The CPU processes digital information and communicates with other components via the motherboard. The motherboard connects all the parts including the CPU, memory, storage devices, ports and expansion cards. It communicates with these via the BIOS which allows the hardware components to communicate. The power supply converts mains power to a form suitable to run the computer components, while fans and heatsinks keep components from overheating.

1. Processors
CPU which stands for central processing unit. The processor is made
of a microchip which is usually connected to the computer
motherboard.
Processors carry out these functions by processing digital
information, receiving data and providing data.
the CPU communicate with the Hard Drive by
sending a signal down the external data bus into the
hard drive controller (IDE or SATA interface on the
motherboard) which then communicates with the
Hard drive asking it for the data. The CPU knows the
where about of the drive by communicating with
the Como’s. This also applies for the CD-ROM.

2. UK
Motherboard
The motherboard is known as the
heart of the computer because all
the components of the computer
connects to it. It is a green printed
circuit board found in every
computer and other devices. What
a motherboard does is that It
connects all the different
components in the computer to
allow it to communicate with one
another.

3. BIOS
Bios which stands for Basic
Input Output System is a
software which tells all the
hardware’s in a computer
how to communicate with
one another.

4. Power supply unit
The power supply unit is a hardware
that's used to change power that comes
from the outlet wall to useful electrical
energy to run the parts and hardware’s
in a computer. The electrical energy that
comes in can be used to start the
computer hardware and it keeps the
computer running.

5. Fan and heat sink
The fan and heat sink basically removes the
unnecessary heat being produced by
whatever the heat sink is attached to. In the
computer the heat is mostly produced by
the CPU chip. Therefore the fan and heat
sink prevents the computer from getting hot
and damaged so it kicks out the heat from
inside the computer.

6. Hard drive controllers
SATA which stands for Serial Advanced
Technology Attachment. What it does is
that it basically allows mass storage
devices such as hard drives to
communicate with the motherboard and
this is done by using a high speed serial
cable over 2 conductors.
Ide which stands for Integrated Drive
Electronics is a standard interface for
IBM. It is found connected to the
motherboard inside a computer.
Eide which stands for Enhanced
Integrated Drive Electronics. Eide is new
improved interface which is used
nowadays in a lot of computer because it
is faster and before it used to be called
IDE drive interface.

7. Port
A port is basically something which allows
the user to interface with computer. There
are different types of Ports on a computer
but the main ones are the mouse, keyboard.
A USB port is a normal cable connection
interface which allows the user to connect
any device to it so that he can import
pictures and videos onto the computer.
A parallel port is a type of interface found
on nearly every computer and laptop and it
is usually on the side of the laptop. It is
basically a connector which sends or
receive only several data simultaneously
A serial port is a serial communication
interface which transfer a flow of information
in and out but only a bit at a time.

8. Internal memory
RAM
Rom -
Ram is fast type of memory which can store applications,
data. There is a few stuff that can be stored in a ram and
they are the operating system, applications,
Rom is memory that can’t be changed by the computer
user or any program. ROM remembers its memory even if
the computer is shut down.
The internal memory is usually placed inside the memory
bank, which is found somewhere on the motherboard,
through there the motherboard communicates with the
computer.

9. Specialised cards.
A network card in an interface which is a piece of computer
hardware to allow computers to communicate over a
computer network.
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10. Peripherals
Output devices –
Input devices –
Many peripherals have to be
connected using a single standardized
interface socket.
To improve the plug-and-play
capabilities the computer permits
devices to be connected and
disconnected without the computer
to be rebooted.

11. Cabling
Coaxial:
Optical:
Twisted pair:

12. Backing storage
Floppy disks:
Pen drives:
Optical media:

13. Backing storage
Flash memory cards:
Portable drives:
Fixed drives: