This document describes a peer-to-peer messaging system built using the JXTA platform. The system allows instant messages to be sent between peers in a decentralized JXTA network. JXTA defines protocols for peer-to-peer communication, where all peers have equal status and can request or provide services. The system includes a JXTA relay that receives commands from J2ME clients, performs actions on their behalf, and represents the clients on the JXTA network by discovering peers and routing messages. The goal of the project is to enable instant messaging between peers in a peer-to-peer manner without a centralized server.
University management System project report..pdfKamal Acharya
N-Grade deals with the maintenance of university, department, faculty, student information within the university. N-Grade is an automation system, which is used to store the department, faculty, student, courses and information of a university.
Starting from registration of a new student in the university, it maintains all the details regarding the attendance and marks of the students. The project deals with retrieval of information through an INTRANET based campus wide portal. It collects related information from all the departments of an organization and maintains files, which are used to generate reports in various forms to measure individual and overall performance of the students.
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Object-oriented data base systems are proposed as alternative to relational systems and are aimed at application domains where complex objects play a central role.
The approach is heavily influenced by object-oriented programming languages and can be understood as an attempt to add DBMS functionality to a programming language environment
University management System project report..pdfKamal Acharya
N-Grade deals with the maintenance of university, department, faculty, student information within the university. N-Grade is an automation system, which is used to store the department, faculty, student, courses and information of a university.
Starting from registration of a new student in the university, it maintains all the details regarding the attendance and marks of the students. The project deals with retrieval of information through an INTRANET based campus wide portal. It collects related information from all the departments of an organization and maintains files, which are used to generate reports in various forms to measure individual and overall performance of the students.
Overview of Object-Oriented Concepts Characteristics by vikas jagtapVikas Jagtap
Object-oriented data base systems are proposed as alternative to relational systems and are aimed at application domains where complex objects play a central role.
The approach is heavily influenced by object-oriented programming languages and can be understood as an attempt to add DBMS functionality to a programming language environment
ER diagrams for blood bank management systemSoham Nanekar
It contains information for the blood bank management system,it's scope, requirements specification.
It also contains ER digram,use case diagram,class digram, sequence digram, collaboration digram, activity digram ,state chart digram, component digram and deployment digram for blood bank management system.
This chapter will help you to demonstrate the working of the online blood bank system with the help of the diagrams, it includes DFD's ,architecture,block diagrams,ER-diagrams and state transition,table structure Etc.
The Relational Data Model and Relational Database Constraints Ch5 (Navathe 4t...Raj vardhan
The Relational Data Model and Relational Database Constraints
Ch5 (Navathe 4th edition)/ Ch7 (Navathe 3rd edition)
Example of STUDENT Relation(figure 5.1)
OOP Unit 1 - Foundation of Object- Oriented Programmingdkpawar
Foundation of object oriented programing-
Introduction to procedural, modular, object-oriented and generic programming techniques
Limitations of procedural programming
Need of object-oriented programming
fundamentals of object-oriented programming:
objects, classes, data members, methods, messages, data encapsulation, data abstraction and information hiding, inheritance, polymorphism.
Inline functions
Function overloading
call by value and call by reference, return by reference,
Peer-to-peer Systems – Introduction – Napster and its legacy – Peer-to-peer – Middleware – Routing overlays. Overlay case studies: Pastry, Tapestry- Distributed File Systems –Introduction – File service architecture – Andrew File system. File System: Features-File model -File accessing models – File sharing semantics Naming: Identifiers, Addresses, Name Resolution – Name Space Implementation – Name Caches – LDAP.
ER diagrams for blood bank management systemSoham Nanekar
It contains information for the blood bank management system,it's scope, requirements specification.
It also contains ER digram,use case diagram,class digram, sequence digram, collaboration digram, activity digram ,state chart digram, component digram and deployment digram for blood bank management system.
This chapter will help you to demonstrate the working of the online blood bank system with the help of the diagrams, it includes DFD's ,architecture,block diagrams,ER-diagrams and state transition,table structure Etc.
