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OXIDATION NUMBER
 Oxidation number are used to describe the
distribution of electrons among bonded atoms
 Covalent bond involves sharing of electrons, but
oxidation numbers show what the distribution
would be if the electrons were completely
transferred.
 Redox is a chemical reaction in which oxidation
states of atoms are changed.
 A good example is the reaction between hydrogen
and fluorine in which hydrogen is being oxidized
and fluorine is being reduced.
 This reaction involves both reduction as well as
oxidation process.
 The oxidation number of an atom is zero in a neutral
substance that contains atoms of only one element. Thus, the
atoms in O2, O3, P4, S8, and aluminum metal all have an
oxidation number of 0.
 The oxidation number of hydrogen is +1 when it is combined
with a nonmetal as in CH4, NH3, H2O, and HCl.
 The sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is
zero.
 H2O: 2(+1) + (-2) = 0
 The oxidation state of oxygen is -2. Find the
oxidation state of the other atoms in the
following ..
 H2O
 H2CO3
 HNO3
 H3PO4
OXIDATION NUMBER PPT

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OXIDATION NUMBER PPT

  • 1.
  • 3.  Oxidation number are used to describe the distribution of electrons among bonded atoms  Covalent bond involves sharing of electrons, but oxidation numbers show what the distribution would be if the electrons were completely transferred.
  • 4.  Redox is a chemical reaction in which oxidation states of atoms are changed.  A good example is the reaction between hydrogen and fluorine in which hydrogen is being oxidized and fluorine is being reduced.  This reaction involves both reduction as well as oxidation process.
  • 5.  The oxidation number of an atom is zero in a neutral substance that contains atoms of only one element. Thus, the atoms in O2, O3, P4, S8, and aluminum metal all have an oxidation number of 0.  The oxidation number of hydrogen is +1 when it is combined with a nonmetal as in CH4, NH3, H2O, and HCl.  The sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is zero.  H2O: 2(+1) + (-2) = 0
  • 6.  The oxidation state of oxygen is -2. Find the oxidation state of the other atoms in the following ..  H2O  H2CO3  HNO3  H3PO4