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This document outlines the various agencies within the USDA that have expertise in nutrition, including the National Institutes of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Economic Research Service, and Food and Nutrition Services. It discusses the research objectives of NIFA, focusing on areas like climate change, bioenergy, food safety, nutrition and childhood obesity, and global food security. It proposes a structure for NIFA with institutes focusing on international programs, youth development, food safety and nutrition, bioenergy and the environment, and food production sustainability. Specific objectives for childhood obesity prevention through 2010 are outlined.
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Biofortification of food crops with provitamin A carotenoids shows promise to help address vitamin A deficiency. Several factors influence the bioefficacy of provitamin A carotenoids, including the species of carotenoid, host-related factors like genetic variations and other nutrient status, and effectors like fat intake. Relative amounts of carotenoids consumed and matrix factors like resistant starch also impact bioconversion of carotenoids to vitamin A. Studies on biofortified maize, cassava, and sweet potato demonstrate their effectiveness at improving vitamin A status compared to typical varieties.
Bouis welcome address
This document outlines the agenda and objectives for a conference on biofortification. The conference aims to take stock of research and investment in biofortification, raise its visibility as a public health intervention, and chart its future direction. The agenda includes plenary sessions from agriculture, nutrition, and way forward perspectives. Workshops will cover technical topics like vitamin A and iron-zinc, as well as nutrition, delivery, breeding/genomics, and institutional issues. Key people to know include the moderator Roger Thurow and organizer Bonnie McClafferty.
Panel fan tuesday
Shenggen Fan discusses the link between agriculture and nutrition, noting that agricultural growth can increase incomes, diversify diets, lower food prices, and generate government revenue for nutrition programs. Biofortification is highlighted as a sustainable and cost-effective way to improve micronutrient levels in staple crops. The composition and patterns of agricultural growth matter for nutrition outcomes. Priorities and sequencing of interventions need to vary by country and region. National accountability and coordination across sectors are key. The conference aims to strengthen linkages between agriculture, nutrition and health by identifying best practices and building consensus on priorities.
Breeding High-Iron Pearl Millet
Identify high-iron commercial cultivars for fast-track release and adoption. Use existing high-iron hybrid parents from mainstream breeding program to develop high-iron hybrids. Breed hybrid parents for high iron as a target trait for high-iron hybrid development.
Van den kommer delivery fe zn
1. Marketing products with invisible traits like nutrients requires generating consumer belief and trust through branding and communication over time.
2. When marketing to low-income consumers, ensuring food and income security is key to increasing adoption of biofortified crops. Education about the link between food and health is also important.
3. Successful marketing involves three stages: brand development to identify consumer aspirations, a brand strategy to position the product, and brand activation through promotion and communication strategies.
M.S. Swaminathan presents: Achieving the Zero Hunger Challenge & the Role of ...
This document summarizes Prof. M S Swaminathan's keynote address at the 2nd Global Conference on Biofortification. It discusses how biofortification can help achieve the UN's Zero Hunger Challenge goal by 2025. It outlines the challenges of malnutrition in South Asia and Africa. It highlights the role of biofortified crops and varieties in addressing malnutrition. It discusses examples like high-iron pearl millet, zinc-rich rice, and genetically modified Golden Rice. The document emphasizes partnerships between public-private sectors, nutrition literacy, and measurable indicators to ensure the success of biofortification efforts.
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Why Nutrition Education Matters
Why Nutrition Education Matters
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10. Transición de la nutrición a nivel global
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2015 ReSAKSS Conference – Day 1 - Mawuli Sablah
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Tang nutrition vit a
This document discusses using biofortified crops to combat vitamin A deficiency through community intervention studies. It recommends conducting large-scale studies that provide biofortified staples like Golden Rice and yellow maize daily to children in need, to directly assess their impact on vitamin A status. The document outlines steps for choosing locations, gaining community support, properly conducting the studies, and evaluating efficacy.
Singh agronomics
This document discusses zinc deficiency in Indian soils and its effects. It finds that about 50% of Indian soil samples are deficient in zinc. Zinc deficiency reduces crop yields and nutrient use efficiency. It estimates that zinc deficiency results in over 9 million tons of lost cereal production annually in India worth over $2.2 billion. Addressing zinc deficiency through fertilization could provide over $1.5 billion in economic benefits annually along with reducing malnutrition. The document also examines zinc levels in different crop varieties and their enrichment through fertilization.
