The document discusses intellectual property rights and patenting processes. It provides information on different types of intellectual property including patents, designs, trademarks, and copyrights. It describes the patent application process in India, including requirements for filing a patent application, contents of a patent application, and the patent granting procedure. Key requirements for patentability discussed are that an invention must be new, non-obvious, and capable of industrial application.
Find out how the European Patent Office works right from the source. As a result of the EPO team's visit at TechHub Bucharest on September 11, we're sharing useful information on patenting processes in the EU.
Procedure For Registration Of Trademark In IndiaStartupwala
Procedure for Registration of Trademark in India, How to register trademark in India Guide, Brand and logo protection in India, registration of logo in India, How to apply for your TRADEMARK in India, Why to file Trademark, benefits of trademark application.
IPFlair provides the best patent consultant in India with the online patent filing process. So get patented today with IPFlair and boost up your business strategy.
Find out how the European Patent Office works right from the source. As a result of the EPO team's visit at TechHub Bucharest on September 11, we're sharing useful information on patenting processes in the EU.
Procedure For Registration Of Trademark In IndiaStartupwala
Procedure for Registration of Trademark in India, How to register trademark in India Guide, Brand and logo protection in India, registration of logo in India, How to apply for your TRADEMARK in India, Why to file Trademark, benefits of trademark application.
IPFlair provides the best patent consultant in India with the online patent filing process. So get patented today with IPFlair and boost up your business strategy.
The presentation herein, on the European Patent Process, was delivered by Mr. Nitin Nair at the National Law School of India University, Bangalore, for Senior Officials of the Ministry of MSME, Government of India. For more information about the presentation or the event you may contact the Sinapse team at sinapse@bananaip.com.
BananaIP Counsels
Regd Office
No.40,3rd Main Road,JC Industrial Estate,
Kanakapura Road,Bangalore – 560 062.
Email: contact@bananaip.com
Telephone: +91-80-26860414 /24/34
A Patent is an intellectual property right relating to inventions and is the grant of exclusive right, for limited period, provided by the Government to the patentee, in exchange of full disclosure of his invention, for excluding others, from making, using, selling, importing the patented product or process producing that product for those purposes.
Patents and Biotechnology- A Presentation by Dr. Kalyan Kankanala - BananaIPBananaIP Counsels
Patents and Biotechnology- A Presentation by Dr. Kalyan Kankanala - BananaIP
BananaIP Counsels, formerly Brain League IP Services, founded in 2004 at the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Bangalore’s incubation center (NSRCEL), is recognized as an IP/Patent trailblazer in India. The firm’s mission is to help clients maximize business value from their Intellectual Property (IP)/Patents, and gain competitive advantage in the market place. In its evolution from Brain League, BananaIP carries forward the firm’s core values – Merger of Technology,Management and Law, Swift Adaptation to changes in competitive environment, and business driven approach to Intellectual Property (IP)/Patent Services.
Contact Us for Intellectual Property Services
BananaIP Counsels
Regd Office
No.40,3rd Main Road,JC Industrial Estate,
Kanakapura Road,Bangalore – 560 062.
Email: contact@bananaip.com
Telephone: +91-80-26860414 /24/34
Patenting is Prestigious –
I did it!
And I was first!
Develop reputation in the market
Easy Publication – no editors.
Promotion of Research & Development
Revenue through licensing/assignment/commercialization.
Prevent competitors from copying
The presentation herein, on the European Patent Process, was delivered by Mr. Nitin Nair at the National Law School of India University, Bangalore, for Senior Officials of the Ministry of MSME, Government of India. For more information about the presentation or the event you may contact the Sinapse team at sinapse@bananaip.com.
BananaIP Counsels
Regd Office
No.40,3rd Main Road,JC Industrial Estate,
Kanakapura Road,Bangalore – 560 062.
Email: contact@bananaip.com
Telephone: +91-80-26860414 /24/34
A Patent is an intellectual property right relating to inventions and is the grant of exclusive right, for limited period, provided by the Government to the patentee, in exchange of full disclosure of his invention, for excluding others, from making, using, selling, importing the patented product or process producing that product for those purposes.
