Objective: To find out overall, gender specific, site specific and type of injury specific prevalence rate of
musculoskeletal injuries in boxing players.
Methodology: Study Design: Cross sectional, survey study, retrospective model.
Sample size: 105 boxing players (73 males and 32 females).
Method: Injury data was collected from each player using modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Injury
Questionnaire.
Data analysis: Data was entered into MS Excel for further analysis.
Results: 48 players out of 105 was injured leading to 46% overall prevalence of injury among boxing players.
Males injured slightly higher than females. Upper limb injuries were the most common area followed by lower
limb. Wrist & Hand, Knee & Leg, Low back the most common sites of injury. Sprain and strain accounted more
than 90% of total injuries.
Conclusion: Prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries is high among boxing players. Conditioning by coaches and
early rehabilitation by physiotherapists are essential to reduce the injury rate in this population.
Comparative study on the agility and flexibility ability of state and nationa...SubmissionResearchpa
Sports, the most ancient human endeavour, known through ages since the time of Hercules, relates to various form of recreational activities like hunting, shooting, sailing,, outdoor games, athletics, swimming etc .Every society tries to include certain values in younger generation through the medium of sports. Ancient society want to encourage valour, dignity and loyalty to the group. Likewise modern society emphasizes specialization, professionalization and commercialization in the realm of sports also. In the present day scenario “Sports For all” has become a popular slogan all over world. Games and sports are is the specialised field. It requires a specific, scientific, and systematic type of training to increase optimum performance of the player. Each game requires different and specific type of physical fitness, components and training method to develop that components there are five physical fitness components and inter related to each other directly and indirectly each components has its own importance in different games and sports. Volleyball and Handball required flexibility and agility which influence the performance of the player and game. That is why the purpose of the study was to compare the flexibility and agility between the state and national level players of volleyball and handball of district Poonch( jammu and Kashmir) state. To collect data for this study, total 30 (No 30) subject were selected out of which fifteen(15) from Handball and fifteen from Volleyball discipline in District Poonch of J&K State. The age of the subject were ranged from 15 to 20 years according to the school and college records. Flexibility and agility ability were selected as dependent variables for the study. Sit and reach test was used to measured flexibility and 10*4 shuttle run test was used to measured agility of the players. These tests were administered after proper ground marking, proper demonstration and proper warming up of the players. The collected data were statistically analyzed for significant difference by using independent test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. by Neeraj Sharma and Shafqit Hussain 2020. Comparative study on the agility and flexibility ability of state and national level male players between handball and volleyball of poonch district ( jammu and kashmir). International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 5 (Mar. 2020), 112-116. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i5.186. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/186/180 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/186
This document summarizes musculoskeletal injuries in boxing and wrestling players in the Hisar region of India. It reports that the one-year prevalence of injuries in boxing players was 46% and in wrestling players was 44%. The most common injury sites in boxing were the wrist/hand and knee/leg, while in wrestling they were the knee/leg, upper back, and lower back. Males had a slightly higher reported injury prevalence than females in both sports. Upper limb injuries were more common in boxing, while lower limb injuries were more frequent in wrestling. The study had some limitations but provides an initial overview of injury patterns.
Critical analysis of unforced error of all India intervarsity tennis playersSports Journal
The purpose of this study was to analyze the unforced errors in the performances of Tennis players. For
the purpose of this study 26 male tennis players were selected who had participated in All India
Intervarsity Tennis (Men’s) championship held in Jiwaji University, Gwalior 2008-09. The following
measures were selected in analyzing the unforced error in Tennis; First serve, Second serve, Foot fault,
Fore hand drive fault, Back hand drive fault, Smash fault, Back hand slice and Fore hand slice. The tester
competency was evaluated together with the reliability of the tester by analyzing the performance of the
26 players of All India Intervarsity tennis (Men’s) championship. The data was collected for each
criterion measure by seen the match performance during the All India Intervarsity Tennis (Men’s)
championship. For the critical analysis of unforced error in the performance of All India Tennis players
‘t’-test was employed. The level of significance was set at 0.05.The finding of the study revealed that The
players of All India Intervarsity Tennis (Men) championship did not show any statistical significant
differences in unforced errors related to first service fault, second service fault, foot fault, forehand drive
fault, backhand drive fault, smash fault, backhand slice fault & forehand slice fault. This may be
attributed to the fact that they have comparatively same level of skill & technique and are playing in a
same competition.
This document summarizes a presentation on the clinical utility of using Valsalva imaging when evaluating patients for athletic pubalgia via MRI. The study found that employing axial T2-weighted imaging with Valsalva breath-holding increased the detection of other groin injuries like inguinal hernias and Gilmore's groin. Without Valsalva imaging, other pathologies were found in 25% of cases, but with Valsalva imaging this increased to 43% of cases. In several cases, injuries were only visible on the Valsalva sequences. Based on these results, the authors modified their athletic pubalgia MRI protocol to routinely include Valsalva sequences.
This research article studied whether TRX suspension training could reduce injury rates in futsal athletes by improving Functional Movement Screening (FMS) scores. 24 futsal players were randomly assigned to a control or intervention group. The intervention group did TRX training 3 times a week for 6 weeks, while the control group did regular training. Both groups were tested with the FMS before and after. The intervention group significantly improved their deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, trunk rotary stability, and total FMS scores compared to the control group. The results suggest that TRX training can strengthen the core and improve motor control patterns to potentially reduce injuries in futsal players by increasing FMS scores.
