Liver cirrhosis can lead to several other diseases and complications due to the liver's impaired functioning. Edema occurs when the kidneys retain too much salt and water, causing swelling. Ascites is an accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity that causes swelling and discomfort. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a potentially life-threatening infection of the abdominal fluid caused by ascites. Portal hypertension is increased blood pressure in the portal vein draining the intestines due to blocked blood flow, which can cause bleeding from esophageal varices. Diabetes can also occur since the liver plays a key role in regulating blood sugar levels.