Perception
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This document discusses perception and the factors that influence it. It describes perception as the process of assigning meaning to information from our senses and the world around us. Perception occurs in three steps: sensory input, selective attention, and personal interpretation. Many factors shape our unique perceptions, including values, beliefs, culture, biases, and expectations. The document emphasizes that increasing self-awareness of how we perceive and checking our perceptions against others can lead to more accurate understanding.
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Self-awareness, the foundation of emotional intelligence.
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This document discusses the temperament dimensions of thinking and feeling. It defines temperament as a set of stable traits related to problem solving and conceptualizing the world. Thinking types prefer objectivity and logic while feeling types value sentiment and ethics. Potential relationship conflicts can arise when making decisions that require balancing logic with human impact. The document provides interventions for thinking and feeling types to improve understanding and compromise such as appealing to each other's preferred perspectives.Life skills education
This document provides an overview of 10 core life skills as defined by the World Health Organization: self-awareness, empathy, critical thinking, creative thinking, decision making, problem solving, effective communication, interpersonal relationships, coping with stress, and coping with emotions. It then discusses each of these skills in more detail, providing definitions and strategies. For example, it describes self-awareness as recognizing one's own character, strengths, and weaknesses in order to develop effective communication and relationships. It also outlines tips for improving skills like critical thinking, problem solving, communication, and managing interpersonal relationships. The overall document serves as a guide for developing important soft skills to handle life's circumstances and challenges.
Ch 2 perception, self, communication sscopy(1)
This document discusses perception and its role in communication. It defines perception as the process of using senses to acquire information from the environment. Key points include:
- Perception involves selection, organization, and interpretation of sensory information
- Differences in perception can arise from physiological, experiential, emotional, and cultural factors
- Errors in perception include stereotyping, first impressions, and self-serving biases
- Perception checking involves describing behaviors, suggesting interpretations, and seeking clarification to understand others' perspectives
- Understanding perception is important for effective communication
Introduction to the 7 habits of highly effective
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Communication and Perception Communicating in the Real World .docx
Communication and Perception
Communicating in the Real World
Perception chpt. 2 all sections
http://open.lib.umn.edu/communication/part/chapter-2-communication-and-perception/
Perception Defined
The Perception Process
Attributions
Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
Influences on Perception
Self-Presentation
Improving Perception
Agenda
Perception refers to the processes of selection, organization and interpretation of the information
What we select, the ways we organize it, and the interpretations we assign to it affect the ways we communicate.
Perception Defined
The Perception Process
The Perception Process
Selection occurs when we focus our attention on certain incoming sensory information
We take in information through all five of our senses, but our perceptual field (the world around us) includes so many stimuli that it is impossible for our brains to process and make sense of it all
The Perception Process
1. Selecting
We tend to pay attention to information that is salient
Salience = the degree to which something attracts our attention in a particular context.
The Perception Process
Selection--Salience
It is probably not surprising to learn that visually and/or aurally stimulating things become salient in our perceptual field and get our attention
We tend to select stimuli with certain characteristics:
Intensity--stimuli with intensity-a loud bang
Size--stimuli that are large in size-very tall or very small
Contrast stimuli that contrast with surroundings-a noise in the library
Repetition Repetition--stimuli that are repeated http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_SwD7RveNE
The Perception Process
Selection—Visual and Aural Stimulation
We tend to pay attention to information that we perceive to meet our needs or interests in some way
This type of selective attention can help us meet instrumental needs and get things done
Example: You are need to study for an exam but your friends are playing video games—your need to study may allow you to shut out the game sounds
The Perception Process
Selecting—Needs and Interests
We can find expected things salient
We also find things that are unexpected salient.
The Perception Process
Selecting--Expectations
Organization occurs when we sort and categorize information that we perceive based on innate and learned cognitive patterns
Three ways we sort things into patterns are by using proximity, similarity, and difference
The Perception Process
2. Organizing
Proximity is when we tend to think that things that are close together go together
Similarity is when we tend to think similar-looking or similar-acting things belong together
Difference is when we assume that the item that looks or acts different from the rest doesn’t belong with the group
Perceptual errors involving people and assumptions of difference can be especially awkward, if not offensive
The Perception Process
Organizing: Proximity, Similarity & Difference
.
Communication and Perception Communicating in the Real World .docx
Communication and Perception
Communicating in the Real World
Perception chpt. 2 all sections
http://open.lib.umn.edu/communication/part/chapter-2-communication-and-perception/
Perception Defined
The Perception Process
Attributions
Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
Influences on Perception
Self-Presentation
Improving Perception
Agenda
Perception refers to the processes of selection, organization and interpretation of the information
What we select, the ways we organize it, and the interpretations we assign to it affect the ways we communicate.