THE INFLUENCE OF BALL-TOUCHES NUMBER ON PHYSICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL DEMANDS OF...Ángel Aceña Rodríguez
This study examined the influence of ball touches on the physical and physiological demands of 7 vs 7 large-sided soccer games. Players' heart rate and distance covered were measured during games with 1 touch, 2 touch, and free touch ball possession rules. Higher heart rates and distances covered were found during the free touch games compared to the 1 and 2 touch games. Limiting ball touches increased the physical work of the large-sided games. These results provide coaches information to modify game formats and intensity during training.
This document provides an overview of osteoarthritis (OA), including its definition, epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment approaches. OA is a common joint disorder characterized by cartilage breakdown and bone changes that cause pain and stiffness. Risk factors include age, obesity, joint injuries, and genetics. Treatment involves education, exercise, weight loss, analgesics like acetaminophen and NSAIDs, and possibly joint replacement surgery for severe cases.
Mal-Alignment as a Risk Factor for Lower Extremity Overuse Injuries: A Case C...iosrjce
This study examined the association between mal-alignment and lower extremity overuse injuries in young adults engaged in unorganized sports activities. The study included 471 cases with overuse injuries and 857 controls without injuries. Mal-alignment was assessed clinically and radiographically. The most common unorganized activity was recreational running. A statistically significant correlation was found between mal-alignment and overuse injuries (p=0.003). The study concluded that overuse injuries in young adults are significantly associated with mal-alignments.
Comparative study on the agility and flexibility ability of state and nationa...SubmissionResearchpa
Sports, the most ancient human endeavour, known through ages since the time of Hercules, relates to various form of recreational activities like hunting, shooting, sailing,, outdoor games, athletics, swimming etc .Every society tries to include certain values in younger generation through the medium of sports. Ancient society want to encourage valour, dignity and loyalty to the group. Likewise modern society emphasizes specialization, professionalization and commercialization in the realm of sports also. In the present day scenario “Sports For all” has become a popular slogan all over world. Games and sports are is the specialised field. It requires a specific, scientific, and systematic type of training to increase optimum performance of the player. Each game requires different and specific type of physical fitness, components and training method to develop that components there are five physical fitness components and inter related to each other directly and indirectly each components has its own importance in different games and sports. Volleyball and Handball required flexibility and agility which influence the performance of the player and game. That is why the purpose of the study was to compare the flexibility and agility between the state and national level players of volleyball and handball of district Poonch( jammu and Kashmir) state. To collect data for this study, total 30 (No 30) subject were selected out of which fifteen(15) from Handball and fifteen from Volleyball discipline in District Poonch of J&K State. The age of the subject were ranged from 15 to 20 years according to the school and college records. Flexibility and agility ability were selected as dependent variables for the study. Sit and reach test was used to measured flexibility and 10*4 shuttle run test was used to measured agility of the players. These tests were administered after proper ground marking, proper demonstration and proper warming up of the players. The collected data were statistically analyzed for significant difference by using independent test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. by Neeraj Sharma and Shafqit Hussain 2020. Comparative study on the agility and flexibility ability of state and national level male players between handball and volleyball of poonch district ( jammu and kashmir). International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 5 (Mar. 2020), 112-116. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i5.186. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/186/180 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/186
This document summarizes musculoskeletal injuries in boxing and wrestling players in the Hisar region of India. It reports that the one-year prevalence of injuries in boxing players was 46% and in wrestling players was 44%. The most common injury sites in boxing were the wrist/hand and knee/leg, while in wrestling they were the knee/leg, upper back, and lower back. Males had a slightly higher reported injury prevalence than females in both sports. Upper limb injuries were more common in boxing, while lower limb injuries were more frequent in wrestling. The study had some limitations but provides an initial overview of injury patterns.
Critical analysis of unforced error of all India intervarsity tennis playersSports Journal
The purpose of this study was to analyze the unforced errors in the performances of Tennis players. For
the purpose of this study 26 male tennis players were selected who had participated in All India
Intervarsity Tennis (Men’s) championship held in Jiwaji University, Gwalior 2008-09. The following
measures were selected in analyzing the unforced error in Tennis; First serve, Second serve, Foot fault,
Fore hand drive fault, Back hand drive fault, Smash fault, Back hand slice and Fore hand slice. The tester
competency was evaluated together with the reliability of the tester by analyzing the performance of the
26 players of All India Intervarsity tennis (Men’s) championship. The data was collected for each
criterion measure by seen the match performance during the All India Intervarsity Tennis (Men’s)
championship. For the critical analysis of unforced error in the performance of All India Tennis players
‘t’-test was employed. The level of significance was set at 0.05.The finding of the study revealed that The
players of All India Intervarsity Tennis (Men) championship did not show any statistical significant
differences in unforced errors related to first service fault, second service fault, foot fault, forehand drive
fault, backhand drive fault, smash fault, backhand slice fault & forehand slice fault. This may be
attributed to the fact that they have comparatively same level of skill & technique and are playing in a
same competition.
This document summarizes a presentation on the clinical utility of using Valsalva imaging when evaluating patients for athletic pubalgia via MRI. The study found that employing axial T2-weighted imaging with Valsalva breath-holding increased the detection of other groin injuries like inguinal hernias and Gilmore's groin. Without Valsalva imaging, other pathologies were found in 25% of cases, but with Valsalva imaging this increased to 43% of cases. In several cases, injuries were only visible on the Valsalva sequences. Based on these results, the authors modified their athletic pubalgia MRI protocol to routinely include Valsalva sequences.
This research article studied whether TRX suspension training could reduce injury rates in futsal athletes by improving Functional Movement Screening (FMS) scores. 24 futsal players were randomly assigned to a control or intervention group. The intervention group did TRX training 3 times a week for 6 weeks, while the control group did regular training. Both groups were tested with the FMS before and after. The intervention group significantly improved their deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, trunk rotary stability, and total FMS scores compared to the control group. The results suggest that TRX training can strengthen the core and improve motor control patterns to potentially reduce injuries in futsal players by increasing FMS scores.
