Ventilatory management in obstructive airway diseasesVitrag Shah
Presentation on ventilatory management in COPD & Asthma
Updated information till 26/5/16
For powerpoint format, contact dr.vitrag@gmail.com
http://www.medicalgeek.com/presentation/36441-ventilatory-management-obstructive-airway-diseases-presentation.html
Ventilatory management in obstructive airway diseasesVitrag Shah
Presentation on ventilatory management in COPD & Asthma
Updated information till 26/5/16
For powerpoint format, contact dr.vitrag@gmail.com
http://www.medicalgeek.com/presentation/36441-ventilatory-management-obstructive-airway-diseases-presentation.html
Mechanical ventilator, common modes, indications,nursing responsibilities MURUGESHHJ
it is an brief summary with diagrammatic presentation for NURSES regarding Mechanical ventilator, uses, complications, types, important terms,common modes, NIV, uses, NURING ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES for handling INTUBATED patients...
A basic overview on the management of intra-operative bronchospasm: the risk factors, triggers, diagnosis, prevention and management. Includes a case scenario – discussion.
THIS IS AN BRIEF INFORMATION ABOUT AN ONE OF MY FAVOURITE SUBJECT ARDS & & ITS MANAGEMENT ,ROLES OF INTENSIVE NURSES , IT WILL EXPLAINS ABOUT CATEGORIES, PF RATIO, PRONE POSITIONING & NURSING CARE .....FOR THIS I REFFERED OLD SLIDE SHARE PPTS & IN HOSPITAL ROUTINELY PRACTICING POLICIES
Intra-operative bronchospasm is a deadly complication during general anaesthesia especially immediately after intubation. This presentation is a guide to tackle such a situation.
Anesth considerations of pediatric patient with cardiac shunt for non cardiac...Bhavna Gupta
The large and growing population of patients who are living with CHD requires anaesthesia for non-cardiac surgeries and other procedures.
Knowledge of the pathophysiology of the common CHD lesions, as well as careful preoperative assessment and preparation, and communication with the patient’s cardiologist and surgeon, are essential to provide optimal care in the best setting for these patients.
Mechanical ventilator, common modes, indications,nursing responsibilities MURUGESHHJ
it is an brief summary with diagrammatic presentation for NURSES regarding Mechanical ventilator, uses, complications, types, important terms,common modes, NIV, uses, NURING ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES for handling INTUBATED patients...
A basic overview on the management of intra-operative bronchospasm: the risk factors, triggers, diagnosis, prevention and management. Includes a case scenario – discussion.
THIS IS AN BRIEF INFORMATION ABOUT AN ONE OF MY FAVOURITE SUBJECT ARDS & & ITS MANAGEMENT ,ROLES OF INTENSIVE NURSES , IT WILL EXPLAINS ABOUT CATEGORIES, PF RATIO, PRONE POSITIONING & NURSING CARE .....FOR THIS I REFFERED OLD SLIDE SHARE PPTS & IN HOSPITAL ROUTINELY PRACTICING POLICIES
Intra-operative bronchospasm is a deadly complication during general anaesthesia especially immediately after intubation. This presentation is a guide to tackle such a situation.
Anesth considerations of pediatric patient with cardiac shunt for non cardiac...Bhavna Gupta
The large and growing population of patients who are living with CHD requires anaesthesia for non-cardiac surgeries and other procedures.
Knowledge of the pathophysiology of the common CHD lesions, as well as careful preoperative assessment and preparation, and communication with the patient’s cardiologist and surgeon, are essential to provide optimal care in the best setting for these patients.
Complications of anesthesia
This topic aim to provide information on some common clinical condition that occur to the patients after anesthetized required procedure
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
2. Due to anesthesia
Due to surgery
Anesthetic complications depend on the
mode (General or Local) and types of
anesthetic agent used (anesthetic agent
toxicity).
3. DUE TO SURGERY
Perioperative
Complications Postoperative
complications Immediate/early
complications Late
PERIOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS
Refers to problems arising during surgery
4. Due to anesthesia
COMMON COMPLICATIONS OF G.A.
Direct trauma to the mouth
Slow recovery from anesthesia due to drug interactions
or inappropriate choice of drug dosage.
Hypothermia due to long operations with extensive
fluid replacement/cold blood transfusion.