Perception Defined
The Perception Process
The Perception Process
Selection occurs when we focus our attention on certain incoming sensory information
We take in information through all five of our senses, but our perceptual field (the world around us) includes so many stimuli that it is impossible for our brains to process and make sense of it all
The Perception Process
1. Selecting
We tend to pay attention to information that is salient
Salience = the degree to which something attracts our attention in a particular context.
The Perception Process
Selection--Salience
It is probably not surprising to learn that visually and/or aurally stimulating things become salient in our perceptual field and get our attention
We tend to select stimuli with certain characteristics:
Intensity--stimuli with intensity-a loud bang
Size--stimuli that are large in size-very tall or very small
Contrast stimuli that contrast with surroundings-a noise in the library
Repetition Repetition--stimuli that are repeated http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_SwD7RveNE
The Perception Process
Selection—Visual and Aural Stimulation
We tend to pay attention to information that we perceive to meet our needs or interests in some way
This type of selective attention can help us meet instrumental needs and get things done
Example: You are need to study for an exam but your friends are playing video games—your need to study may allow you to shut out the game sounds
The Perception Process
Selecting—Needs and Interests
We can find expected things salient
We also find things that are unexpected salient.
The Perception Process
Selecting--Expectations
Organization occurs when we sort and categorize information that we perceive based on innate and learned cognitive patterns
Three ways we sort things into patterns are by using proximity, similarity, and difference
The Perception Process
2. Organizing
Proximity is when we tend to think that things that are close together go together
Similarity is when we tend to think similar-looking or similar-acting things belong together
Difference is when we assume that the item that looks or acts different from the rest doesn’t belong with the group
Perceptual errors involving people and assumptions of difference can be especially awkward, if not offensive
The Perception Process
Organizing: Proximity, Similarity & Difference
.
Communication and Perception Communicating in the Real World .docx
This document discusses perception and its role in communication. It defines perception as the process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting information. It discusses how perception involves selective attention to salient stimuli, organizing information through proximity, similarity and difference, and interpreting behaviors through attribution biases and schemata. The document also addresses how self-concept, social influences, and stereotypes impact perception formation. It suggests strategies for improving perception like perception checking and avoiding self-fulfilling prophecies.
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Perception
- 2. Perception • The process you use to assign meaning to data about yourself or the world around you. • Much of your self-talk is based on your perceptions.
- 3. Personal Since each person is unique, his or her perceptions are highly personal and individualized.
- 4. Three Steps of Perception 1. Sensory An individual’s ability to detect stimuli in the immediate environment. (Seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting and touching) 2. Selective The process a person uses to eliminate some of the stimuli that have been sensed and to retain others for further processing. 3. Personal Organizing and sorting the data to which to pay attention.
- 6. Factors that Influence Perception Values Beliefs Culture Bias Prejudice Attitudes Expectations Knowledge Communication skills
- 7. Your Perception is Unique Do you and your classmates have the same perception of the following images?
- 10. Stare at the middle of the circle. What color is the spinning dot?
- 12. Increasing Accuracy in Perception Perceive critically: For example, recognize your role in perception, avoid early conclusions, and avoid mind reading. Check your perceptions; describe what you see or hear and ask for confirmation. Be culturally sensitive; recognize the differences between you and others and also the differences among people from another culture.
- 13. Stereotypes A fixed impression about a group, may influence your perceptions of individual members; you may see individuals only as members of the group instead of as unique individuals.
- 14. Stereotypes Who is the convicted felon?
- 15. Perspective Taking the perspective of the other person and looking at the world through this perspective, this point of view, rather than through your own is crucial in achieving mutual understanding.
- 16. Analyzing Perceptions Everyone sees him or herself, others, events, and the world from a different viewpoint. How do you know you really saw what you think you saw or heard what you think you heard? The secret to checking perceptions is never to assume that the truth is the actual, absolute truth.
- 17. Questions for checking perception Do I stay alert? Do I strive for sensory awareness? Am I making conscious choices about what to tune in or out? Do my choices focus on what is most important rather than what is most obvious? Am I easily distracted? Am I aware of factors that influence my self-talk? Do I ask myself”Is this really what I saw or heard or merely what I told myself I saw or heard? Do I compare my perceptions to the perceptions of others to check for accuracy?
- 18. Take Responsibity for Your Own Communication If you feel your message is not understood, it is your responsibility to check the receiver’s perceptions. Ask questions to make sure the receiver got your intended message. Perception checking will make your interpersonal communication more effective.