This document discusses biofortification and its role in addressing micronutrient deficiencies. It provides background on the global prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies and their health consequences. It describes current strategies to prevent deficiencies like supplementation and food fortification, and discusses how biofortification fits into these efforts by passively delivering micronutrients through staple crops. The document advocates that biofortification can help close micronutrient gaps and reduce the hidden hunger faced by many populations.
This ppt was made by my friend Svenia & I. It is a summary of the journal on 'Influence of mineral and vitamin supplements on pregnancy outcome'.
Hope it helps.
This ppt was made by my friend Svenia & I. It is a summary of the journal on 'Influence of mineral and vitamin supplements on pregnancy outcome'.
Hope it helps.
Animal Source Foods in the UK Diet: A Nutritional Overview - Joe Millward, Pr...guycollender
During a workshop at the London International Development Centre on 12 June 2009, Joe Millward gave a nutritionist's overview of animal source foods, illustrated from a UK diet perspective.
The importance of folic acid in pregnancy plus our special folic acid recipes...Jackie De Burca
Folic acid is incredibly important both at the preconception phase, as well as in early pregnancy. This feature was written for the prestigious Dublin ultrasound clinic, Merrion Fetal Health.
NATIONAL VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY PROPHYLAXIS PROGRAMMESKanikaRastogi13
this presentation is about the governmental organised national vitamin A prophylaxis programme which aims to reduce or to prevent the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency.
Prime Fifty UK's only vitamin brand focused on the 50sRichard Chandler
We are committed to making a difference to the lives of the over 50s
Welcome to Prime Fifty, the only brand exclusively dedicated to the nutritional and wellbeing needs of the over 50s.
Combating Micronutrient Deficiencies: Food-based Approaches
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
This presentation given to the International Society for Enzymology in Corfu details the extent of vitamin D deficiency in the largest state of Australia, NSW. It highlights the over=testing phenomenon that has occurred and how to correct the problem.
The Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) offers legal, ethical and practical guidance for public relations professionals who record conversations and media interviews to ensure accuracy in reporting and transcription.
Animal Source Foods in the UK Diet: A Nutritional Overview - Joe Millward, Pr...guycollender
During a workshop at the London International Development Centre on 12 June 2009, Joe Millward gave a nutritionist's overview of animal source foods, illustrated from a UK diet perspective.
The importance of folic acid in pregnancy plus our special folic acid recipes...Jackie De Burca
Folic acid is incredibly important both at the preconception phase, as well as in early pregnancy. This feature was written for the prestigious Dublin ultrasound clinic, Merrion Fetal Health.
NATIONAL VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY PROPHYLAXIS PROGRAMMESKanikaRastogi13
this presentation is about the governmental organised national vitamin A prophylaxis programme which aims to reduce or to prevent the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency.
Prime Fifty UK's only vitamin brand focused on the 50sRichard Chandler
We are committed to making a difference to the lives of the over 50s
Welcome to Prime Fifty, the only brand exclusively dedicated to the nutritional and wellbeing needs of the over 50s.
Combating Micronutrient Deficiencies: Food-based Approaches
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
This presentation given to the International Society for Enzymology in Corfu details the extent of vitamin D deficiency in the largest state of Australia, NSW. It highlights the over=testing phenomenon that has occurred and how to correct the problem.
The Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) offers legal, ethical and practical guidance for public relations professionals who record conversations and media interviews to ensure accuracy in reporting and transcription.
Influence of Micronutrient Deficiency on the Prevalence of Respiratory Diseas...iosrjce
The study entitled “Influence of micronutrient deficiency on the prevalence of respiratory diseases
among children 6-12 years” was conducted to assess the nutritional status of the children. Majority of the socio
economic variables such as age, area of residence, family income are found to have an impact on the nutritional
status of the children with respiratory diseases.
Method: In this study anthropometric, bio-chemical, clinical and nutritional assessment was done for 100
children with respiratory diseases from thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala. The data regarding the socio
economic status, nutritional status and health status were collected using suitably structured schedule. The
nutrient intake was assessed by 24 hour recall method. The hemoglobin levels and calcium levels of the
subsamples were analyzed biochemically. The results were statistically analyzed.