Mdunji delivery vit a
This document discusses the delivery of orange maize in Zambia. It notes that most farmers in Zambia are small-scale farmers on plots less than 2 hectares. It also provides background information on Zambia's climate, agricultural land area, number of farmers, and current maize production and consumption. The document recommends fast tracking testing and release of orange maize varieties, engaging partners, bulking seed, entering the roasted maize market, developing an orange maize nutrition brand, and promoting this brand for school feeding and under-five nutrition programs.
Manyong delivery vit a
This document summarizes a study on consumer acceptance of biofortified orange maize in rural Zambia. The study found that consumers showed low acceptance of yellow maize but no difference in acceptance of orange versus white maize. Providing nutrition information about orange maize's vitamin A content led to greater acceptance of orange maize and a premium on its price compared to white maize. The study tested different approaches to providing nutrition information and locations for testing consumer preferences, finding few differences in outcomes between the approaches.
Lyons agronomics
This document discusses selenium (Se) deficiency in human populations and strategies for agronomic biofortification of staple crops to increase Se intake. It notes that Se deficiency can cause diseases and that intake requirements vary by individual. Agronomic biofortification trials adding selenate fertilizer have successfully increased the Se content of wheat, maize, cassava and other crops without affecting yields. Larger-scale trials are still needed to determine if this approach can meaningfully improve human health. Key challenges include low nutrient conversion efficiency from soil to grain and identifying sustainable application methods.
Low delivery vit a
1) An integrated delivery system involving agriculture, nutrition education, and marketing is needed to effectively deliver biofortified orange-fleshed sweetpotato and improve vitamin A intake.
2) Pilot projects in several African countries found that community nutrition education combined with increased sweetpotato production led to significantly higher vitamin A intake among young children.
3) Sustained adoption requires developing reliable sweetpotato vine supply systems, building demand through promotion, and investing in marketing, though effects are longer term.
Kyetere weaving
The document discusses including biofortification in Uganda's national agricultural development strategies. It notes that Uganda's constitution and food and nutrition policy recognize the importance of food and nutrition, including promoting food fortification. The strategy proposed takes a multi-pronged approach, working with stakeholders on advocacy, sensitization, market development, product development, nutrition education, marketing, awareness campaigns, promotion strategies, capacity building, participatory breeding, and integrated crop management.
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This document discusses regional plans for biofortification in Africa. It outlines the Framework for African Food Security which aims to increase resilience through decreasing food insecurity and linking vulnerable people to agricultural opportunities. The plans focus on improved risk management, increased and more affordable food production, economic opportunities, and diversified, more nutritious diets. Regional coordination is seen as key through high-level political support, shared priorities and accountability, and incentives for private sector investment in nutrition-sensitive value chains. Information sharing and advocacy are also emphasized to address preferences and overcome constraints such as facilitating trade of biofortified crops. Partnerships between organizations are proposed to advocate for and analyze impacts of biofortification at regional and national levels.
Haskell nutrition vit a
1. Evidence shows that orange-fleshed sweet potatoes effectively improve vitamin A status in preschool children. Further evidence is still needed on the efficacy of other biofortified staple crops like maize, cassava and golden rice in populations at risk of deficiency.
2. Careful selection of target groups and indicators of vitamin A status are important to demonstrate efficacy or effectiveness of biofortified foods.
3. Targeting lactating women may be advantageous because changes in their breastmilk vitamin A levels could benefit breastfed infants and milk vitamin A responds sensitively to maternal intake of biofortified foods.
Hambidge nutrition fe zn
1. HarvestPlus has made progress in breeding staple crops like rice, wheat and beans with higher iron and zinc levels through genetic variation.
2. They have established genetic variation, baseline levels, and target levels for increasing micronutrients in crops.
3. Further research is still needed to evaluate the retention of micronutrients during processing, bioavailability to the human body, and efficacy trials to measure impact on nutrition and health.
