art:
Michelangelo
Leonardo da Vinci
Science
Galileo
Literature
Shakespeare
Raphael, School of Athens, One-point linear perspective

7. Linear Perspective:
Based on the way the human eye sees the world.
Objects that are closer appear larger, more
distant objects appear smaller.
To create the illusion of space the artists
creates a vanishing point on the horizon line.
Objects are drawn using orthogonal lines, which
lead to the vanishing points.
REMEMBER: YOU CAN ONLY HAVE ONE HORIZON LINE
BECAUSE YOU CAN ONLY HAVE ONE EYE LEVEL AT A TIME.

8. 3 MAIN COMPONENTS OF PERSPECTIVE
Vanishing Point
The single point on the horizon where all the lines on the
ground level seem to come together
Horizon Line
The place where the land and the sky meet. THIS IS EQUAL
TO YOUR EYE LEVEL.
Orthogonal Line
The imaginary lines that go back to the horizon line.

9. Can you locate the
Horizon Line?
How did you determine
this?
Can you find the
vanishing point in this
picture?

10. Perspective
The red line is the Horizon Line.

11. Perspective
Can you locate the vanishing point?

12. Christ Giving the Keys to St. Peter -
Perugino

13. Artists use one-point
perspective to show
objects face-on.
Most lines are
vertical, horizontal, or
orthogonal drawn to a
single vanishing point.
FACE ON - NOT AT AN ANGLE

14. Perspective
The Horizon Line is
horizontal, it goes from left
to right and is parallel to the
bottom edge of the picture.
Represents the viewer’s eye
level.
It is the place where the
ground and the sky seem to
meet
You can see the top of an
object if it is below eye THIS BOX IS ABOVE THE HORIZON,
level, below the Horizon MEANING ABOVE THE VIEWERS EYE
Line. LEVEL. THAT IS WHY YOU CAN SEE
If an object is above eye THE BOTTOM OF THE BOX.
level, above the Horizon
Line, you can not see it’s top.

15. LET’S TAKE THIS A LITTLE AT A TIME
Place a dot in the middle of the Horizon Line. This is your
vanishing point. In one-point perspective the Vanishing
Point, represented is always on the Horizon Line. As things
get closer to the Vanishing Point they get smaller and
smaller until they appear to vanish.
Draw a horizon line and add a vanishing
point.

16. Draw a square or rectangle In your picture
plane.
Draw a square
QUIZ: WHERE IS YOUR EYE LEVEL IN
RELATION TO THE SQUARE?

17. Now connect three corners of your rectangle or
square to the vanishing point. These are
orthogonals.
Draw orthogonal lines
from the corners to the
point

18. Draw a horizontal line between the two
orthogonals
where you want your forms to end.
Vertical lines go from the top of the page to bottom of
the page and are perpendicular to the bottom edge of
the picture. Along with orthogonal and horizontal lines
they make up a one-point perspective drawing.

19. Perspective
Erase the orthogonals to complete your form.
You now have a 3-D form in one-point
perspective.

20. Perspective

21. END OF SLIDE SHOW
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