Result: Nutritional anthropometry of the children with respiratory diseases indicates that 77% of the children
were underweight. The biochemical analysis of blood samples indicates that 75% were having iron deficiency
anemia. Mean nutrient intake of both male and female children with respiratory diseases indicates that both of
them are deficient in all nutrient s consumption with respect to RDA.The statistical analysis by t-test reveals that
for males fat consumption and riboflavin consumption were significant at 0.01 levels. For the females it was
found that t-test analysis shows protein, fat, iron, vitamin C and riboflavin consumption were significant at 0.01
levels.
Subsistence and commercialisation: contributions of NTFPs to food security an...CIFOR-ICRAF
Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) as foods have the potential to decrease micronutrient deficiency while providing the social and cultural benefits of traditional food systems. Commercialising NTFPs may also lead to increases in income, but will this necessarily mean an increase in the food security and nutrition of rural households? This presentation gives an overview of increasing evidence that commericalisation of NTFPs is not leading to the desired sustainable development and biodiversity conservation outcomes, and can have a negative impact on nutrition in poor rural households.
CIFOR post-doctoral fellow Bronwen Powell gave this presentation at the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, held in Bonito, Brazil on 19 June 2012.
AROUND THE WORLD, more than 2 billion people are thought to be affected by an often invisible form of malnutrition: micronutrient malnutrition, commonly known as hidden hunger.1 Vitamin and mineral deficiencies—at least in mild to moderate forms—may not be as observable as wasting or obesity, but their effects are far-reaching. Globally, vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is the leading cause of blindness in children.2 Iodine deficiency causes 18 million babies to be born mentally impaired each year.3 And severe anemia caused by lack of iron is associated with the deaths of 115,000 women annually during childbirth.4 Vitamin A, iodine, and iron are classified as “the big three,” but deficiencies of other micronutrients, such as folate, zinc, vitamin B12, and vitamin D, are also important.
Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common disorders experienced by pregnant women when they enter their second trimester of pregnancy, so there are many ways that can be done to diagnose iron deficiency anemia and carry out management against this anemia.
Biofortification of staple food crops: Justification, progress, and future a...ExternalEvents
Biofortification of staple food crops: Justification, progress, and future activities presentation by Howarth Bouis, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington D.C., United States of America
M.S. Swaminathan presents: Achieving the Zero Hunger Challenge & the Role of ...Harvest Plus
Professor M.S. Swaminathan presents "Achieving the Zero Hunger Challenge & the Role of Biofortification" at The 2nd Global Conference on Biofortification: Getting Nutritious Foods to People in Kigali, Rwanda. April 1, 2014
1. First Global Conference on Biofortification
November 10th, 2010
Keith P. West, Jr., Dr.P.H., R.D.
Center for Human Nutrition
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Baltimore, Maryland, USA
kwest@jhsph.edu
How Biofortification Fits into (Malnutrition)
Interventions to Reduce Micronutrient
Deficiencies
2. My Biofortification Vote
Day dream believer
Daily believer
Weekend (Fri, Sat or Sun) believer
Healthy skeptic
Agnostic
Bio-atheist
3. My Biofortification Vote
Day dream believer
Daily believer
Weekend (Fri, Sat or Sun) believer
x Healthy skeptic
Agnostic
Bio-atheist
4. Treat night blindness
with roasted oxen liver
Old Kingdom pyramind
at Sakura: Depicts
night blindness
Night blind pregnant
Woman in Nepal, 2000
6. World History of Micronutrient
Deficiency
World up to early 20th C
Deficient
Deficient
(biofortify)
Sufficient
(fortified)
World from mid-20th C
to new Millennium
14. Micronutrient Supplementation that Works
• The vulnerable:
• Pregnant women
• Young children
• Proven practices –
• Six-monthly vitamin A < 5 years
• Daily iron & folic acid in pregnancy
• Zinc + ORS to treat diarrhea
• Salt iodization to control “IDD”
15. Vitamin A Supplementation Reduces Preschool
Child Mortality in Undernourished Societies
Sommer A & West KP, 1996
Presently ~600 million vitamin A supplements distributed by UNICEF
preventing ~1 million child deaths each year
16. Zinc Effective in Treating Diarrhea
• Zinc deficiency
increases risk of severe
diarrhea; Zn limits it…
• 10 mg oral zinc daily for
10–14 days
• WHO/UNICEF policy
• Rolling out
• Very low cost
• No mass zinc
supplementation
programs
17. Iron Prevents Iron Deficiency and
Consequent Anemia
Anemia
Iron
deficiency
IDA
Hookworm
Malaria
HIV/AIDS
Anemia of Inflammatory Conditions
Other vitamin deficiencies
IDA= iron deficiency
anemia
18. Modern Salt Iodization in China
1995
Per cent
< 60
60 - 80
80 - 90
>= 90
Missing Data
19971999
27. Prevents corneal blindness
and milder xerophthalmia
Normalized epithelia, immunity,
less severe morbidity, reduced
anemia
Tissue and plasma
repletion
Dietary adequacy
VA Deficiency Expect to Respond to Biofortification
Return/
protect
function
Expect to
Respond
Expect to respond
use to assess
effect
Partially
addresses
underlying
dietary risk
28.