The Relational Data Model and Relational Database Constraints Ch5 (Navathe 4t...Raj vardhan
The Relational Data Model and Relational Database Constraints
Ch5 (Navathe 4th edition)/ Ch7 (Navathe 3rd edition)
Example of STUDENT Relation(figure 5.1)
OOP Unit 1 - Foundation of Object- Oriented Programmingdkpawar
Foundation of object oriented programing-
Introduction to procedural, modular, object-oriented and generic programming techniques
Limitations of procedural programming
Need of object-oriented programming
fundamentals of object-oriented programming:
objects, classes, data members, methods, messages, data encapsulation, data abstraction and information hiding, inheritance, polymorphism.
Inline functions
Function overloading
call by value and call by reference, return by reference,
Peer-to-peer Systems – Introduction – Napster and its legacy – Peer-to-peer – Middleware – Routing overlays. Overlay case studies: Pastry, Tapestry- Distributed File Systems –Introduction – File service architecture – Andrew File system. File System: Features-File model -File accessing models – File sharing semantics Naming: Identifiers, Addresses, Name Resolution – Name Space Implementation – Name Caches – LDAP.
It covers
Definition and Objectives of computer networks
Networking models : Peer-to-Peer and Client-Server
Types of Networks : PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN
Networking Topologies: MESH, STAR, RING, BUS, HYBRID
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
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Peer to Peer Network with its Architecture, Types, and Examples!!DigitalThinkerHelp
Today, here we are going to cover all possible things about is peer to peer network with its architecture and types; involving with several examples of peer to peer network with ease.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Analysis of threats and security issues evaluation in mobile P2P networks IJECEIAES
Technically, mobile P2P network system architecture can consider as a distributed architecture system (like a community), where the nodes or users can share all or some of their own software and hardware resources such as (applications store, processing time, storage, network bandwidth) with the other nodes (users) through Internet, and these resources can be accessible directly by the nodes in that system without the need of a central coordination node. The main structure of our proposed network architecture is that all the nodes are symmetric in their functions. In this work, the security issues of mobile P2P network system architecture such as (web threats, attacks and encryption) will be discussed deeply and then we propose different approaches and we analysis and evaluation of these mobile P2P network security issues and submit some proposal solutions to resolve the related problems with threats and other different attacks since these threats and attacks will be serious issue as networks are growing up especially with mobility attribute in current P2P networks.
This presentation is about:
Uses of Networking.
Various types of networking.
Applications used for networking.
Methods of network security.
Methods of communication -2G,3G,4G,Fiber Optics
Transmission Media.
Various types of protocols.
Cloud Computing
Protection against Viruses.
Final year M.E, IEEE PROJECTS, TITLES, 2014-2015 Final year IEEE PROJECTS, TITLES 2014-2015, Final year M.TECH IEEE PROJECTS TITLES, 2014-2015 Final, year B.E, ieee project,
Final year M.E IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year M.TECH IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year B.E IEEE
Final year M.E IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year M.TECH IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year B.E IEEE
Final year M.E IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year M.TECH IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year B.E IEEE
Final year M.E IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year M.TECH IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year B.E IEEE
Final year M.E IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year M.TECH IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year B.E IEEE
Final year M.E IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year M.TECH IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year B.E IEEE
Final year M.E IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year M.TECH IEEE PROJECTS TITLES 2014-2015 Final year B.E IEEE
Spring tutorial for beginners - Learn Java Spring Framework version 3.1.0 starting from environment setup, inversion of control (IoC), dependency injection, bean scopes, bean life cycle, inner beans, autowiring, different modules, aspect oriented programming (AOP), database access (JDBC), Transaction Management, Web MVC framework, Web Flow, Exception handling, EJB integration and Sending email etc.