THE INFLUENCE OF BALL-TOUCHES NUMBER ON PHYSICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL DEMANDS OF...Ángel Aceña Rodríguez
This study examined the influence of ball touches on the physical and physiological demands of 7 vs 7 large-sided soccer games. Players' heart rate and distance covered were measured during games with 1 touch, 2 touch, and free touch ball possession rules. Higher heart rates and distances covered were found during the free touch games compared to the 1 and 2 touch games. Limiting ball touches increased the physical work of the large-sided games. These results provide coaches information to modify game formats and intensity during training.
This document provides an overview of osteoarthritis (OA), including its definition, epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment approaches. OA is a common joint disorder characterized by cartilage breakdown and bone changes that cause pain and stiffness. Risk factors include age, obesity, joint injuries, and genetics. Treatment involves education, exercise, weight loss, analgesics like acetaminophen and NSAIDs, and possibly joint replacement surgery for severe cases.
Mal-Alignment as a Risk Factor for Lower Extremity Overuse Injuries: A Case C...iosrjce
This study examined the association between mal-alignment and lower extremity overuse injuries in young adults engaged in unorganized sports activities. The study included 471 cases with overuse injuries and 857 controls without injuries. Mal-alignment was assessed clinically and radiographically. The most common unorganized activity was recreational running. A statistically significant correlation was found between mal-alignment and overuse injuries (p=0.003). The study concluded that overuse injuries in young adults are significantly associated with mal-alignments.
The document discusses the effects of plyometric training on physical fitness components of Under-17 female volleyball players in Debark town, Ethiopia. It describes a study that involved 15 experimental players who underwent 12 weeks of plyometric training and 15 control players. Measures of power, agility, muscular endurance and balance were tested before and after for both groups. The results showed significant improvements in the experimental group for all measures compared to the control group. The study concluded that plyometric training can effectively improve components related to volleyball performance for young female players.
This document is a research project submitted by a student investigating the influence of fluid restriction on cognition and mood in university basketball players. It includes an introduction outlining the importance of cognition and mood for sport performance and lack of research on dehydration effects in basketball. The literature review discusses high sweat losses in basketball, limited basketball-specific studies, and more sport-specific studies showing detrimental effects of >2% dehydration on cognition and mood. The study aims to examine effects of fluid provision vs. restriction on cognitive function and mood after a simulated basketball game while accounting for limitations of previous research.
[17 23]psychological evaluation of sports persons with disabilityAlexander Decker
1) The study compared the sensation seeking and anxiety levels of 15 cricketers and 15 sprinters with vision impairments who participated in national tournaments.
2) Psychological tests found that cricketers had significantly higher sensation seeking and anxiety than sprinters. This is likely due to the unpredictable nature of cricket compared to the more predictable track environment for sprinters.
3) The study concluded that there were statistically significant differences in sensation seeking and anxiety between cricketers and sprinters with vision impairments. Further research on psychological profiles of disabled athletes was recommended.
Training Load and Fatigue Marker Associations with Injury and IllnessFernando Farias
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the litera-
ture that has reported the monitoring of longitudinal
training load and fatigue and its relationship with injury
and illness. The current findings highlight disparity in the
terms used to define training load, fatigue, injury and ill-
ness, as well as a lack of investigation of fatigue and
training load interactions. Key stages of training and
competition where the athlete is at an increased risk of
injury/illness risk were identified. These included periods
of training load intensification, accumulation of training
load and acute change in load. Modifying training load
during these periods may help reduce the potential for
injury and illness.
Artigo - Acupuncture on oxygen consumptionRenato Almeida
1) Auricular acupuncture had a significant effect on improving the oxygen consumption and recovery ability of boxing athletes.
2) The study found that VO2max, a key indicator of cardiovascular endurance, was significantly higher after auricular acupuncture stimulation compared to a control group.
3) Auricular acupuncture stimulation may enhance athletic performance by improving aerobic ability as shown by increased VO2max and VEmax, and faster recovery of heart rate and body temperature after exercise.
This study compared the effectiveness of two rehabilitation programs for acute hamstring strains. Twenty-four athletes with hamstring strains were randomly assigned to either a static stretching, isolated strengthening, and icing program (STST group) or a progressive agility, trunk stabilization, and icing program (PATS group). The PATS group had a significantly shorter average time to return to sports (22.2 days vs 37.4 days) and lower reinjury rates both within 2 weeks of returning (0% vs 54.5%) and within 1 year (7.7% vs 70%) compared to the STST group. A rehabilitation program including progressive agility and trunk stabilization exercises was found to be more effective for returning athletes to
11.[7 11]psychological evaluation of sports persons with disabilityAlexander Decker
The document summarizes a study that compared the sensation seeking and anxiety levels of cricketers and sprinters with vision impairment. Thirty male athletes aged 18-25 participated, with 15 cricketers and 15 sprinters. Tests measuring sensation seeking and anxiety found that cricketers had significantly higher levels of sensation seeking and anxiety than sprinters. The nature of cricket, with its unpredictability, contributes to higher sensation seeking in cricketers compared to the more predictable sprint events.
To Compare The Effect Of Core Stability Exercises And Muscle Energy Technique...IOSR Journals
Abstract: Low back pain is considered one of the commonest condition in the western and industrialized
countries. It is estimated that up to 50% of adults experience low back pain during their life span. People of all
age group can be effected by this menace irrespective to their gender and quality of life. It has become one of
the leading causes for the visit to physician thus also puts a heavy burden on the currency of the country.