Haas nutrition fe zn
This document discusses the challenges of measuring the effectiveness of iron and zinc biofortification interventions. It notes that demonstrating improvements in iron and zinc status is difficult due to low concentrations in biofortified crops, reduced nutrient levels after processing, and low bioavailability from plant-based diets. Additional challenges include a lack of sensitive biomarkers, confounding environmental factors, and constraints assessing bioavailability. The document advocates expanding the scope of efficacy studies to better inform effectiveness evaluations and determining reasonable expectations for biofortification responses and timelines to observe impacts.
Grant agronomics
This document discusses agronomic practices that can reduce the accumulation of non-nutritive elements like cadmium and arsenic in food crops. It notes that rice is a major source of cadmium and inorganic arsenic in diets. Genetic variability exists between crop cultivars in uptake of these elements. Water management, fertilizer use, and soil characteristics can all affect cadmium and arsenic concentrations in crops. Phosphate fertilizer can both increase and decrease arsenic availability depending on conditions. Careful management of irrigation, fertilizers, and cultivar selection can help lower harmful element levels in staple crops like rice and wheat.
Finley developed world
1. Selenium is an essential antioxidant nutrient that is present in foods in different forms with varying bioavailability and interactions with other compounds.
2. Studies show that increasing selenium levels in broccoli through fertilization decreases the plant's content of beneficial antioxidants like sulforaphane, and that the different forms of selenium from foods like broccoli and meat are incorporated into the body differently.
3. There are complex interactions between selenium, sulforaphane, and other compounds in regulating antioxidant enzymes, with higher induction occurring through combined effects rather than single nutrients alone.
Cornelius developed world
Vistive Gold and Soymega soybean oils developed through biotechnology can help improve human nutrition and public health. Vistive Gold soybean oil is high in monounsaturated fat and low in saturated and polyunsaturated fat, allowing it to replace partially hydrogenated oils and reduce trans fat intake. Soymega soybean oil contains stearidonic acid which clinical trials show converts to heart-healthy EPA in the body. These novel soybean oils can help people meet dietary guidelines to reduce saturated fat and increase omega-3 intake in a sustainable way.
Cakmak agronomics
1) Zinc and iron deficiencies affect approximately 2 billion people globally and are a major cause of malnutrition, particularly in developing countries where cereal-based diets provide most calories.
2) Biofortification through agronomic practices such as fertilization can increase micronutrient concentrations in crops and provide a potentially sustainable solution. Application of zinc-containing fertilizers to the soil and foliage has been shown to reliably increase zinc levels in grains across multiple countries.
3) Foliar application of zinc at different crop growth stages affects the distribution and concentration of zinc deposited in different grain tissues. Higher nitrogen fertilization can also influence grain zinc and iron concentrations.
Brown nutrition fe zn
This document discusses the activities and responsible parties required for scaling up biofortification programs. It outlines that population nutritional assessments, breeding targets, cultivar development, efficacy testing, yield and consumer assessments are led by academia. Advocacy, resource mobilization, seed production, social mobilization, training and monitoring involve public, private and civil society sectors. Close coordination is needed across technical disciplines and sectors to ensure the complex operations of biofortification interventions are successfully implemented and evaluated.
Birol delivery fe zn
This study investigated farmers' choices regarding pearl millet varieties in India using survey data from over 4,000 households in Maharashtra and Rajasthan. Key findings include: the most popular varieties in each state, with desi or local varieties dominating in Rajasthan; yield and fodder yield were top priorities for farmers; and social networks were important information sources, more so in Rajasthan where adoption of new varieties was less dynamic. The conclusions recommend more intensive efforts to promote biofortified varieties in Rajasthan compared to Maharashtra.
Barry delivery vit a
This document summarizes the progress made on Golden Rice, including:
- Updates on different versions developed (GR1 in 2000, improved GR2 in 2004-2005)
- Progress in developing GR2 events in different rice varieties, selecting lines based on beta-carotene levels and agronomic performance
- Details on the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway added to Golden Rice
- Plans to undergo further development and regulatory approval in countries with high rates of vitamin A deficiency, including field trials, compositional analysis, and consultation with regulatory agencies in the Philippines.
- Outlines timelines for completing nutritional studies and pursuing regulatory approval and farmer/consumer acceptance studies to allow for the potential release of Golden Rice.
