This document defines open loop and closed loop control systems. It provides examples of each type of system. Open loop systems do not automatically correct variations in output. Examples given are automatic washing machines and electric hand dryers. Advantages are simplicity and cost, disadvantages are inaccuracy and need for recalibration. Closed loop systems do automatically correct variations in output using feedback. Examples provided are missile tracking and temperature control. Advantages include high accuracy and ability to correct errors. Disadvantages are more complex design and potential instability.

1. Gandhinagar Institute of Technology
CSE (2150909)
ALA Presentation
On
“Open loop and Closed loop system”
Prepared By: Soham Gajjar N. Guided By:
Sem:- 5th
Electrical Engineering Department
Batch – A1

2. DEFINITION OF SYSTEM AND
CONTROL SYSTEM
• System: A collection or arrangement of
physical components for desired
purpose.
• Control system: The control system is
that means by which any quantity of
interest in a machine, mechanism or
other equipment is maintained or
altered in accordance with a desired

3. TYPES OF CONTROL SYSTEM
According to their construction
Open-loop control system
Closed loop control system
According to their control operation
Manual control system
Automatic control system

4. OPEN-LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM
• Any physical system which does not automatically correct for
variation in its output , is called an open-loop control system.
• In this type of the system no any feedback element is connected

5. EXAMPLES OF OPEN-LOOP CONTROL
SYSTEM
• Automatic washing machine
In automatic washing machine, we give dirty clothes as input and output is clean clothes.
In automatic washing machine timer is set ,in fixed it complete it’s washing process.
It does not detect clothes are cleaned in set time.
So, Automatic machine is open-loop control system.

6. CONTINUE…
Electric hand Drier –
•Hot air (out put) comes out ,When you keep your hand under the
machine.
•When you keep your hand under the machine starts for fixed time .
•If you take your hand from under the machine early , machine does
not off immediately .
•It on for fixed time.

7. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF OPENLOOP CONTROL SYSTEM
Advantages:-
•They are simple in construction and design.
•They are economic.
•Easy maintenance.
•Not much problem of stability.
Disadvantages:-
•In accurate and unreliable because accuracy is dependent on accuracy of
calibration.
•Inaccurate results are obtained with parameter variation, internal disturbance.
•To maintain the quality and accuracy , recalibration of the system is necessary
from time to time.

8. CLOSED-LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM
• Any physical system which does automatically correct for variation in
its output, is called closed-loop control system.
• Closed-loop control has feedback elements .

9. EXAMPLES OF CLOSED LOOP
SYSTEMS
• Missile tracking system In this mechanism radar continuously detect
unknown flying object and then send the signal to the

10. EXAMPLE
• Examples of automatic control systems:
temperature control using a room heater

11. MODERN EXAMPLES OF CLOSED
LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM

12. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
CLOSED-LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM
• Advantages:-
1. Accuracy is very high as any error arising is corrected.
2. It senses changes in output due to environment or parametric
changes, internal disturbance etc. and correct the same.
3. Reduced effect of non-linearties.
• Disadvantages:-
1. Complicated in design and maintenance costlier.
2. System may become unstable
3. High bandwidth.