Physiotherapy is the most widely used form of treatment adopted for gaining relief from low back pain. The
exercises include stretching, strengthening, range of motion exercises, McKenzie therapy and core stability
exercises other techniques like muscle energy technique etc. It has been concluded in various studies core
stability exercises and muscle energy technique are beneficial in low back pain patients but comparison of their
effect needs to be established to provide early and better relief from the disability. Therefore objective of the
study was to compare the effect of core stability exercises and muscle energy techniques on low back pain
patients. 60 subjects aged 18 – 45 years with low back pain were made part of the study based on inclusion and
exclusion criteria and were then divided into three groups named A, B and C. Group A received core stability
exercise and conventional physiotheraphy and group B received muscle energy techniques and conventional
physiotherapy. The exercise program was given on alternate days with a total of 24 sessions and progression of
the activity was made within the tolerance of the patient. Pre and post treatment readings were taken of pain,
ROM and quality of life scale. Results were analyzed using paired, unpaired t- test and ANOVA. Results showed
that there is significant effect on pain, ROM and quality of life scale in the three groups but group A was
clinically more significant than the other groups. The study concluded that patients with low back pain are
benefitted more by core stability exercises. So, core stability exercises should be practiced more.
Keywords: Low Back Pain, Core Stabilization Exercises, Muscle Energy Technique.
lloyd Irvin | The Effectiveness Of Hard Martial Arts Lloyd Irvin
Lloyd Irvin is a martial arts company that provides training in traditional Japanese style karate for beginner and advanced level students in the Maryland area. The instructors are dedicated to improving students’ competence, confidence, character, coping skills, and control, and handles classes seven days a week, specific workshops, summer training, black belt clinics, children’s events, and benefit tourneys.
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the organizational structure, administrative framework, and sports facilities at the District Jail in Lucknow, India. Researchers surveyed 50 prisoners and 5 administrators using a questionnaire about these topics. The results indicated that some prisoners wanted to continue playing sports after release, while some administrators felt the government should provide better sports facilities in jails. Many prisoners preferred watching sports on TV over participating.
ISMST 2015 Abstract 2 - The influence of medical shockwaves on muscle activat...Kenneth Craig
This study investigated the effects of medical shockwave therapy on muscle activation patterns and performance in healthy athletes. Golfers and weightlifters underwent shockwave therapy targeting specific muscles. Post-treatment, golfers showed increased swing speed, ball distance, and faster muscle activation. Weightlifters showed faster muscle activation but lower energy output during squats, though they were able to lift more weight. The study suggests shockwave therapy may induce favorable biological responses in healthy muscles, reducing fatigue and potential for overuse injuries over time. Further research is warranted.
Relative Odds of Neck Pain to Helmet Use Among Motorcyclists: A Case-Control ...Hafiz Rana Muhammad Arslan
A case-control study conducted by students of the Department of Life and Health Sciences University of South Asia Lahore, Pakistan as a final year project to fulfill the requirement for the completion of the degree; Doctor of Physiotherapy.
Female athletes are six times as liable as male athletes to be injured playing sport. One of the most common of those is the ACL or anterior cruciate ligament. Dr. Connie Lebrun, MD, sports medicine physician at the Glen Sather Sports Medicine Clinic at the University of Alberta discusses causes and treatment of the injury.
Vitamin K plays an important role in bone health by acting as a cofactor for the carboxylation of osteocalcin, which helps to mineralize bone. While low dietary vitamin K intake has been linked to higher fracture risk, there is no clear evidence that vitamin K supplements prevent fractures. Overall, the evidence suggests maintaining adequate vitamin K intake through a diet high in green vegetables is most important for bone health.
Influence of doping on behavioural dispositions of athletes in tertiary insti...Alexander Decker
This document examines the influence of doping on the behavioral dispositions of athletes in tertiary institutions in Southwest Nigeria. It found that athletes who used doping substances often exhibited anti-social behaviors like feeling uncomfortable when losing, having difficulty with training, and leaving training camps without permission. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the behavioral dispositions of athletes who used doping substances compared to those who did not. The behaviors exhibited were recognized and rebuked by coaches. The study recommends that sports handlers educate athletes on the psychological problems of doping to gain competitive advantage.
The Epidemic of ACL Injuries in Female Youth Athletesthegraymatters
Orthopedic Grand Rounds at Univ. of Missouri by Aaron Gray, MD, Sports Medicine Specialist. Discusses Epidemiology, risk factors, and focuses on prevention of ACL injuries in female youth athletes.
Post exercise cold water immersion benefits are not greater than the placebo ...Fernando Farias
This study examined the effects of cold water immersion (CWI), thermoneutral water immersion placebo (TWP), and thermoneutral water immersion control (TWI) on recovery from high-intensity interval training. Thirty males performed interval sprints followed by 15 minutes of one of the three recovery conditions. The study found that ratings of readiness for exercise, pain, and vigor were significantly better in CWI and TWP compared to TWI, but similar between CWI and TWP. This suggests that the benefits of CWI may be partly due to the placebo effect rather than just physiological factors.
Motor Unit Conduction Velocity During Sustained Contraction Of The Vastus Med...Nosrat hedayatpour
in the current study, we analyzed the
Effect of eccentric exercise on the conduction velocity of
individual motor units at two locations of the vastus
medialis muscle during sustained contractions.
Relationship of Coordinative Abilities to Playing Ability in Combative SportsIOSR Journals
- The document examines the relationship between coordinative abilities (balance, differentiation, orientation, reaction, rhythm) and playing ability in combative sports like judo and wrestling.
- Tests were administered to 40 male students (20 each from judo and wrestling) to assess their coordinative abilities and playing abilities. Correlation analysis found a significant relationship between balance ability and playing ability for judokas. For wrestlers, balance and differentiation abilities were significantly related to playing ability.