Patents and Biotechnology- A Presentation by Dr. Kalyan Kankanala - BananaIPBananaIP Counsels
Patents and Biotechnology- A Presentation by Dr. Kalyan Kankanala - BananaIP
BananaIP Counsels, formerly Brain League IP Services, founded in 2004 at the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Bangalore’s incubation center (NSRCEL), is recognized as an IP/Patent trailblazer in India. The firm’s mission is to help clients maximize business value from their Intellectual Property (IP)/Patents, and gain competitive advantage in the market place. In its evolution from Brain League, BananaIP carries forward the firm’s core values – Merger of Technology,Management and Law, Swift Adaptation to changes in competitive environment, and business driven approach to Intellectual Property (IP)/Patent Services.
Contact Us for Intellectual Property Services
BananaIP Counsels
Regd Office
No.40,3rd Main Road,JC Industrial Estate,
Kanakapura Road,Bangalore – 560 062.
Email: contact@bananaip.com
Telephone: +91-80-26860414 /24/34
Patenting is Prestigious –
I did it!
And I was first!
Develop reputation in the market
Easy Publication – no editors.
Promotion of Research & Development
Revenue through licensing/assignment/commercialization.
Prevent competitors from copying
IPR provide certain exclusive rights to the inventors or creators of that property, in order to enable them to reap commercial benefits from their creative efforts or reputation. There are several types of intellectual property protection like patent, copyright, trademark, etc.
To understand the basic of intellectual property rights like Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights and related rights, Geographical Indications, Industrial Designs,Trade Secrets, Layout Design for Integrated Circuits, Protection of New Plant Variety. by the way of that to understand how to protect this property and use in business
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
2. INVENTION
Invention is a successful technical
solution to a technical problem.
To be granted a Patent,
An invention must be
new,
non-obvious and
capable of
industrial application
2
3. Different Ways Of Dealing With An
Invention:
3
•Make it public for free use by
public (like publishing in the
journal) Or
•Work the invention in SECRECY
without PATENTING it (like coco-
cola composition)
Or
•Work the invention OPENLY
without PATENTING it (directly put
it in the market)
Or
•EXPLOIT the invention on the
basis of a PATENT (like Rank Xerox
)
4. CD PLAYER
4
Industrial design protection
for 3D shape
Brand name- registered
under trademark
Music played on the
CD player is protected
by copyright
Various
technical parts
& mechanisms
are subject
mater of
protection
under Patents
4
6. 6
A patent is a Monopoly Right granted
•For an invention
•By the government
•To the inventor or his assignee
•For a limited period
•It is valid within the country of
grant
7. What Does Patent System Do ?
7
Patents for progress
It encourages RESEARCH.
Induces an inventor to disclose his
inventions
instead of keeping them as secret.
Provides inducement for capital
investment
encouraging technological
8. Advantages Of A Patent To The
Public
8
•Knowledge of invention
adds to scientific
background forming
base for future research
•Reasonable assurance
for
commercialization
•Patent- open tp public
for use
•After its term expires
or
•When it ceases to be in
9. Patents Not Only For Major
Technological Breakthrough..such as
•LAZLO biro’s - ball point pen
•Ring – pull for cans of
beverages
# But even for any small ‘
incremental ’
inventions.
•Individuals or Companies-
normally do not clearly
recognize the “TRUE MARKET
VALUE” for a particular
invention.
9
10. Why do You need “Patent Information”?
•Size of the resource-enormous and wide-
Every area of technology is covered.
•80% Not published elsewhere
•FIRST PUBLICATION: Inventions disclosed
in patents well before being published in any
other type of document
Invention Patent published First
publication in any form
Punched card 1889
1914
Television 1923
1928
Jet engine 1936
1946 10
11. Patent Record Holders
Edison (Born 1847)
credited for phonograph, the kinetoscope,
the dictaphone, radio, the electric lamp, the
autographic printer, the tattoo machine,
carbon microphone. Most of these
inventions were improvements of earlier
inventions. He holds 2,332 patents, including
1084 utility patents (patents for inventions)
and 9 artistic design patents.