Banking managment
Bug Tracking
Chat-Server-system
College Information System
CourierInformationSystem
CYBER_SHOPPING
Data Centric Knowledge Management System
Distributed Cycle Minimization Protocol
E-COMMERCE Mechanism
Finance Managment
Global intractive solutins
Health Center System
IntranetChatting
MobileService management
NetConferening
online order processing system with AJAX enabled
OnLineExam process
web based Manufacturing
WEBREPORTING PROCESS
Andhra Pradesh State Finance Corporation (APSFC)
Classifieds
Customer Relationship Management for AIRLINE Industry
DataMart Management Software
E Procurement System
e-Classifieds
Ecommerce shopping cart
Elearn
Employee Resource Info sys
ENTERPRISE REOURCE PLANNING MANAGEMENT
e-Shopping
E-TRANSACTION_Totalproj
EWheelz
EzeeMail system
foresty management system
Fuji Distribution
global communication
GLOBAL COMMUNICATION MEDIA
Google map-wc
GovtSchemes-wc
human resource management system
Info ware Services
Insurance
Intranet Mailing System
Intrusion Detection System over Abnormal Internet Sequence
Lending Tree
Master and Science Research Center
Matrimony.com
MediTracker
MingleSpot
net-banking
On-line java compiler with security editor
ONLINE_EXAMS_POJECT
OnlineBanking
OnlineLibrary
PayRoll
Pharmacy system
product service management system
Project online music application
project status info system
project status information system
Resource out Sourcing
ResourcePlanner
SecuredNetAuction
ShoutBox
smartcard
SpeedAge
Status Information System
StockAnalyzer
stores management system
TelecomConnectionSystem-wc
Univesity Admission System
Web-Based Library
Mumbai Academics is Mumbai’s first dedicated Professional Training Center for Training with Spoke and hub model with Multiple verticles . The strong foundation of Mumbai Academics is laid by highly skilled and trained Professionals, carrying mission to provide industry level input to the freshers and highly skilled and trained Software Professionals/other professional to IT companies.
Mumbai Academics is Mumbai’s first dedicated Professional Training Center for Training with Spoke and hub model with Multiple verticles . The strong foundation of Mumbai Academics is laid by highly skilled and trained Professionals, carrying mission to provide industry level input to the freshers and highly skilled and trained Software Professionals/other professional to IT companies.
Mumbai Academics is Mumbai’s first dedicated Professional Training Center for Training with Spoke and hub model with Multiple verticles . The strong foundation of Mumbai Academics is laid by highly skilled and trained Professionals, carrying mission to provide industry level input to the freshers and highly skilled and trained Software Professionals/other professional to IT companies.
Mumbai Academics is Mumbai’s first dedicated Professional Training Center for Training with Spoke and hub model with Multiple verticles . The strong foundation of Mumbai Academics is laid by highly skilled and trained Professionals, carrying mission to provide industry level input to the freshers and highly skilled and trained Software Professionals/other professional to IT companies.
Mumbai Academics is Mumbai’s first dedicated Professional Training Center for Training with Spoke and hub model with Multiple verticles . The strong foundation of Mumbai Academics is laid by highly skilled and trained Professionals, carrying mission to provide industry level input to the freshers and highly skilled and trained Software Professionals/other professional to IT companies.
Mumbai Academics is Mumbai’s first dedicated Professional Training Center for Training with Spoke and hub model with Multiple verticles . The strong foundation of Mumbai Academics is laid by highly skilled and trained Professionals, carrying mission to provide industry level input to the freshers and highly skilled and trained Software Professionals/other professional to IT companies.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
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Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
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We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
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Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
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This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
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2. ABSTRACT
The project titled
peer-to-peer Messaging presents the development
of an instant messaging application based on the concept of peer-topeer
networking
using
JXTA
platform.
P2P
(or
peer-to-peer)
networking is a network model where, depending on an operation's
context, any node can operate as either a server or a client. The P2P
architecture is a decentralized architecture, where neither client nor
server status exists in a network. Every entity in the network, referred
to as a peer, has equal status, meaning that an entity can either
request a service or provide a service. The main goal of this project is
to send instant messages to peers in the JXTA network using JXTA
relay.
JXTA defines a set of protocols to enable a framework for peerto-peer computing. All JXTA network users are peers to each other .
Peers communicate with each other to perform different tasks (such
as searching for new peers). Peer identifiers uniquely identify the peer
on the JXTA network The JXTA relay can accept client commands and
act upon the commands on the client's behalf. The relay acts as a
junction between the JXTA networks and peers.
JXTA has defined the data communication protocols that enable
messaging between a relay and a client. The JXTA relay receives
commands from a J2ME client, performs what's necessary on the
client's behalf, and represents a JXME client on the JXTA network. The
JXME client send messages to the relay. The relay discovers the peer
and route the messages to the destination.