29. Data Collection Activity Purpose
Baseline survey (panels) to
assess individual:
More than 1 survey likely needed to assess
seasonal intakes, trends and individual
estimates
• Micronutrient status and
prevalence of deficiency
Quantify nutrient status; calculate %
marginal or deficient to establish
prevalence and severity of deficiency
• Dietary micronutrient
intake
Quantify intake for all groups; evaluate
against RDA, EAR and UL to estimate
dietary gaps and risks for each nutrient
• Candidate staple food
products intake
Quantify staple food items portion size
distributions among groups to estimate
intakes of biofortified food & nutrients
Representative assessments
for biofortified food potency
Monitor over time/ambient conditions
biofortified nutrient delivery in foods
Repeated periodic survey Monitor population responses to
interventions : changes in status,
prevalence of deficiency, nutrient and
biofortified food intakes
Assessment, Monitoring and Evaluation
30. Prepared by Nina Series for the ACC-SCN of the UN -appointed
Commission on the Nutrition Challenges of the 21st Century, 1998
31. Prevalence of Low Serum Concentrations of
Micronutrients among Women in 1st Trimester
NNIPS-3, Nepal
61
20.6
0.7
11.6
27.7
46.3
31.8 32.8
13.9
0
20
40
60
80
Zinc
<8.6
um
ol/L
Iron
<8.95
um
ol/L
Copper <11.8
um
ol/L
Folate
<6.8
nm
ol/L
B12
<147.7
pm
ol/L
B6
<20
nm
ol/L
Riboflavin
<11.3
nm
ol/L
Vit E
<10
um
ol/L
Vit D
<25
nm
ol/L
%
Jiang et al, J Nutr 2005
32. Antenatal Vitamin A Supplementation in Nepalese Mothers
Increased Lung Volume by ~46 ml in Offspring by 9-13 Years of Age
Forced Vital Capacity
Checkley W, West KP, Wise R et al NEJM 2010;362:1784
Massaro D NEJM 2010
33. Antenatal Iron+Folic Acid Supplementation and
Child Mortality to 7 Years of Age, Nepal
Christian P et al Am J Epidemiol 2009
34. Antenatal Folic Acid Supplementation and Kidney
Function in Children ~7 Years of Age, Nepal
Stewart CP et al J Nutr 2009
36. Summary Thoughts
• Micronutrient deficiencies reflect a diet
quality problem of poor populations that
remains to be been solved: Biofortification
addresses this problem head on
• Questions remain: bioavailability, efficacy/
effectiveness/safety, specific population
group needs, additional nutrient needs, etc
• Nutritionists need to be ready to apply,
adapt, test, help integrate, monitor, guide,
advocate from evidence, and advance
biofortified products as they “arrive”
37. Summary Thoughts
• Improved methods of dietary and status
assessment, and food composition
databases are needed to quantify, monitor,
and know when closing dietary gaps
• Continued research is needed to better
understand and explain health implications
of what we do, define new horizons…
• Agriculture-nutrition: an intersection of
science, program, political, economic and
commercial communities that can advance
the human condition. Biofortification sits at
this intersection.
39. Hidden Hunger = low nutrient density
imbalanced nutrient densities
chronic micronutrient inadequacy
MDG #1: Eradicate
Severe
Hunger
MDG 4 & 5:
Reduce Child &
Improve Maternal
Health
--------HealthConsequence-------
Less
Known
Well
Known
Micronutrient deficiencies:
Depleted nutriture
Altered metabolism
Impaired function
Deficiency disorders:
Blindness, severe infection,
mental retardation, death,
complications of pregnancy,
fetal loss, etc
Supplement
Improve diet
Different Micronutrient Deficiency Control Approaches
to Achieve Different MDGs?
Long-acting
HealthConsequences