Hunpei Yamazaki (Born 1942)
a Japanese inventor in the field of computer
12. 12
Silverbrook (Born 1958)
an Australian inventor, scientist, 9,797 patents
on
digital music synthesis, digital video, digital
printing, digital paper, internet commerce,
computer graphics, liquid crystal
displays, robotics, 3D fabrication, organic
chemistry, DNA analysis, lab-on-a-chip, solar
photovoltaics, software, image processing,
Microelectromechanical
systems, mechanicalengineering, cryptography,
sensors, nanotechnology, microfluidics, polyme
rs, fault tolerance, parallel
processing, semiconductor fabrication,
18. Protection Of Intellectual Property In
India
(Patents, Designs, Trade Marks & Copyrights)
18
Sr.JOINT
CONTROLLER
OF PATENTS
AND DESIGNS
JOINT
REGISTAR OF
TRADEMARK
MINISTRY OF COMMERCE
AND INDUSTRY
MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURSE
DEVELOPMENT
DEPT. OF INDUSTRIAL
POLICY & PROMOTION
DEPT. OF EDUCATION
CONTROLLER GENERAL OF
PATENTS, DESIGNS & TRADE MARKS
PATENT
OFFICE
TRADE MARKS
REGISTRY
COPYRIGHT OFFICE
REGISTAR OF
COPYRIGHT
GIR
20. 20
•Criteria for Patentability
–New & useful
–Non-obvious
–Capable of Industrial
Applications
•Patents Act specifies
–What are not
inventions?
–What are not
patentable inventions?
•How to get that monopoly
right?
22. 22
Patent Grant Procedure
1) Filing of Patent
application
2) Examination and
Novelty search
3) Acceptance or refusal
4) Notification of
“acceptance” in
gazette of India
5) Opposition ( If any)
22
23. 23
Contents of Patent Application (To be
submitted in duplicate)
1. Application for grant of patent in Form-1.
2. Provisional / complete specification in Form-2.
3. Statement and undertaking under Section 8 in
Form-3, if
applicable. (An applicant must file Form 3
either along with the
application or within 6 months from the date of
Application)
4. Declaration as to inventorship in Form 5
5. Power of authority in Form-26 ( if filed through
a Patent Agent. )
6. Abstract
24. 24
10) Signature of the applicant or authorized person /
Patent Agent along with name and date .
11) The Specification and drawings shall be signed by
the agent/applicant with date.
For biological patents
1) For biological material obtained from India, the
applicant is required to submit the permission from the
National Biodiversity Authority any time before the grant
of the patent.
2) Indicate clearly the source of geographical origin of
any biological material used in the Specification.
26. 26
E-filing:
1. Facility to file a Patent Application online from the
native place of the agent.
2. Applicant / agent must have a digital signature. For the
first time, applicant /
agent has to register as a new user and has to create
login ID and
password on the Patent office portal.
(http://www.ipindia.nic.in).
3. A preliminary Software (Client Software) has to be
installed on the host computer and all the relevant in soft
copy have to be uploaded.
27. 27
Language
Documents shall be written or typewritten or printed either
in Hindi or in English language and legible characters with
deep indelible ink with lines widely spaced upon.
Paper size
One side of strong white paper of a size A4 with a margin
of at least 4 centimeters on the top and left hand part and 3
centimeters on the bottom and right hand part thereof.
Lines spacing of 1 .5 or double space in non-script type
font preferably in a font size of 12.
Signature
Any signature which is not legible or which is written in a
script other than Hindi or English shall be accompanied by
a transcription of the name either in Hindi or in English in
34. 34
Title of Patent
The title should be sufficiently indicative of the subject
matter of the
invention and shall disclose the specific features of the
invention.
It shall be brief, free from fancy expressions or
ambiguity and as precise and definite as possible, and
should not ordinarily exceed fifteen words.
The following are not permissible in the title:
Inventor’s name,
the word ‘Patent’,
words in other languages,
The abbreviation “etc”,
fancy words e.g. “Washwell Soap”, “Universal Rest
Easy Patent Chair”.