2
3. INTRODUCTION
The traditional approach to information systems,
accessed by users by means of powerful devices (such as desktops
and laptops) with known features, will not be anymore significant in
the future years. Indeed, the current trend suggests that it will be
possible to offer continuous access to all information sources, from all
locations and through various kinds of devices, mainly small and
mobile (e.g., palmtops and PDAs, cellular phones). Therefore, the need
emerges for the design of applications for smart devices, which are
highly flexible, capable of exploiting in an optimal way the resources.
This Project analyzes the opportunity to design, develop and deploy
interactive applications running on smart cellular phones (commonly
referred to as smart phones), based on a peer-to-peer communication
model and GPRS technology.
PEER-TO-PEER (P2P) TECHNOLOGY enables any
network-aware device to provide services to another network-aware
device. A device in a P2P network can provide access to any type of
resource that it has at its disposal, whether documents, storage
capacity, computing power, or even its own human operator.
In the client/server architecture, clients request services and
servers provide those services. A variety of servers exist in today's
Internet -- Web servers, mail servers, FTP servers, and so on. The
client/server architecture is an example of a centralized architecture,
where the whole network depends on central points, namely servers,
to provide services. Regardless of the number of browsers or clients,
the network can exist only if a server exists.
3
4. CLIENT-SERVER MODEL
Like the client/server architecture, P2P is also a
distributed computing model, but there is an important difference. The
P2P architecture is a decentralized architecture where neither client
nor server status exists in a network. Every entity in the network,
referred to as a peer, has equal status, meaning that an entity can
either request a service (a client trait) or provide a service (a server
trait). Figure 2 illustrates a P2P network.
4
5. PEER-TO-PEER MODEL
Though peers all have equal status in the network, they don't all
necessarily have equal physical capabilities. A P2P network might
consist of peers with varying capabilities, from mobile devices to
mainframes. A mobile peer might not be able to act as a server due to
its intrinsic limitations, even though the network does not restrict it in
any way.
Although P2P might sound like a dot-com fad, the
technology is a natural extension of the Internet’s philosophy of
robustness through decentralization. In the same manner that the
5
6. Internet provides domain name lookup (DNS), World Wide Web, email,
and other services by spreading responsibility among millions of
servers, P2P has the capacity to power a whole new set of robust
applications by leveraging resources spread across all corners of the
Internet.
P2P networks shun the centralized organization of
the client/server architecture and instead employ a flat, highly
interconnected architecture. By allowing intermittently connected
computers to find each other, P2P enables these machines to act as
both clients and servers that can determine the services available on
the P2P network and engage those services in some application
specific manner. The main advantage of P2P networks is that they
distribute the responsibility of providing services among all peers on
the network; this eliminates service outage due to a single point of
failure and provides a more scalable solution for offering services. In
addition, P2P networks exploit
available bandwidth across the entire network by using a variety of
communication channels and by filling bandwidth to the “edge” of the
Internet. Unlike traditional client/server communications, P2P enables
communication via a variety of network routes, thereby reducing
network congestion.
P2P is the key to realizing this potential, giving
individual machines a mechanism for providing services to each other.
Unlike the client/server architecture, P2P networks don’t rely on a
centralized server to provide access to services, and they usually
operate outside the domain name system.
6
7. P2P has the capability of serving resources with
high availability at a much lower cost while maximizing the use of
resources from every peer connected to the P2P network. Whereas
client/server solutions rely on the addition of costly bandwidth,
equipment, and co-location facilities to maintain a robust solution, P2P
can offer a similar level of robustness by spreading network and
resource demands across the P2P network.
Unfortunately, P2P suffers from some disadvantages
due to the redundant nature of a P2P network’s structure. The
distributed form of communications channels in P2P networks results
in service requests that are nondeterministic in nature. For example,
clients requesting the exact same resource from the P2P network
might
connect
to
entirely
different
machines
via
different
communication routes, with different results. Requests sent via a P2P
network might not result in an immediate response and, in some
cases, might not result in any response. Resources on a P2P network
can disappear at times as the clients that host those resources
disconnect from the network; this is different from the services
provided by the traditional Internet, which have most resources
continuously available. P2P overcomes this disadvantage by providing
redundant access to a resource.
7
8. Existing System
In the client/server architecture, clients request services and
servers provide those services. Clients connect to a server using a
specific communications protocol, such as the File Transfer Protocol
(FTP), to obtain access to a specific resource. Most of the processing
involved in delivering a service usually occurs on the server, leaving
the client relatively unburdened.