- The study aimed to provide a more scientific understanding of coordinative abilities and their impact on performance in combative sports compared to prior concepts like agility. The results indicated certain coordinative skills may be more important for success in judo versus
TU Research Day Brandi Poster 2015.03.31Brandi Krieg
The injury rates in college athletes is high, with over half experiencing an injury in a single season. Psychological risk factors like stress have been linked to increased injury risk by causing muscle tension. This study examined whether self-reported stress and maladaptive coping predicted musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) in 245 college athletes. Questionnaires assessed stress and coping, while injuries were obtained from medical records. Logistic regression found no significant predictors of MSI, although high athletic stress trended toward increasing MSI risk. While psychological factors did not independently predict MSI in this study, injury prevention remains important given long-term health impacts of injuries sustained in college sports.
The document provides tips for designing effective posters, including using design software like Photoshop and InDesign, considering size limitations, choosing complementary fonts and font sizes, using colors effectively, including images, leaving white space, and doing sketches and proofs before finalizing the design. Key recommendations are to focus on one main idea, draw the viewer's attention, and make images easier to absorb than text. Effective use of color, font, white space and images are emphasized.
Musculoskeletal Disorders or MSDs are injuries and disorders that affect the human body’s movement or musculoskeletal system (i.e. muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, discs, blood vessels, etc.)
The document discusses the effects of plyometric training on physical fitness components of Under-17 female volleyball players in Debark town, Ethiopia. It describes a study that involved 15 experimental players who underwent 12 weeks of plyometric training and 15 control players. Measures of power, agility, muscular endurance and balance were tested before and after for both groups. The results showed significant improvements in the experimental group for all measures compared to the control group. The study concluded that plyometric training can effectively improve components related to volleyball performance for young female players.
This document is a research project submitted by a student investigating the influence of fluid restriction on cognition and mood in university basketball players. It includes an introduction outlining the importance of cognition and mood for sport performance and lack of research on dehydration effects in basketball. The literature review discusses high sweat losses in basketball, limited basketball-specific studies, and more sport-specific studies showing detrimental effects of >2% dehydration on cognition and mood. The study aims to examine effects of fluid provision vs. restriction on cognitive function and mood after a simulated basketball game while accounting for limitations of previous research.
[17 23]psychological evaluation of sports persons with disabilityAlexander Decker
1) The study compared the sensation seeking and anxiety levels of 15 cricketers and 15 sprinters with vision impairments who participated in national tournaments.
2) Psychological tests found that cricketers had significantly higher sensation seeking and anxiety than sprinters. This is likely due to the unpredictable nature of cricket compared to the more predictable track environment for sprinters.
3) The study concluded that there were statistically significant differences in sensation seeking and anxiety between cricketers and sprinters with vision impairments. Further research on psychological profiles of disabled athletes was recommended.
Training Load and Fatigue Marker Associations with Injury and IllnessFernando Farias
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the litera-
ture that has reported the monitoring of longitudinal
training load and fatigue and its relationship with injury
and illness. The current findings highlight disparity in the
terms used to define training load, fatigue, injury and ill-
ness, as well as a lack of investigation of fatigue and
training load interactions. Key stages of training and
competition where the athlete is at an increased risk of
injury/illness risk were identified. These included periods
of training load intensification, accumulation of training
load and acute change in load. Modifying training load
during these periods may help reduce the potential for
injury and illness.
Artigo - Acupuncture on oxygen consumptionRenato Almeida
1) Auricular acupuncture had a significant effect on improving the oxygen consumption and recovery ability of boxing athletes.
2) The study found that VO2max, a key indicator of cardiovascular endurance, was significantly higher after auricular acupuncture stimulation compared to a control group.
3) Auricular acupuncture stimulation may enhance athletic performance by improving aerobic ability as shown by increased VO2max and VEmax, and faster recovery of heart rate and body temperature after exercise.
This study compared the effectiveness of two rehabilitation programs for acute hamstring strains. Twenty-four athletes with hamstring strains were randomly assigned to either a static stretching, isolated strengthening, and icing program (STST group) or a progressive agility, trunk stabilization, and icing program (PATS group). The PATS group had a significantly shorter average time to return to sports (22.2 days vs 37.4 days) and lower reinjury rates both within 2 weeks of returning (0% vs 54.5%) and within 1 year (7.7% vs 70%) compared to the STST group. A rehabilitation program including progressive agility and trunk stabilization exercises was found to be more effective for returning athletes to
11.[7 11]psychological evaluation of sports persons with disabilityAlexander Decker
The document summarizes a study that compared the sensation seeking and anxiety levels of cricketers and sprinters with vision impairment. Thirty male athletes aged 18-25 participated, with 15 cricketers and 15 sprinters. Tests measuring sensation seeking and anxiety found that cricketers had significantly higher levels of sensation seeking and anxiety than sprinters. The nature of cricket, with its unpredictability, contributes to higher sensation seeking in cricketers compared to the more predictable sprint events.
To Compare The Effect Of Core Stability Exercises And Muscle Energy Technique...IOSR Journals
Abstract: Low back pain is considered one of the commonest condition in the western and industrialized
countries. It is estimated that up to 50% of adults experience low back pain during their life span. People of all
age group can be effected by this menace irrespective to their gender and quality of life. It has become one of
the leading causes for the visit to physician thus also puts a heavy burden on the currency of the country.
