This document provides information on peripheral nerves of the upper and lower limbs, including their root values, branches, muscles supplied, and effects of injury. For each nerve, it lists at least 3 branches, muscles supplied, and describes the effect of injury. Diagrams are included showing the course and distribution of each nerve. Identification questions are presented at the end assessing knowledge of specific nerves, their roots, and muscles supplied.

1. Prepared By Reviewed By Dr. Ahmed Elzainy
R
AbdulRahman
Identifications Mention
Upper & Lower
Limbs Nerves
Root Value Branches
Muscles Supplied Effect of Injury
PE IPHERAL NERVES

2. Upper Limb Root Value Branches Muscles Supplied ⋮ At Least 3 of Each
↯
↯ Effect of Injury
Axillary C5-C6
- Anterior branch.
- Posterior branch.
- Cutaneous N. of arm.
- Deltoid.
- Teres Minor.
DelTa
- Flat shoulder.
- Sensory loss over lower ½ of deltoid.
Musculo-
cutaneous
C5-C7
- Muscular branches⋮
- Lateral cutaneous N.
- Biceps.
- Brachialis.
- Coracobrachialis.
B
B
C
- Wasting of biceps deformity.
- Sensory loss over lateral side of
forearm.
Radial C5-T1
- Muscular branches⋮
- Posterior cutaneous N. of arm.
- Lower lateral cutaneous N. of arm.
- Posterior cutaneous N. of forearm.
- Posterior interosseous N.
- Superficial terminal branch.
- Triceps.
- Brachioradialis.
- Lateral Fibers of Brachialis.
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus.
T
B
L
- Wrist & fingers drop.
- Sensory loss over lower posterior part
of arm, lateral ⅔ of dorsum of hand &
lateral 3 ½ fingers up to middle
phalanges.
Median C5-T1
- Muscular branches⋮
- Anterior interosseous N.
- Palmar cutaneous.
- Pronator Teres.
- Palmaris Longus.
- Flexor Carpi Radialis.
- Flexor Digitorum Superficialis.
In hand:
- abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis,
opponens pollicis & 1st & 2nd lumbricals.
PurPleCaR
- Ape hand.
- Sensory loss over lateral ​3½ digits
including their nail beds & thenar area.
Ulnar C7-T1
- Muscular branches⋮
- Articular to elbow joint.
- Palmar & Dorsal cutaneous branches.
- Flexor Carpi Ulnaris.
- Medial Part of Flexor Digitorum Profundus.
- Partial Claw hand.
- Sensory loss of medial ⅓ of palmer &
dorsal aspects of hand & medial 1 ½
fingers.

3. Lower Limb Root Value Branches Muscles Supplied ⋮ At Least 3 of Each
↯
↯ Effect of Injury
Femoral L2-L4
- Muscular branches⋮
- Intermediate cutaneous N.
- Medial cutaneous N.
- Saphenous N.⤵
[sensation to anteromedial, &
posteromedial surface of leg.]
- Quadriceps Femoris.
- Pectineus.
- Sartorius.
- Iliacus.
K
P
Sa
- Wasting of quadriceps & Loss of knee
extension.
- Sensory loss over anteromedial side of
thigh & medial side of leg & foot.
Sciatic L4-S3
- Muscular branches⋮
- Articular to hip joint.
- Medial & Lateral popliteal Ns.
- Semimembranosus.
- Biceps Femoris.
- Semitendinosus.
- Ischial part of Adductor Magnus.
S
P
S
S
- Foot drop.
- Sensory loss below knee Except area
supplied by saphenous N.
Medial
Popliteal
- Tibial -
L4-S3
- Muscular branches⋮
- Sural N.
- Articular to knee joint.
- Gastrocnemius.
- Popliteus.
- Soleus.
- Plantaris.
G
P
S
- Dorsiflexion & eversion of foot.
- Sensory loss over sole of foot.
Lateral
Popliteal
- Common
Peroneal -
L4-S2
- Lateral cutaneous N. of calf.
- Sural communicating N.
- Articular to knee joint.
- Foot drop
- Sensory loss over anterior & lateral
sides of leg & dorsum of foot except
areas supplies by sural & saphenous Ns.
Anterior
Tibial
L4-S2
- Muscular branches⋮
- Cutaneous branches.
All front of leg muscles & extensor digitorum brevis. - Drop foot with high steppage gait.
Posterior
Tibial
L4-S3
- Muscular branches⋮
- Cutaneous branches.
- Articular to ankle joint.
- Flexor Hallucis Longus.
- Flexor Digitorum Longus.
- Tibialis Posterior.
- Deep part of Soleus.
FuLLHDTv
- Weak planter flexion.

4. Median
Runs with brachial A.
Radial
Through triangular space
Anterior
1
2
1 2
Ulnar
Descends behind
medial epicondyle
Axillary
Through quadrangular space

5. Radial
Anterior
Median
Middle
Ulnar
Medial

6. Radial
In Radial groove
Axillary on
Surgical neck of humerus
-
Posterior
1
2
1 2

7. Radial
Posterior
1
1

8. Femoral
Anterior Tibial
Anterior
1
2
1 2

9. Sciatic
Lateral popliteal
Medial popliteal
Posterior
1
2
1 2

10. Posterior Tibial
Posterior

11. Anterior
1
2
1 2
Ulnar
Median
Runs with brachial A.
Descends behind
medial epicondyle
Medial
Middle

12. Musculocutaneous
Exists between
Brachialis & Biceps Ms.
Anterior
1
1

13. Axillary
Attached to Deltoid M.
Radial
In Radial groove
Posterior
1
2
1 2

14. Ulnar
Median
Musculocutaneous
Anterior
1
2
1 2

15. Axillary
Radial
Posterior
1
1 2
2

16. Sciatic
Divided in this specimen
Femoral
PosteriorAnterior
1
2
1 2

17. Medial popliteal
Lateral popliteal
Posterior
2
1
1 2
Posterior Tibial

18. Femoral
Anterior Tibial
Anterior
1
2
1 2

19. Sciatic
Lateral popliteal
Medial popliteal
Posterior
1
2
1 2

20. Identify nerve marked as (Y), mention its root
value and deformity resulting from its injury.
Y= Radial nerve.
Root value: C5,6,7,8, &T1.
Deformity: wrist drop.
Identify nerve marked as (X), name
THREE muscles supplied by it.
X= Tibial nerve.
Supplies: Plantaris+ Popliteus+
Superficial part of the soleus.
Identify nerve marked as (Y), name Two
muscles supplied by it.
Y- femoral nerve Root (L2, 3, 4).
Two muscles supplied:
- quadriceps femoris & sartorius
Previous Years Questions