The client in the client/server
architecture acts in a passive role, capable of demanding services from
servers but incapable of providing services to other clients. This model
of service delivery was developed at a time when most machines on
the Internet had a resolvable static IP address, meaning that all
machines on the Internet could find each other easily using a simple
name.
Limitations of the current system
The disadvantage of using client-server architecture is that
as the number of clients increases, the load and bandwidth demands
on the server also increase, eventually preventing the server from
handling additional clients.
Objective
The main objective of this project is to send instant messages
within a peer group in a decentralized network using JXTA technology.
8
9. Proposed System
The existing system operated on a client/server
mechanism
in
which
a
centralized
server
is
required.
While
communicating between the peer members in the JXTA network i.e.,
the proposed system, a peer name has to be given by the user in the
configurator window. The user is identified in the network using the
peer id. The peer member can secure his identification using the
password. The user should have an idea regarding the identification of
another person. Thorough knowledge of
identifying the members,
adding the peers in the network, deleting the members from the
network are required.
9
10. Hardware & Software Requirements
•
Pentium IV Processor – 2 GHZ
•
NIC – 32 Bit Ethernet Card
•
40 GB HDD
•
256 MB DDR RAM
•
Mobile Phone
•
JXTA Proxy Server
•
J2SDK 1.4.2_06
•
J2ME WTK 2.0
•
Windows 2000 Server
10
11. The project Peer-to-Peer Messaging is divided into three major
modules:
•
Element
•
Message
•
Peer Network
ELEMENT MODULE
The Element represents a single element of the JXME
message. The JXME implementation uses the Element to author JXME
messages. A pure P2P system does not require the existence of any
centralized servers or resources to operate. Therefore, a P2P system
must not rely on any centrally administered naming or addressing
system.
The first module of the project deals with entering the
member into the JXTA network and to enable them to chat with other
members of the group. Batch file called myjxta will be run first. In the
advanced settings tab, TCP option has to be enabled. Incoming and
outgoing connections has to be enabled. Port number of the system
has to be provided in the http settings. The peer who wants to become
the member of the JXTA group will enter with the peer name. Only
authenticated users can enter the network as password is required. In
the relay host, proxy id should be given for communicating with the
other peer. When all the settings are completed, the peer member has
entered the network and is ready to communicate with all members in
the NetPeerGroup.
MESSAGE MODULE
The message module is designed for the peer members to
communicate with each other in the network. JXME does not define
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12. any special request message that explicitly asks the relay to send one
or more response messages it has for the JXME client. The JXME client
continues to send requests (for example, a peer group join request, a
pipe creation request, or a search query) or other outbound messages
to the relay. The relay avails these requests as opportunities to send
any incoming message to the JXME client in response to a request. The
JXME client uses the request Id element in the response message to
find out which request this response corresponds to.
JXTA peers use pipes to send messages to one another. Pipes
are an asynchronous and unidirectional message transfer mechanism
used for service communication. Pipes are indiscriminate; they support
the transfer of any object, including binary code, data strings, and
Java technology-based objects. The pipe endpoints are referred to as
the input pipe (the receiving end) and the output pipe (the sending
end). Pipe endpoints are dynamically bound to peer endpoints at
runtime.
Peer
endpoints
correspond
to
available
peer
network
interfaces (e.g., a TCP port and associated IP address) that can be
used to send and receive message. JXTA pipes can
have endpoints that are connected to different peers at different times,
or may not be connected at all.
PEER NETWORK MODULE
The Peer Network contains the methods to allow the JXME
communication
with
the
relay.
The
Peer
Network
is
like
a
communication module that internally uses different Message and
Element objects and handles all communication with the relay. Peer
Network has methods to perform the various tasks between the relay
and the mobile client. The Peer Network manages all the messages
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13. and maintains the support tasks, maintaining the identity of various
messages exchanged between the relay and the client.
The third module deals with the implementation of communication
between JXTA peers in the midlet. Proxy id should be given and the
peer enters the group with a peer name. There are various options like
sending the message, reply, connect to the relay, Buddy list,
configuration
and
default
settings.
Using
the
various
options,
messages can be sent, reply can be sent to the received message and
connection can be established with the relay. Using the buddy list
menu, members can chat, new members can be added to the group
and the members can also leave the group.
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