Physiotherapy is the most widely used form of treatment adopted for gaining relief from low back pain. The
exercises include stretching, strengthening, range of motion exercises, McKenzie therapy and core stability
exercises other techniques like muscle energy technique etc. It has been concluded in various studies core
stability exercises and muscle energy technique are beneficial in low back pain patients but comparison of their
effect needs to be established to provide early and better relief from the disability. Therefore objective of the
study was to compare the effect of core stability exercises and muscle energy techniques on low back pain
patients. 60 subjects aged 18 – 45 years with low back pain were made part of the study based on inclusion and
exclusion criteria and were then divided into three groups named A, B and C. Group A received core stability
exercise and conventional physiotheraphy and group B received muscle energy techniques and conventional
physiotherapy. The exercise program was given on alternate days with a total of 24 sessions and progression of
the activity was made within the tolerance of the patient. Pre and post treatment readings were taken of pain,
ROM and quality of life scale. Results were analyzed using paired, unpaired t- test and ANOVA. Results showed
that there is significant effect on pain, ROM and quality of life scale in the three groups but group A was
clinically more significant than the other groups. The study concluded that patients with low back pain are
benefitted more by core stability exercises. So, core stability exercises should be practiced more.
Keywords: Low Back Pain, Core Stabilization Exercises, Muscle Energy Technique.
lloyd Irvin | The Effectiveness Of Hard Martial Arts Lloyd Irvin
Lloyd Irvin is a martial arts company that provides training in traditional Japanese style karate for beginner and advanced level students in the Maryland area. The instructors are dedicated to improving students’ competence, confidence, character, coping skills, and control, and handles classes seven days a week, specific workshops, summer training, black belt clinics, children’s events, and benefit tourneys.
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the organizational structure, administrative framework, and sports facilities at the District Jail in Lucknow, India. Researchers surveyed 50 prisoners and 5 administrators using a questionnaire about these topics. The results indicated that some prisoners wanted to continue playing sports after release, while some administrators felt the government should provide better sports facilities in jails. Many prisoners preferred watching sports on TV over participating.
ISMST 2015 Abstract 2 - The influence of medical shockwaves on muscle activat...Kenneth Craig
This study investigated the effects of medical shockwave therapy on muscle activation patterns and performance in healthy athletes. Golfers and weightlifters underwent shockwave therapy targeting specific muscles. Post-treatment, golfers showed increased swing speed, ball distance, and faster muscle activation. Weightlifters showed faster muscle activation but lower energy output during squats, though they were able to lift more weight. The study suggests shockwave therapy may induce favorable biological responses in healthy muscles, reducing fatigue and potential for overuse injuries over time. Further research is warranted.
Relative Odds of Neck Pain to Helmet Use Among Motorcyclists: A Case-Control ...Hafiz Rana Muhammad Arslan
A case-control study conducted by students of the Department of Life and Health Sciences University of South Asia Lahore, Pakistan as a final year project to fulfill the requirement for the completion of the degree; Doctor of Physiotherapy.
Female athletes are six times as liable as male athletes to be injured playing sport. One of the most common of those is the ACL or anterior cruciate ligament. Dr. Connie Lebrun, MD, sports medicine physician at the Glen Sather Sports Medicine Clinic at the University of Alberta discusses causes and treatment of the injury.
Vitamin K plays an important role in bone health by acting as a cofactor for the carboxylation of osteocalcin, which helps to mineralize bone. While low dietary vitamin K intake has been linked to higher fracture risk, there is no clear evidence that vitamin K supplements prevent fractures. Overall, the evidence suggests maintaining adequate vitamin K intake through a diet high in green vegetables is most important for bone health.
Influence of doping on behavioural dispositions of athletes in tertiary insti...Alexander Decker
This document examines the influence of doping on the behavioral dispositions of athletes in tertiary institutions in Southwest Nigeria. It found that athletes who used doping substances often exhibited anti-social behaviors like feeling uncomfortable when losing, having difficulty with training, and leaving training camps without permission. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the behavioral dispositions of athletes who used doping substances compared to those who did not. The behaviors exhibited were recognized and rebuked by coaches. The study recommends that sports handlers educate athletes on the psychological problems of doping to gain competitive advantage.
The Epidemic of ACL Injuries in Female Youth Athletesthegraymatters
Orthopedic Grand Rounds at Univ. of Missouri by Aaron Gray, MD, Sports Medicine Specialist. Discusses Epidemiology, risk factors, and focuses on prevention of ACL injuries in female youth athletes.
Post exercise cold water immersion benefits are not greater than the placebo ...Fernando Farias
This study examined the effects of cold water immersion (CWI), thermoneutral water immersion placebo (TWP), and thermoneutral water immersion control (TWI) on recovery from high-intensity interval training. Thirty males performed interval sprints followed by 15 minutes of one of the three recovery conditions. The study found that ratings of readiness for exercise, pain, and vigor were significantly better in CWI and TWP compared to TWI, but similar between CWI and TWP. This suggests that the benefits of CWI may be partly due to the placebo effect rather than just physiological factors.
Motor Unit Conduction Velocity During Sustained Contraction Of The Vastus Med...Nosrat hedayatpour
in the current study, we analyzed the
Effect of eccentric exercise on the conduction velocity of
individual motor units at two locations of the vastus
medialis muscle during sustained contractions.
Relationship of Coordinative Abilities to Playing Ability in Combative SportsIOSR Journals
- The document examines the relationship between coordinative abilities (balance, differentiation, orientation, reaction, rhythm) and playing ability in combative sports like judo and wrestling.
- Tests were administered to 40 male students (20 each from judo and wrestling) to assess their coordinative abilities and playing abilities. Correlation analysis found a significant relationship between balance ability and playing ability for judokas. For wrestlers, balance and differentiation abilities were significantly related to playing ability.
