The document provides an overview of operations research and its applications. It defines operations research as the scientific study of operations to make better decisions. It then outlines the typical steps involved: (1) defining the problem and gathering data; (2) formulating a model to represent the problem; (3) deriving solutions from the model; and (4) validating the model. It provides examples of applying operations research to problems in transportation, business, and tuberculosis treatment and prevention.

1. OPERATIONS
RESEARCH
S.Muthuganesh M.Sc.,B.Ed
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science
Vivekananda College
Tiruvedakam West

2. Introduction
• Computer science students obviously need to use mathematics
because it encourages logical reasoning, critical thinking, problem-
solving as well as creativity which has a positive effect on their
learning.

3. • Discrete mathematics, linear algebra, Numerical methods, and
graph theory are the math courses most relevant to the computer
science profession. If you want to become an software engineer, use
these types of mathematics. Without these math classes, you may
struggle to manage understand the concepts of data structures,
databases, and algorithms.

4. DEFINITIONS
Operational research is the scientific study
of operations to make better decisions.

5. Decision making is a key part of our daily
life.
•Decision making is a key part of our daily life.
I need a AC Should I buy it now?
Is it affordable now?
Which company should I go for?
•Final decision should be to maximise benefits and minimise
effort and time

6. Steps of involving Operation
Research

8.  Define the problem and gather
the data
 Formulate a model to represent
the problem
 Derive a solutions from the
model
 Validate the model

9. Define the problem
How to define the problem?
•Study the relevant system (business, industry etc) and
develop a well defined statement of problem to be
considered.
•It helps to determine objectives (Ex: Minimize cost of
operation, maximize the profit of company, maintain high
level of safety).

10. Formulate Model
• Models are representations of real objects or situations and can be
presented in various forms. The purpose of any model is that it
enables us to make conclusion about the real situation by studying
and analysing the model.
• Example Blue print

11. Derive a solution from the model
• Numerous algorithms are available to solve the problem (ex: simplex
algorithm, Graphical method)
• A common theme in OR is search for an optimal or best solution .

12. Install and Maintain the Solution
• Once we get the optimal values of x and y and objective function
instructions are given to the concerned personal to manufacture the
products as per the optimal solution, and maintain the same until
further instructions.

13. Operation research in TB
• 1.Access to screening and diagnosis of TB (identify the patients)
• 2. Developing sustainable collaboration with all practitioners for TB care and
control (Develop a Model)
• 3. Prevention of TB in HIV patients and combined HIV/TB treatment
(implementation)
• 4. Treatment of Drug‐susceptible and MDR/XDR‐TB: optimal access,delivery and
community participation (deployment).

14. Who is software Engineer?
• A software engineer is a person who applies the principles of
software engineering to the analysis, design, development,
maintenance, testing, and evaluation of computer software.

16. Requirement gathering and analysis
• Business requirements are gathered in this stage. This stage is the main focus of
the project managers and client.
• Meetings with managers, clients and users are held in order to determine the
requirements like;
• Who is going to use the system?
• What data should be input into the system?
• What data should be output by the system?
• These are general questions that get answered during a requirements gathering ..

17. Design
• In this stage the system and software design is prepared from the requirement
specifications which were studied in the first stage.
• System Design helps in specifying hardware and system requirements and also
helps in defining overall system architecture.
• The system design specifications serve as input for the next phase of the model

18. Implementation / Coding
• On receiving system design documents, the work is divided in
modules/units and actual coding is started.
• In this stage the code is produced, so it is the main focus for the
developer.
• This is the longest stage of the software development life cycle.

19. Testing
• After the code is developed it is tested against the requirements to
make sure that the product is actually solving the needs addressed
and gathered during the requirements phase.

20. Deployment
• After successful testing the product is delivered / deployed to the
customer for their use.

21. HISTORY
•During 2nd World War how to use the limited
military resources effectively to win the battle by
UK?
•They studied strategic and tactical problems
associated with air and land defence of the country,
and won the war.
•Since the time has expanded into the field widely
used in industries, finances, logistics and
Governments.

22. Thank you