Allergic reaction to anesthetic agent
Minor effect: post-op nausea & vomiting
Major effect: CVS collapse, respiratory depression
5. Respiratory complications
1) Complications of laryngoscopy and intubation
2) Respiratory obstruction
3) Hypoxemia
4) Hypercapnia and hypocapnia
5) Hypoventilation
6) Aspiration pneumonia
6. I- Complications of laryngoscopy
and intubation
1. Errors of ETT positioning
a. Esophageal intubation
b. Endobronchial intubation
c. Position of the cuff in the larynx
mild or severe injury caused by rough and inexperienced use
of laryngoscopes.
These include minor damage to the soft tissues within the
throat which causes a sore throat after the operation to major
injuries to the larynx and pharynx causing permanent
scarring, ulceration and abscesses if left untreated.
Additionally, there is a risk of causing tooth damag
7. 2. Airway trauma:
a. Tooth damage.
b. Dislocated mandible.
c. Sore throat.
d. Pressure injury on trachea.
e. Edema of glottis or trachea.
f. Post intubation granuloma of vocal cords
8. 3. Physiologic responses to airway
instrumentation
a. Sympathetic stimulation
b. Laryngospasm
c. Bronchospasm
4. ETT malfunction:
a. Risk of ignition during laser
surgery
b. ETT obstruction
c. Cuff perforation
9. Signs
1. Inadequate tidal volume.
2. Retraction of the chest wall and of thesupraclavicular, infraclavicular
and suprasternalspaces.
3. Excessive abdominal movement.
4. Use of accessory muscles of respiration.
5. Noisy breathing (unless obstruction is absolute andcomplete).
6. Cyanosis.
7. The natural heave of the chest and abdomen becomesreplaced by an
indrawing of the upper chest and anoutpushing of the abdomen because
of strongdiaphragmatic action.
10. II- Respiratory obstruction
Sites of obstruction
At the lips.
By the tongue
Above the glottis
At the glottis: laryngeal spasm, relaxed
vocalcords and FB.
Bronchospasm
Faults of apparatus: Kink or obstruction
of ETT
11. Upper airway obstruction in PACU
include incomplete anesthetic recovery, laryngospasm,
airway edema, wound hematoma, and vocal cord
paralysis.
Airway obstruction in unconscious patients is most
commonly due to the tongue falling back against the
posterior pharynx.
12. Laryngospasm and laryngeal
edema
A. Definition
Laryngospasm
is a forceful involuntary spasm of the laryngeal
musculature caused by sensory stimulation of the
superior laryngeal nerve.
Triggering stimuli include pharyngeal secretions
extubating in stage 2.
The large negative intrathoracic pressures generated
by the struggling patient in laryngospasm can cause
pulmonary edema
13. B.Treatment of laryngospasm
initial treatment includes 100%oxygen,
anterior mandibular displacement,
and gentle CPAP (maybe applied by face mask).
If laryngospasm persists and hypoxia develops,
succinylcholine (0.25-1.0 mg/kg; 10-20 mg).
Treatment of glottic edema and subglottic edema
administer humidified oxygen by mask,
inhalation of racemic epinephrine,repeated every 20
minutes,
hydrocortisone IV may be considered.
Reintubation with a smaller tube may be helpful
14. III- Hypoxemia
PaO2 less 60 mmHg or SaO2 less 90%
Causes:
1. Decreased FiO2
2. Hypoventilation
3. V/Q mismatch
4. Increased O2 utilization by tissues
5. Tissue hypoxia
Clinical signs of hypoxia
(sweating, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias,hypertension,
and hypotension) are nonspecific;
bradycardia,hypotension, and cardiac arrest are late signs
Treatment
oxygen therapy with or without positive airway pressure.
Additionally, treatment of the cause
15. IV) Hypercapnia
PaCO2 or ETCO2 > 40 mmHg.
Causes:
1-Increased FiCO2
2-Hypoventilation
3-Increased dead space
4-Increased CO2 production by tissues
Treatment:
of the cause
16. V) Hypoventilation
A. Causes
1- Respiratory obstruction
2- Factors affecting the ventilatory drive
a. Respiratory depressant drugs
b. Hypothermia
c. CV stroke
3- Peripheral factors
a. Muscle weakness
b. Pain
c. Decreased diaphragmatic movement.
d. Pneumo or hemothorax.
e. Decreased chest wall compliance e.g. kyphoscoliosis.
B. Hypoventilation in the PACU is most commonly caused by
residual depressant effects of anesthetic agents on respiratory drive or persistent
neuromuscular blockade.
C.Treatment
should be directed at the underlying cause.
Marked hypoventilation may require controlled ventilation until contributory factors are
identified and corrected.