The document defines key terms about the environment including the physical surroundings like air and water that make up the environment, as well as the organisms that live within it. It notes that while all components of the environment interact naturally, human activities are increasingly damaging the balance. It also distinguishes between biodegradable wastes that can breakdown naturally and non-biodegradable wastes that cannot. Food chains and webs are explained as the network of relationships between species within an ecosystem, with producers, consumers and decomposers. The document concludes with emphasizing the importance of reducing waste, reusing materials, and recycling to help preserve the environment.

1. Our Environment

2. What is Environment
The physical and biological world where we live is called our
environment.
The physical surroundings includes air (or atmosphere), water
bodies, soil (land).

3. Biological includes all the organisms such as plants, animals, human
beings and micro-organisms like bacteria and fungi (called
decomposers). All these constituents of the environment are depend
on one another.
So all the constituent of environment interact with one another
and maintain a balance in the environment in a natural way.

5. Human beings are the only organisms who change the natural environment
to fulfill their needs.
In fact, the uncontrolled activities of human beings are damaging the
balanced and healthy environment more am more.

6. Biodegradable And Non-biodegrable
Waste
Those waste materials which can be broken down to non-poisonous
substances in nature by the action of microorganism like bacteria. Cattle
dung and compost are common e.g. of biodegradable waste.

7. Waste materials which cannot be broken down into non-poisonous
or harmless substances in nature are called non-biodegradable
wastes. e.g. are plastic bags, metal articles, synthetic fibers etc.

8. Ecosystem
Natural
Ecosystem
forests
ponds,
lakes
Artificial
Ecosystem
garden,
crop field
Ecosystem

9. Ecosystem
Biotic Abiotic

10. • Biotic: Living
components of an
ecosystem such as
animals & plants are
called biotic.
• Abiotic: Non-living
components of an
ecosystem such as
land, water & air
are called abiotic.

11. Producers, Consumers, Decomposers.
Producers
chlorophyll
Consumers
herbivores
carnivores
Decomposers
food chain
omnivores,
parasites

12. FOOD CHAIN
• The above energy pyramid
shows many trees & shrubs
providing food and energy to
giraffes. Note that as we go up,
there are fewer giraffes than
trees & shrubs and even fewer
lions than giraffes ... as we go
further along a food chain,
there are fewer and fewer
consumers. In other words, a
large mass of living things at
the base is required to support
a few at the top ... many
herbivores are needed to
support a few carnivores.

13. • Most food chains no more than
have four or five l inks.

14. Food Web
The inter-connected food chains operating in an ecosystem which establish a
network of relationship between various species is called a food web.
The food web has many intercrosses and linkages among the various species
(producers and consumers) present in it. They operate in the form of a
network of food chain.

16. The Three R’s To Save the Environment
Reduce
Reduce means that we use less of the natural resource by cutting down on
those practices which lead to their wastage. For e.g. we can reduce the
wastage of electricity by switching of unnecessary light & fans. Saving
electricity means we are saving the use of coal because coal is used to
produce electricity.

17. Recycle
Recycling means that we should collect the used and discarded items of
paper, plastic, glass etc. in order to recycle materials we should first
segregate our domestic waste properly so that materials which can be
recycled do not get dumped along with other household wastes which are
to be thrown away.

18. Reuse
Reuse means we should use the same things again. For e.g. the plastic jars in
which we buy various food items like jams and pickles etc. can be used later
on for storing things like salt, spices, sugar, tea leaves etc. The process of
reuse is better than that of recycling because energy is used to recycle old
objects.

19. Plastic recycling
• Plastic recycling is the
process of recovering scrap
or waste plastics and
reprocessing the material
into useful products,
sometimes completely
different in form from
their original state.
• For instance, this could
mean melting down soft
drink bottles and then
casting them as plastic
chairs and tables.

20. Ways to reduce plastic use
Bring your own cloth bags to
the grocery store (or any
store!).
Don't buy convenience
foods packages in plastic.
Use rechargeable batteries
to reduce buying batteries
Segregate waste into dry & wet
garbage.
packaged in plastic.

21. Preserve environment !!!
• Proper
collection of
garbage &
converting into
manure.
• Use CNG
gas in
vehicles.
• Reduce
pollution.
• Awareness
through
Documentaries
/newspapers
Afforestation
Proper
disposal of
factory
waste & non
biodegrable
waste.
Less usage
of
pesticides,
fertilizers.
Ban
plastic
bags & use
paper
bags.

23. Thank you
Made By:
Dhaval AND SAMEEP