- The study aimed to provide a more scientific understanding of coordinative abilities and their impact on performance in combative sports compared to prior concepts like agility. The results indicated certain coordinative skills may be more important for success in judo versus
TU Research Day Brandi Poster 2015.03.31Brandi Krieg
The injury rates in college athletes is high, with over half experiencing an injury in a single season. Psychological risk factors like stress have been linked to increased injury risk by causing muscle tension. This study examined whether self-reported stress and maladaptive coping predicted musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) in 245 college athletes. Questionnaires assessed stress and coping, while injuries were obtained from medical records. Logistic regression found no significant predictors of MSI, although high athletic stress trended toward increasing MSI risk. While psychological factors did not independently predict MSI in this study, injury prevention remains important given long-term health impacts of injuries sustained in college sports.
The document provides tips for designing effective posters, including using design software like Photoshop and InDesign, considering size limitations, choosing complementary fonts and font sizes, using colors effectively, including images, leaving white space, and doing sketches and proofs before finalizing the design. Key recommendations are to focus on one main idea, draw the viewer's attention, and make images easier to absorb than text. Effective use of color, font, white space and images are emphasized.
Musculoskeletal Disorders or MSDs are injuries and disorders that affect the human body’s movement or musculoskeletal system (i.e. muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, discs, blood vessels, etc.)
An effort to put light on the common health hazards caused by improper ergonomics and a glance over the proper ergonomic practises to be followed in daily dental practise to increase the ease and efficiency of your practise..
Musculoskeletal System Anatomy and AssessmentJofred Martinez
The skeletal system has four components: bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. It provides support, protection, movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, and triglyceride storage. There are three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle is responsible for locomotion and other movements while cardiac muscle contracts the heart and smooth muscle regulates organs and blood vessels. Joints allow movement and are classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial joints which can be immovable, slightly movable, or freely movable. A variety of diagnostic tests assess the musculoskeleton including arthrocentesis, arthroscopy, bone density tests, bone scans, gallium/thall
The document provides graphic layout guidelines for poster presentations, recommending using an invisible grid to align information while minimizing white space around edges. It suggests establishing a visual hierarchy with a large main focal point, medium secondary foci, and smaller tertiary information. Text should be organized logically and oriented consistently, with titles always below drawings in a horizontal base.
The document summarizes common medical treatments for musculoskeletal disorders and injuries including physical therapy, immobilization devices, amputation, prosthetics, spinal decompression surgery, arthritis, and repetitive strain injuries. It describes treatments, nursing considerations, complications, and rehabilitation for various musculoskeletal conditions affecting bones, joints, muscles, and connective tissues.
The document provides an overview of human anatomy and physiology. It begins with objectives for students to gain knowledge of body parts and systems. It then defines anatomy and physiology. The rest of the document describes the major functions of 7 body systems - integumentary, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, female and male genitourinary, musculoskeletal, and nervous systems. Each system section lists the main structures and their functions.
This document presents the K-12 English curriculum guide for the Philippines Department of Education. It discusses the philosophy, principles, and outcomes of the English language curriculum. The curriculum is designed to develop students' communicative competence and literacy skills through engaging with various texts and multimedia. It recognizes that today's students, known as Generation Z, are digital natives who are highly technology-savvy but may have reduced attention spans due to multi-tasking. The goal is to produce graduates who can effectively communicate, continue learning, and succeed in their chosen fields using English language skills.
Common Sports Injuries amongst the Elite Women Basketball Players of IndiaIOSR Journals
Abstract: An injury is a common phenomenon in the field of sports. Ranging from amateurs to the most
seasoned sports personalities, almost every one faces the brunt of an injury at some point in their sporting
careers. To gauge the effect and extent of these injuries, the members of the Indian women basketball team were
examined for common sports injuries. While they represent the country at various international tournaments
round the year, the results of the survey painted a very dismal picture.
The longevity of a sports person’s career depends critically on the severity of an injury. In some cases, severe
injuries have an intense impact immediately. While on the other hand, there are also instances when an injury is
ignored and remains untreated; this becomes worse and hinders the crucial functioning of a sports person on
the field. Irrespective of the case, it is essential that all such injuries be avoided at all levels of the sport for its
growth and development.
It is an endeavor by the research scholars to isolate the most common and frequently occurring injuries so that
the players, coaches, doctors and physiotherapists can concentrate and work on the preventive measures for
them. Key Words: Basketball, Prevention, Sports Injuries, Women
Postural Comparison of Dextrous and Ambidextrous PlayersIOSR Journals
Abstract: The purpose of the study was the postural comparison of dexterous and ambidextrous players.
Human posture is the basic thing that a sports man need for his sports performance at an optimum level. Each
and every human beings posture will build up according to the nature of activity.
The purpose of the study was to analyze the postural deformities between dexterous and ambidextrous
players. The subjects were selected from the Kannur university campus, Christ College Irinjalakuda, S N
College Kannur, LNCP Trivandrum, Calicut University Center for Physical Education, ST.Thomas college Pala
and ST.Thomas college Thrissur, the investigator go and collect data from the players. The total number of
hundred (N=100) players and the fifty (n=50) from the each group. The investigator was given a small
description about the test and it’s important to the subjects. The New York posture rating scale was utilized for
the posture assessment. Depending up on the deformity, the players were ranked according to the specific norms
of the test like 5 for good posture, 3 for average, 1 for poor posture. After taking the raw scores of the students,
calculate the percentage of postural deformity by using independent‘t’ ratio.
From the finding we would make understand that the ambi- dexterous players show comparatively good
posture than the dexterous players. Posture of the cricket players was the most fatly than the other players. In
the case of the anterior postural region cricket players and the lateral postural region the volley ball players
had the poor postural level as compared to the other players. The swimmers had the good posture among the
anterior and lateral region of posture.