35. 35
FORM 1
THE PATENTS ACT 1970
(39 OF 1970)
&
The Patents Rules, 2003
APPLICATION FOR GRANT OF PATENT
(See section 7,54 & 135 and rule 20 (1))
(FOR OFFICE USE ONLY)
Application No.:
Filing Date:
Amount of Fee Paid:
CBR No.:
Signature:
1. APPLICANT
Name Nationality Address
Prof. Chandrakant Dnyandev Lokhande Indian Thin Film Physics Laboratory,
Department of Physics, Kolhapur
416 004
2. Inventors
Name Nationality Address
Prof. Chandrakant Dnyandev Lokhande Indian Thin Film Physics Laboratory,
Department of Physics, Kolhapur
416 004
Mr. Dattatray Sadashiv Dhawale Indian Thin Film Physics Laboratory,
Department of Physics, Kolhapur
416 004
Mr. Deepak Prakash Dubal Indian Thin Film Physics Laboratory,
Department of
Physics,Kolhapur416 004
35
36. 36
36
3. TITLE OF THE INVENTION
“Supercapacitor based on chemically deposited polyaniline thin films”
4. ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE
OF APPLICANT / AUTHORIZED PATENT
AGENT IN
Prof. Chandrakant Dnyandev Lokhande
Thin Film Physics Laboratory,
Department of Physics, Kolhapur416 004
Telephone No. : 0231-2609225
Fax No. : 0231-2609233
Mobile No.: +91 9765788816
E-mail : l_chandrakant@yahoo.com
37. 5. PRIORITY PARTICULARS OF THE APPLICATION (S) FILED IN CONVENTION COUNTRY
Country Application
Number
Filing Date Name of the Applicant
Title of the Invention
NA NA NA NA
NA
6. PARTICULARS FOR FILING PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) NATIONAL PHASE
APPLICATION
International application number NA
7. PARTICULARS FOR FILING DIVISIONAL APPLICATION
Original (First) Application Number Date of Filing of Original (First) Application
NA NA
8. PARTICULARS FOR FILING PATENT OF ADDITION
Main Application/Patent Number Date of Filling of Main Application
NA NA
9. DECLARATIONS :
(i) Declaration by the Inventors
We, the above named inventors are the true & first inventors for this invention and declare that the
applicants herein are our assignee or legal representative.
(a) Date 27th August 2009
(b) Signatures: 1) 2) 3)
(c) Names 1) Prof. Chandrakant Dnyandev Lokhande
2) Mr. Dattatray Sadashiv Dhawale
3) Mr. Deepak Prakash Dubal
(ii) Declaration by the applicant s in the convention country
We, the applicants in the convention country declare that the applicant(s) herein is our assignee
(a) Date 27th August 2009
(b) Signatures: 1) 2) 3)
(c) Names of the signatory 1) Prof. Chandrakant Dnyandev Lokhande
2) Mr. Dattatray Sadashiv Dhawale
3) Mr. Deepak Prakash Dubal
37
38. (iii) Declaration by the applicants:
We, the applicants hereby declares that:
o We are in possession of the above-mentioned invention.
o The provisional/complete specification relating to the
invention is filed with this application.
o The invention as disclosed in the specification uses the
biological material from and the necessary permission from
the competent authority shall be submitted by me/us before
the grant of patent to us.
o There is no lawful ground of objection to the grant of the
Patent to us.
o We are the assignee or legal representative of true & first
inventors.
o The application or each of the applications, particulars of
which are given in – 5 was first application in convention
country/countries in respect of our invention.
o We claim the priority from the above mentioned
applications filed in convention country/countries and state
38
39. 39
Following are the attachments with the application:
a) Complete specification.
b) Complete specification (in conformation with the international application) / as
amended before the International Preliminary Examination Authority (IPEA), as
applicable (2 copies). No. of pages 10 No. of claims 8.
c) Drawings (in conformation with the international application) / as amended
before the International Preliminary Examination Authority (IPEA), as applicable
(2 copies). No. of sheets 3
d) Priority
e) Translation of priority / specification/ International Search Report
f) Statement and undertaking on Form 3
g) Declaration of inventorship on Form 5
h) Sequence listing in electronic form (floppy disc)
Fee Rs. 1000/- in Cheque/Bank Draft bearing no. 271430
Date 27/8/2009 On UCO Bank.
We hereby declare that to the best of our knowledge, information and belief the fact and
matters stated herein are correct and We request that a patent may be granted to me/us
for the said invention.
Dated this 27th day of August 2009.
