Schools are complex organizations that deal with human resources, curriculum, communication, finances, discipline, record keeping, and student guidance. They organize teachers into teams to distribute work and share information. Effective leadership involves strategic planning, communication, and acting as a change agent. Key aspects of management include developing a broad and balanced curriculum tailored to student needs, effective human resource management of teachers, maintaining communication, keeping accurate records, and properly managing resources and finances.

2. School – Complex Organization
Deals with :
- Human Resources
- Curriculum
- Communication
- Resources and Finance
- Discipline
- Record Keeping
- Guidance
School is partially autonomous

3. School as Teams within a Team
Organizing in teams for work distribution,
management control, distribution of duties,
information gathering and processing.
Types of Teams: HODs, Grade Supervisors, Grade
Teachers, Form Teachers, etc…
Working Together in Teams produces greater output.
Members believe they are relevant, appropriate and
necessary.

4. Leadership
More than Management
Involves forward planning, vision, foresight, school
development planning, communication, student
needs, general administration.
Curriculum leader, financial and resource manager.
Leadership style very important.
Change Agent
All Teachers should be leaders and managers in their
own right.

5. Strategic and Critical Management
Points and Management Roles
Curriculum :
- Broad and balanced
- Careful selection of subjects
- Appropriately Timed
- Teaching styles
- Student assessment
- Teacher placement.
- Classroom Management
- Relevant to Student Needs

6. Human Resource Management
Teachers – Recruitment, Training, Motivation,
Maintaining interest of students
Right Person influences effective teaching and
learning.
Structures must be in place to deal with existence of
vacancies to appointment followed by induction,
mentoring and appraising.

7. Communication
Sharing of information – written, spoken, electronic.
Long, medium and short term.
Extensive in all schools
Two way process - must be sent, received and acted
upon.
Barriers to Communication

8. Record Keeping
Administrative
Teachers’ Records
Students’ Records
Personal Information
Registration
Finance and Resources
Teachers
Student Achievement – homework/ classwork/ tests/
exams.

9. Record Keeping
Storage – manual/ electronic
Must be valid, reliable, confidentiality maintained.
Moving to electronic saves time, more accurate,
allows teachers more time for planning, teaching and
assessing.

10. Management of Resources and
Finances
Deployment of Limited Resources
Restriction – Government, parents contribution
Budgeting – Appropriate distribution
Contributions
Fund Raising – Care, if excessive, detriment to
teaching.
Financial Management – Decision making,
management, and accountability.

11. Suggested H.R.M
Structure for Effective School Management

12. Suggested H.R.M
Structure for Effective School Management

13. Suggested H.R.M
Structure for Effective School Management