This document discusses the past simple tense in English. It is used to describe completed actions in the past, whether they occurred once, habitually, or in sequence. The past simple is formed by using the past form of regular verbs (ending in "-ed") or irregular past forms for irregular verbs. It can be made affirmative, negative, or interrogative. The document also covers the active and passive voice in the past simple tense and how the passive is formed using "was/were + past participle."

1. Past Simple
Active Voice / Passive Voice

2. We use the Past Simple Tense:
• to describe actions that started
in the past and were completed
at a specific time in the past.
We moved to a new house last year.

3. TIME EXPRESSIONS:
Yesterday, a week ago, last month, in
August, in 2010, before work, after
university, etc.

4. • for habitual or repeated actions
in the past (often with adverbs
of frequency).
We always went camping by the
lake in the summer.

5. • for completed actions that took
place one after the other in the
past.
Ann had breakfast, listened to the
news and went straight to work.

6. • to describe permanent situations
in the past.
She lived in the country when she
was a child.

7. We form the Past Simple Tense:
• Affirmative
S + V₂/ed
I went (an irregular verb) to the
cinema yesterday.
She visited (a regular verb) her
relatives last month.

8. • Negative
S + did not + V₀ (the infinitive without
the particle “to”)
I did not (= didn’t) go to the cinema
yesterday.
She did not(= didn’t) visit her
relatives last month.

9. • Interrogative
did + S + V₀?
Did you visit your relatives last
month?
Didn’t you visit your relatives last
month?
Why didn’t you visit your relatives
last month?
Who visited your relatives last
month?

10. The Active Voice
The Active Voice indicates
that the subject of the verb
carries out an action.
Alf Donovan decorated the
new hotel.

11. The Passive Voice
With the Passive Voice the
action is more important
than the person who did it.
The new hotel was
decorated by Alf Donovan.

12. Past Simple Passive
Form the Past Simple
Passive with the subject +
was/were + past participle.

13. The building was designed by
Wren.
Sanitary conditions weren’t
organized.
When was that bridge built?
Lernen...leben...