Signatures: 1) 2) 3)
Name : 1) Prof. Chandrakant Dnyandev Lokhande
2) Mr. Dattatray Sadashiv Dhawale
3) Mr. Deepak Prakash Dubal
To,
40. 40
Complete Specification
Every complete specification shall:
a) fully and particularly describe the invention and its
operation or use and the method by which it is
performed;
b) disclose the best method of performing the
invention which
is known to the applicant for which he is entitled to
claim protection;
c) end with a claim or set of claims defining the scope
of the
invention for which the protection is claimed;
d) make reference to deposit of the biological material
in the
41. 41
Title
Field of the Invention and use
of Invention
Prior Art and problem to be
solved
Objects of the Invention
Summary of the Invention
Detailed Description of the
Invention
Best method
Drawings
Claims
Abstract
42. Prof. Chandrakant Dnyandev Lokhande, Mr. Dattatray
Sadashiv Dhawale and
Mr. Deepak Prakash Dubal
Thin Film Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics,
Shivaji University,
Kolhapur - 416 004 (M.S.), India.
Abstract
In present investigation, we have prepared
nanocrystalline and porous polyaniline thin films by facile
chemical bath deposition (CBD) method from the acidic
bath at room temperature. These films were used for
supercapacitor application. The electrochemical properties
of polyaniline thin film was tested in H2SO4 electrolyte
using cyclic voltametry (CV) technique. Polyaniline thin
film showed 90% stability for 10,000 cycles in 1 M H2SO4
electrolyte. The maximum value of specific capacitance
obtained was 826 Fg-1. 42
43. 1. TITLE OF THE INVENTION
“Supercapacitor based on chemically deposited polyaniline thin films”
2. APPLICANT(S)
a) NAME: 1) Prof. Chandrakant Dnyandev Lokhande, 2) Mr. Dattatray Sadashiv
Dhawale and 3) Mr. Deepak Prakash Dubal
b) NATIONALITY: All are Indians
c) ADDRESS: Thin Film Physics Laboratory,
Department of Physics,
, Kolhapur
- 416 004 (M.S.)
3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION
COMPLETE
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in
which it is to be performed
FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
PROVISIONAL / COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
43
44. 1. K. Rajendra Prasad, N. Munichandraiah, “Fabrication and evaluation of 450 F electrochemical redox
supercapacitors using inexpensive and high performance, polyaniline coated stainless steel electrodes”, Journal of
Power Sources 112 (2002) 443.
2. H. Aghlara, “Capacitors based on conducting polyaniline films”, Chinese Journal of Physics 41 (2003) 2.
3. W. C. Chen, T. C. Wen, H. Teng, “Polyaniline deposited porous carbon electrode for supercapacitors”, Electrochim
Acta 48 (2003) 641.
4. V. Gupta, N. Miura, “Electrochemically deposited polyaniline nanowire’s network A high-performance electrode
material for redox supercapacitor”, Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters,8 (2005) A630.
5. M. Deng, B. Yang, Y. Hu, “Polyaniline deposition to enhance the specific capacitance of carbon nanotubes for
supercapacitors”, Journal of Material science 40 (2005) 5021.
6. V. Gupta, N. Miura, “Large-area network of polyaniline nanowires prepared by potentiostatic deposition process”,
Electrochemistry Communications 7 (2005) 995.
The following specification particularly describes and ascertains the nature of the present invention
and the manner in which it is to be performed.
Papers Related to Polyaniline Thin Films as Supercapacitor
44
45. 45
7. V. Gupta, N. Miura, “High performance electrochemical supercapacitor from electrochemically
synthesized nanostructured polyaniline”, Materials Letters 60 (2006) 1466.
8. T. C. Girija, M. V. Sangaranarayanan, “Analysis of polyaniline-based nickel electrodes for
electrochemical supercapacitors”, Journal of Power Sources 156 (2006) 705.
9. T. C. Girija, M. V. Sangaranarayanan, “Investigation of polyaniline-coated stainless steel electrodes for
electrochemical supercapacitors”, Synthetic Metals 156 (2006) 244.
10. H. Mi, X. Zhang, S. Yang, X. Ye, J. Luo, “Polyaniline nanofibers as the electrode material for
supercapacitors”, Materials Chemistry and Physics 112 (2008) 127.
11. G. Y. Zhao, H. L. Li, “Preparation of polyaniline nanowire arrayed electrodes for
electrochemical supercapacitors”, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 110 (2008) 590.
