The document outlines the features and benefits of Ceph, an open-source software-defined storage solution that integrates with OpenStack. It highlights key components like RADOS, RBD, and CephFS, which facilitate object, block, and file storage, respectively. Recent updates indicate that Ceph has become the preferred storage choice for OpenStack, featuring new functionalities like improved deployment and enhanced support for legacy systems.

1. The Future of Cloud
Software Defined
Storage with
Ceph

2. 2
Andrew Hatfield
Practice Lead – Cloud Storage and Big Data (ANZ)
Red Hat
andrew.hatfield@redhat.com
@andrewhatfield
/usr/bin/whoami

3. 3
Overview
● What is Ceph
● Integration with OpenStack
– Stuff you already know is cool
● New stuff coming
– Even more cool stuff!

4. 4
What is Ceph

5. 5
PROPRIETARY
HARDWARE
PROPRIETARY
SOFTWARE
SUPPORT &
MAINTENANCE
COMPUTER DISK
COMPUTER DISK
COMPUTER DISK
STANDARD
HARDWARE
OPEN SOURCE
SOFTWARE
ENTERPRISE
PRODUCTS & SERVICES
COMPUTER DISK
COMPUTER DISK
COMPUTER DISK
A Storage Revolution

6. 6
CEPH COMPONENTS
RGW
web services gateway
for object storage,
compatible with S3 and
Swift
LIBRADOS
client library allowing apps to access RADOS (C, C++, Java, Python, Ruby, PHP)
RADOS
software-based, reliable, autonomous, distributed object store comprised of
self-healing, self-managing, intelligent storage nodes and lightweight monitors
RBD
reliable, fully-distributed
block device with cloud
platform integration
CEPHFS
distributed file system
with POSIX semantics
and scale-out metadata
management
APP HOST/VM CLIENT

7. RADOS CLUSTER
7
APPLICATION
M M
M M
M
RADOS CLUSTER

8. OBJECT STORAGE DAEMONS
8
FS
DISK
OSD
DISK
OSD
FS
DISK
OSD
FS
DISK
OSD
FS
M
M
M

9. RADOS COMPONENTS
9
OSDs:
 10s to 10,000s in a cluster
 One per disk (or one per SSD, RAID group…)
 Serve stored objects to clients
 Intelligently peer for replication & recovery
Monitors:
 Maintain cluster membership and state
 Provide consensus for distributed decision-
making
 Small, odd number
 These do not serve stored objects to clients
M

10. CRUSH: DYNAMIC DATA
PLACEMENT
10
CRUSH:
 Pseudo-random placement algorithm
 Fast calculation, no lookup
 Repeatable, deterministic
 Statistically uniform distribution
 Stable mapping
 Limited data migration on change
 Rule-based configuration
 Infrastructure topology aware
 Adjustable replication
 Weighting

11. DATA IS ORGANIZED INTO POOLS
11
CLUSTER
OBJECTS
10
01
01
10
10
01 11
01
1001
0110 10 01
11
01
POOLS
(CONTAINING PGs)
10
01
11
01
10
01
01
10
01
10
10
01
11
01
10
01
10 01 10 11
01
11
01
10
10
01
01
01
10
10
01
01
POOL
A
POOL
B
POOL
C
POOL
D
OBJECTS
OBJECTS
OBJECTS

12. 12
Integration with OpenStack

13. THE RADOS GATEWAY
13
M M
M
RADOS CLUSTER
RADOSGW
LIBRADOS
socket
RADOSGW
LIBRADOS
APPLICATION APPLICATION
REST

14. RADOSGW MAKES RADOS WEBBY
14
RADOSGW:
 REST-based object storage proxy
 Uses RADOS to store objects
 API supports buckets, accounts
 Usage accounting for billing
 Compatible with S3 and Swift applications

15. RBD STORES VIRTUAL DISKS
15
RADOS BLOCK DEVICE:
 Storage of disk images in RADOS
 Decouples VMs from host
 Images are striped across the cluster (pool)
 Snapshots
 Copy-on-write clones
 Support in:
 Mainline Linux Kernel (2.6.39+)
 Qemu/KVM, native Xen coming soon
 OpenStack, CloudStack, Nebula, Proxmox

16. KERNEL MODULE FOR MAX FLEXIBLE!
16
M M
RADOS CLUSTER
LINUX HOST
KRBD

17. STORING VIRTUAL DISKS
17
M M
RADOS CLUSTER
HYPERVISOR
LIBRBD
VM

18. CEPH AND OPENSTACK
18
RADOSGW
LIBRADOS
M M
RADOS CLUSTER
OPENSTACK
KEYSTONE CINDER GLANCE NOVASWIFT
LIBRBD LIBRBD
HYPER-
VISOR
LIBRBD

19. 19
What is New()?

20. 20
Recent news
● Ceph continues to be the #1 storage choice for Open Stack (April User Survey)
● Ceph is now an openstack.org Reference Architecture (joining LVM & NFS)
● Ceph at Percona Live for MySQL Database-as-a-Service
● CephFS is now stable and ready for testing (Jewel release)
● ceph-ansible deployment in 2 commands

21. 21
● OpenStack Manila + CephFS for File-as-a-Service
● BlueStore – Direct to block device, no filesystem
● Active / Active Multi-master RGW for global object stores
● NFS Gateway for RGW (v4 only) for legacy access
● Active Directory support for RGW
● AWS4 Support
● Swift – Keystone v3, Object expiration, tenant namespaces, static large
objects
● RBD mirroring
● Client IO prioritised over scrubbing
● Containerised Ceph
Work in Progress

22. 22
THANK YOU!
Andrew Hatfield
Practice Lead - Cloud
Storage and Big Data
andrew.hatfield@
redhat.com
@andrewhatfield