This document discusses two types of persistent mood disorders: dysthymia and cyclothymia. It defines dysthymia as a chronic mild depression lasting at least two years in adults or one year in children. Cyclothymia is characterized by alternating periods of mild depression and hypomania, separated by brief periods of normal mood. The document covers the epidemiology, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment including psychotherapy and medications, and health education recommendations for these two persistent mood disorders.

1. PERSISTENT
MOOD DISORDER
MR.DISHAL.R.PATEL
M.SC NURSING
KJIN,VADASMA

2. CLASSIFICATION –ICD-10
 F34.0- Cyclothymia
 F34.1- Dysthmia
 F34.8 – Other persistent mood
disorders
 F34.9 – Unspecified,Persistent mood
disoerder unspecified

3. What is Dysthymia?
The word “Dysthymia” comes
from Greek roots meaning
“bad state of mind”
or
“ill humor”

4. DEFINATION
“Dysthymia A chronic mood disorder
with A refer to mild depression
that lasts 2 years in adults or 1 year
in children.”

5. EPIDEMIOLOGY
 Life time risk: of significant depression
exceeds 25%
 Morality rate: increased
 RACE : African Americans more
common
 SEX :Childbearing ,Female >Male ratio 2:1
: Puberty &Menopause Female =Male
: Elderly Male >Female

6.  Below normal serotonin levels
 Biochemical Factor
Psychological factor
Major Life Changes
Positive or negative events can
trigger depression.
Major Illnesses
such as heart attack,
Stress
ETIOLOGY

7. CLINICAL FEATURES
 PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS
- sad
- Anxious
- Excessive crying
- Helplessness
- Hopelessness

8.  PHYSIOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS:
- Weight or appetite changes
- Sleep difficulties
- Reduced energy level

9. DIAGNOSIS
 Careful psychiatric examination
 Medical history
 Based on ICD-10 Criteria

10. TREATMENT:
- Anti depressants,such as
SSRIs or TCAs especially for
patients who exhibit pessimism.

11. PSYCHOTHERAPY
 Behavioral therapy
 Group therapy
 Family thearpy

13. DEFINITION
“ Cyclothymia disorderd is characterized
by short period of mild depression
alterating with short periods of
hypomania; b/t the depressive & manic
episodes, brief periods of normal mood
occurs.”

14. ETIOLOGY
Genetic factors
Familiy history of bipolar disorder
Major depression
Substance abuse

15. CLINICAL FEATURES
 HYPOMANIC PHASE:
- insomnia
- Hyperactivity or aggressiveness
- Restlessness
- Grandiosity
- increased productivity, creativity

16. Depressive phase:
- Insomina or hypersomnia
- Feeling of inadequacy
- Deceased productivity
- Social withdrawal
- Suicidal ideation

17. DIAGNOSIS
 MSE
 Based on ICD-10 CRITERIA

18. TREATMENT
 Lithium
 Carbamazepine
 Valporic acid

19. PSYCHOTHERAPY
 INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOTHERAPY
Interpersonal therapy works to change
relationships that affect depression
 Cognitive-behavioral therapy helps
people change negative thinking and
behavior patterns

20. TAIK THERAPY
 GROUP THERAPY
 FAMILY THERAPY

21. ELECTRO CONVUSIVE THERAPY

22. Health Education
 Don’t expect too much of yourself
 Take a break
 Get some exercise
 Avoid extra stress and big changes

23. References
 Sreevani R Guide to mental health &
psychiatric nursing 2nd edition,
 Dr. kapor Bimla textbook of psychiatric
nursing vol 2,
 Ahuja Niraj ,Short textbook of psychiatric 6th
edition,
 Dr.Bhatia M.S consided text book of
psychiatric nursing 1st edition.
 http://en.wikipedia.com

24. Questions or Concerns?

25. THANK YOU !