46. 46
No. Patent No. Month and Year Inventors Classificatio
n
1. 5023149 03 June 1988 Macdiarmid, Alan G. et
al.
429/27
2. 4940640 06 September
1988
Macdiarmid, Alan G. et
al.
429/213
3. 6402992 11 June 2002 Kumar, Konda Kannan
et al.
252/500
4. 20021014128 22 August 2002 Ryu, Kwang-sun et al. 361/508
5. 20030176631 13 March 2002 Palaniappan, Srinivasan
et al.
528/422
6. 20030035982 20 February 2003 Ryu, Kwang-sun et al. 429/7
7. 20040057191 25 March 2004 Timonov, Alexander et al. 361/302
USA Patents
47. • as semiconductor, insulator or metals can be used.
• It is low temperature process which avoids oxidation /corrosion of metallic
substrates.
• Unlike in electrodeposition, electrical conductivity of substrate is not a necessary
requirement in chemical bath
deposition.
Depending upon deposition condition, film growth can takes place by ion-by-ion
condensation of the material on
the substrate or by the adsorption of colloidal particles from the solution onto the
substrate.
Chemical bath deposition results in pinhole free and uniform deposits as the
solution from which these are
deposited always remain in touch with substrate. Stoichiometric deposits are
easily obtained since the basic
building blocks are ions instead of atoms. The preparative parameters are easily
controllable to obtain good quality,
well adherent and uniform films.
47
48. 48
Structure of Claims
a) Complete specification is to be followed by a “statement of
Claims” preceded by the prescribed preamble, “I / We Claim” as the
case may be.
b) Claims should start from a fresh page.
c) Each claim should be in a single sentence and should be clearly
worded.
d) A claim should not be verbose.
e) No restriction to number of claims.
f) Each claim should be fairly based on matter disclosed in the
specification.
g) A claim should be clear in the sense that it should not cause the
reader to speculate. Do not use words such as “thin”, “strong”, “a
major part”, “such as”, “when required” or “any”.
h) A claim must be specific and not vague, ambiguous or
hypothetical in nature.
i) Any term, which is used in the claim, must be either found in the
description or fairly inferred from the description.
j) The introductory phrase identifies the category of the invention
and sometimes the purpose (for example, a machine for waxing
paper, a composition for fertilizing soil).
k) The first claim is always an independent claim also known as
49. 1 A supercapacitor, said supercapacitor comprising, cathode comprising a film of polyaniline
on stainless steel substrate, an electrolyte and anode comprising a platinum sheet.
2 The supercapacitor of claim 1, wherein, polyaniline film is prepared by chemical bath
deposition (CBD) method.
3 A supercapacitor of claim 2, wherein, for the preparation of polyaniline, the concentration
of aniline is in the range of 0.05 M to 0.2 M, the concentration of sulphuric acid is in the
range of 0.05 M to 0.2 M and the concentration of ammonium peroxydisulphate is in the
range of 0.05 M to 0.2 M.
4 The supercapacitor of claim 2, wherein, the thickness of polyaniline film is in the range of
0.03 to 0.05 mg/cm2 by changing deposition time in the range of 4 to 8 hr.
5 The supercapacitor of claim 2, wherein, polyaniline films are polycrystalline and consists of
porous microstructure.
We claim:
49
50. 50
Publication of Patent Application
(a) Patent is open to public after the expiry of 18 months.
(b) The Application is published in the Official Journal
except in the cases where:
1) Secrecy direction u/s 35 is in force,
2) Application abandoned u/s 9(1) (i.e., complete
Specification not filed
within twelve months from the date of filing of
Provisional Specification)., or
3) Withdrawn three months prior to the publication
period,
(c) No application will be published unless a power of
authority, if applicable, is
filed.
Early Publication
(a) With the prescribed fee of Rs. 2,500/- for natural
person(s) or
51. 51
Effects of Publication
(a) Upon publication, the Patent office makes the
Specification and drawings available to the public on
its website or on payment of the prescribed fee .
(b) After publication of the Application for Patent the
depository institution
will make the biological material available to the
public.
( c) No patent shall be granted before the expiry of six
months from the
date of Publication of the Application.
