This document provides an overview of personality types including: - Definitions of personality as a unique set of relatively stable traits and characteristics. - Descriptions of introverts who gain energy from alone time versus extroverts who gain energy from social interaction. - An overview of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality assessment which categorizes preferences in four dichotomies: Extraversion vs Introversion, Sensing vs Intuition, Thinking vs Feeling, and Judging vs Perceiving. - Clarification that the MBTI assessment indicates inborn preferences on a spectrum rather than absolute types.

1. a
Submitted to: Dr Astha Gupta
Submitted by: Divy Aditya Joshi
System ID: 2021341136
AGL-105
Fundamentals of Rural
Sociology,
Educational Psychology

2. Personality:
A Brief Discussion
• Topics discussed:
• Concept of Personality
• Definition of Personality
• Introverts v/s Extroverts
• MBTI personality types.

3. Concept of
Personality :
• Personality - Persona meaning "mask" [Latin
origin]
• Personality is defined as "a unique set of traits
and characteristics, relatively stable over time."
The definition further suggests that personality
does not change from day to day. Therefore, it is
relatively stable in short term. However, over long
term, a persons personality may change.

4. Basic Definition:
Personality, a characteristic way of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
Personality embraces moods, attitudes, and opinions and is most
clearly expressed in interactions with other people. It includes
behavioral characteristics, both inherent and acquired, that
distinguish one person from another and that can be observed in
people’s relations to the environment and to the social group.

5. Other Definitions:
• M. Prince (1929): Personality is the sum total of all biological
innate dispositions, impulses, tendencies, appetites, and
instincts of the individual and the dispositions and tendencies
acquired by experience.
• J.B. Watson (1930): Personality is the sum of activities that can
be discovered by actual observations over a long enough period
of time to give reliable information.

6. Introvert
v/s
Extrovert

7. Contrasts between the two.
Extroverts
• Get their energy from being
around other people.
• Recharge by being social.
• Feel drained alone.
• Generally, have more self-
confidence in
a social setting.
• They don’t mind being the
center if attraction.
• Tend to participate more
actively in groups.
Introverts
• Get their energy from
being alone.
• Feel drained by a lot of
social interaction or a
crowd.
• Typically dislike noise and
big group settings.
• Tend to prefer solitude.
• Take time to think before
speaking or acting.

8. EXTROVERT STEREOTYPES.
 Talk too much
 Never want to be alone
 Aren’t as creative as introverts
 Love socializing all the time
 Get along with all kinds of people
 “Social butterflies”

9. Introvert Stereotypes.
 Anti-social
 Never speak
 Are shy
 Don’t like being around people
 Don’t make good leaders
 Have negative personalities
 Don’t make good public speakers
 Always want to be alone
 Don’t know how to have fun
 They aren’t funny

10. MBTI
Personality
Types.
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY.

11. MBTI Theory.
Four pairs of opposites—like our right
and left hands.
We all use both sides of each pair, but
one is our natural preference.
The MBTI instrument is designed to
indicate those inborn preferences.
The MBTI instrument is not designed to
measure skills or effects of environment.

12. The MBTI Dichotomies.
The MBTI instrument indicates preferences
on four pairs of opposites, called dichotomies:
E - Extraversion I - Introversion
S - Sensing N - Intuition
T -Thinking F - Feeling
J - Judging P - Perceiving

13. E–I Differences
People who prefer Extraversion:
• Direct their energy and attention outward
• Focus on the outer world of people and activity
People who prefer Introversion:
• Direct their energy and attention inward
• Focus on their inner world of ideas and experiences

14. S-N Differences
People who prefer Sensing:
• Focus on present realities, verifiable facts, and
experience.
People who prefer Intuition:
• Focus on future possibilities, the big picture, and
insights.

15. T–F Differences
People who prefer Thinking:
• Make their decisions based on impersonal, objective
logic
People who prefer Feeling:
• Make their decisions based on personal priorities and
relationships

16. J–P Differences
People who prefer Judging:
• Want the external world to be organized and orderly
• Look at the world and see decisions that need to be made
People who prefer Perceiving:
• Seek to experience the world, not organize it
• Look at the world and see options that need to be explored

17. Disclaimer:
• These dichotomies are not absolute.
• We all use both preferences, but usually not
with equal comfort.
• We tend to tilt towards the other one in a
certain situation
• We all use both ways of perceiving, but we
typically prefer and trust one of them more.

19. • I have taken the MBTI test twice.
• I got INFJ the first time and
INTJ the second time.
• To take a test yourself:
Click here.

20. Thank you.