Ahmed delivery fe zn
The document discusses two strategies for integrating biofortified crops into public food distribution systems (PFDS): a push strategy focused on seed supply and crop production, and a pull strategy focused on creating demand. PFDS can stimulate demand for biofortified crops by procuring and distributing them through food subsidies, safety nets, and disaster relief programs. This ensures adequate supplies reach vulnerable groups and incentives encourage farmers to grow biofortified varieties. With policymaker support, PFDS have potential to significantly improve nutrition and food security by targeting the poor with biofortified staples.
Wele delivery fe zn
Sorghum and pearl millet are staple crops grown for subsistence in tropical countries. Less than 5% of annual production is commercially processed due to low productivity, high costs, and lack of processor awareness. Efforts to promote commercialization face challenges. Rural populations have low incomes and awareness. Marketing strategies must address awareness, acceptability, and availability of biofortified staple crops through opinion leaders, demonstrations, education, and ensuring hybrid varieties with higher nutrients are available at affordable prices through expanded distribution networks. The private sector aims to commercialize these crops but rural consumers are diverse with challenges around poverty, infrastructure, and health.
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ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
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BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
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- 1. 1 Under Secretary for Marketing & Regulatory Programs Under Secretary for Food, Nutrition, & Consumer Services Under Secretary for Farm & Foreign Agricultural Services Deputy Under Secretary for Rural Development Under Secretary for Food Safety Under Secretary for Natural Resources & Conservation Under Secretary for Research, Education, & Economics Secretary of Agriculture U.S. Department of Agriculture
- 2. USDA Agencies with Nutrition Expertise and Capacity: – National Institutes of Food and Agriculture: Extramural research programs with linkage to communities across the country through Cooperative Extension system, EFNEP and 4-H, etc. – Agriculture Research Service: Intramural research including the USDA Human Nutrition Research Centers – Economic Research Service: Intramural research linking food choices and economics (Food Environment Atlas) – Food and Nutrition Services – school meals and food and nutrition assistance programs including SNAP, WIC, etc. – Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion – MyPyramid, Dietary Guidelines for Americans, etc. 2
- 3. Research Objectives for NIFA Focusing NIFA-sponsored activities around thematic areas: 1. Climate change 2. Bioenergy 3. Food safety 4. Nutrition and childhood obesity 5. Global food security
- 4. The Health Challenge - Globally • Deficiencies in micro- nutrients (especially vitamin A, iodine and iron) are widespread – 2 billion suffered from micronutrient deficiencies in 2009 • Obesity prevention • Biotechnology to: – Improve Nutrition – Deliver Vaccines – Eliminate allergens
- 5. PROPOSED STRUCTURE Center for International Programs Director Roger Beachy Institute of Youth and Community Development Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition Institute of Bioenergy, Climate, and Environment Institute of Food Production and Sustainability
- 6. INSTITUTE OF FOOD SAFETY AND NUTRITION Ensuring a safe food supply Improving citizens’ health through nutrition Reducing childhood obesity Improving food quality
- 7. Childhood Obesity Prevention: 2010 • Methodological Research to Assess the Effectiveness of Obesity Prevention Strategies • Community-based Childhood Obesity Prevention • Extension Interventions to Prevent Childhood Obesity • Transdisciplinary Graduate Education and Training in Nutrition and Family Sciences
- 8. 8 Under Secretary for Marketing & Regulatory Programs Under Secretary for Food, Nutrition, & Consumer Services Under Secretary for Farm & Foreign Agricultural Services Deputy Under Secretary for Rural Development Under Secretary for Food Safety Under Secretary for Natural Resources & Conservation Under Secretary for Research, Education, & Economics Secretary of Agriculture U.S. Department of Agriculture
- 9. Childhood Obesity Prevention: 2010 • Generate new knowledge re: behavioral and environ’l factors that influence excessive weight gain by children. • 2. Develop effective behavioral and environmental interventions to: increase intake of fruits and vegetables; decrease intake of foods high in solid fats and sugars; increase physical activity and no. of children that meet guidelies for physical activity • 3. Bring effective interventions to scale and assess impact. • 4. Increase the no. of educators, practitioners, and researchers to address the problem of childhood obesity prevention.