53. 53
Rights of Patentee
1). In case of a patented product, the
patentee shall have the exclusive right to
prevent third parties, from the act of
making, using, offering for sale, selling or
importing for those purposes that product
in India
2). In case of a patented process, the
patentee shall have the exclusive right to
prevent third parties, from the act of using
that process, and offering for sale, selling
or importing for those purposes the
58. • Patents (Amendment) ordinance was
issued in 1994 and became Patent
(Amendment) Act,1999.
• Patents (Second Amendment) Bill ,1999,
has now become patent (Amendment)
Act,2002.
• Patent (Amendment) Act 2005, Product
regime launched
a) Product / Process Patent – sec 5
provided – only process patent in
certain category, Article 27.1 of
TRIPS – product patent in all fields of
technology, sec 5 – chemical process
– includes biochemical,
biotechnological and microbiological
process, Now omitted
b) Patent Term- 20 years for all process
and product patents, sec 53(1) –
term of every patent – not expired,
not cease to have effect -20 years
Patent Act: some useful information
58
59. d) Contents of specification- sec 10, sub clause 4(d)- an abstract, requirement
of making a deposit of the material, sub-clause 10.5 – a single inventive
concept
e) Examination and Publication- new sec 11A and 11B, sec 11A – all
applications – not be opened till 18 months, sec 11-b : examination on
request, within 48 months, Now 36 months
f) Prohibition to apply for Patent outside India.- sec 39 – not to make an
application outside India – Defense, atomic energy, apply in India, seek
clearance
g) Rights over importation.- right to make, use, exercise, sell or distribute –
include importation
h) Compulsory Licensing- sec83,84,85 and 89-95, sec 92 – grant of licence in
national emergency, extreme urgency –public health crisis- includes
procedures relating to AIDS and HIV, removal of three year restriction - CL.
Contd …
Patent Act: some useful information
59
60. j) Burden of proof concerning infringement –sec 104(A) –
inserted, infringement of process patent – defendant –
establish non-infringement.
k) License of Right- sec 86-89 of patent Act 1970, provisions
of Licence of Rights - dropped.
l) Appellate Board – sec 116 the appellate Board
established u/s 83 of Trade Mark Act 1999 – the
appellate Board – patent act appeal to appellate Board
– decision, order or direction of controller, otherwise
earlier was – High Court.
m) Unauthorised claims of Patent Rights – sec 120 – wrong
representation about patented in India or patent
application, fine increased from 500/- to 10,000/-., Now
Rs. 1,00,000/-
n) Other Amendments- sec 48 –prevent third party wit no
consent, sec 107(A)(a) – protection of biodiversity and
traditional knowledge.
Contd …
Patent Act: some useful information
60
61. Patent Agents
Yearly twice in the month of May and November.
Qualifications for registration as patent agents:-
a) he is a citizen of India;
b) he has completed the age of 21 years
(c) he has obtained a degree in science, engineering or technology from
any university.
you will have to provide fee [Rs.1000/- DD or Cheque], 1+1 Passport size
photo, attested education certificate and Character certificate .
Patent Office address
A.Culcutta
b. New Delhi
c. Mumbai
d. Chenna
The qualifying examination shall consists of the following papers and
marks, namely:-
Paper I - Patent Act and Rules 100
Paper II- Drafting and interpretation of Patent specification and other
documents 100
viva voice 100 61
62. 4.The qualifying marks
sixty per cent of total marks.
5. Registration of agents
Now you have become a Patent Agent!
62
63. At Institute level……
What do we do ?
63
• Formulate Institutional IPR Policy
• Institute Information classification policy
• How do you sign MOUs
• Make all employees aware of the IPR and
information classification policies
• Users at unit level made aware of issues &
responsibilities. Manual of best practices.
• Set up patent information service
• Structured annual training and awareness
workshops
• Protection … establish a continuous process
64. At Institute level……
The IP Policy Process
64
• Recognise the Vision and
Mission of the Institute
• What are the various activities
your institution is involved in
• Interaction of the Institution with
the outside world
• Interactions within the institution
• What is the human resource
policy the institute say vis-à-vis
benefit sharing arrangements,
65. At Institute level……
The IP Policy
65
• Who will sign on behalf of the
organisation
• Which will be the team to advise on
IPR issues…. MOUs, protection, etc.
• What will be the channel to get it
going on the floor.
• Who owns what?..
• Documentation?
• Disclosures?
• Who will pay for the protection?