Analysis of the physical fitness of the physical education professional stude...Sports Journal
The purpose of this study was to compare the selected physical fitness variables of the Physical
Education Professional students participated in the different competition levels. To achieve the purpose,
eighty three male physical education students studying B.P.Ed. Courses at Alvas B.P.Ed. Moddigere and
General Kariyappa B.P.Ed. College Shimogga during 2015 with age ranging 18-25 were selected at
random. They had their credit in participating Intercollegiate, South Zone and All India competitions.
The physical fitness variables selected for the study were the Shoulder Strength (Pull ups in nos.);
Abdominal Strength (Sit ups in nos.); Agility (Shuttle Run in secs.); Speed (50 meters dash in secs.);
Explosive Power (Standing Broad Jump in meters) and Cardiovascular Endurance (600 Meters Run/Walk
in minutes). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to find out the significant difference
among different disciplines. Further the Scheffe’s Post Hoc test was used to find the significant
difference in paired mean scores. It was concluded that there was a significant difference in the Pull Ups,
Sit Ups and Speed of the Physical Education Professional students participated in the different
competition levels. A better understanding of these relationships will help to understand the power and
endurance and also help to plan sport specific strength training at South Zone, All India and National
level athletes.
This article examines the impact of plyometric training on physical fitness variables among ball badminton players. 30 male ball badminton players between 18-25 years of age were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. The experimental group underwent 6 weeks of plyometric training while the control group received no training. Testing was conducted before and after the training period to assess muscular endurance and speed. Statistical analysis found significant improvements in muscular endurance and speed for the experimental group compared to the control group, supporting the hypothesis that plyometric training positively impacts physical fitness variables important for ball badminton performance.
This document discusses the physical demands of soccer based on scientific studies. It finds that midfielders cover the greatest distance in games on average, with high-intensity runs being most important. The physical demands vary by position, with defenders having lower work rates than midfielders and attackers. Aerobic capacity is extremely important as the average intensity approaches the lactate threshold. Straight sprints and powerful movements without the ball are most common in decisive offensive situations.
Prediction of kabaddi playing ability from selected anthropometrical and phys...iaemedu
This document summarizes a study that aimed to predict kabaddi playing ability from selected anthropometric and physical variables among college-level players. 144 male kabaddi players aged 18-28 were assessed for anthropometric measurements like height, weight, and limb lengths. Physical fitness tests included speed, flexibility, leg strength, muscular power and endurance. Playing ability was subjectively assessed by coaches. Correlation analysis found playing ability significantly correlated with speed and leg strength. Regression analysis identified leg strength, muscular power, speed, leg length and arm length as the best predictors of playing ability, accounting for 87% of the variance. The study concluded that kabaddi requires qualities like strength, speed, endurance and coordination
1. The document discusses research on the effects of eccentric hamstring exercises for soccer players. It reviews 6 studies that provide evidence that eccentric hamstring strengthening can improve muscle strength and balance, increase peak torque, and reduce the risk of hamstring injury compared to concentric strengthening alone.
2. One key study found that performing eccentric hamstring exercises during the cool-down of soccer training sessions more effectively maintained strength compared to the warm-up. This has implications for reducing muscle fatigue.
3. The studies demonstrated increases in hamstring strength, peak torque, and hamstring to quadriceps ratios following eccentric training programs, as well as reductions in reported hamstring injuries among soccer players.
This study compared the physical fitness levels of school-level male basketball and volleyball players. 40 subjects aged 15-18 were tested for speed, agility, endurance and flexibility. The results showed no significant differences in the mean scores of these physical fitness variables between the basketball and volleyball players. The study concluded that both groups had similar physical fitness levels for these attributes.
This literature review examines overuse injuries in young athletes. It discusses how increased sports participation rates among youth have led to higher injury rates, as young athletes have immature musculoskeletal systems. Overuse injuries result from repetitive sub-maximal loading without adequate rest and commonly involve bones, bursae, tendons, and neurovascular structures. Risk factors include both intrinsic factors like age, prior injury, and gender as well as extrinsic factors like the type of exercise, equipment used, environment, and societal pressure. While early sport specialization may lead to overuse injuries and burnout, delayed specialization may provide benefits. More evidence-based research is still needed on topics like the relationship between sport specialization and injury risk as
Judo is a grappling sport where opponents wear thick jackets and aim to throw each other onto their back or hold them down. Matches involve throwing, holding, strangling, or joint locking techniques. A typical match has around 11 effort sequences lasting 30 seconds with 10 second pauses. Analysis shows judo relies on aerobic and anaerobic energy systems. Testing includes the Special Judo Fitness Test and VO2 max tests. Elite judokas have body compositions with 4-9% body fat and muscular power and strength, especially in the lower body. Training focuses on improving aerobic capacity, muscle endurance, power, strength, and recovery between matches using methods like HIIT, circuit training, and
This document compares the anthropometric, physical fitness, and physiological profiles of the top 5 ranked and lower ranked Iranian national male table tennis players. It found that there were no significant differences between the groups in height, flexibility, speed, reaction time, anaerobic power, and BMI. However, the top players had significantly higher weight, side jump performance, aerobic power, and mesomorph body type compared to the lower ranked players who had higher body fat and an endomorph-mesomorph body type. The study concludes that a mesomorph-ectomorph body type is dominant in table tennis players and that aerobic power is an important factor for success.
This document outlines a study on the impact of field training with and without yogic practice on cricket players. It discusses how 48 male cricket players were divided into 3 groups: field training only, field training combined with yogic practice, and a control group. The field training and yogic practice packages were administered for 12 weeks. The study measured effects on physical fitness, physiological, psychological, and performance variables. Statistical analysis was conducted to analyze the data collected and determine the impact of the different training packages.
ANALYSIS OF INJURIES, OVERTRAINING AND DEHYDRATION IN THE ELITE FEMALE ATHLET...ROBELYN GARCIA PhD
This document analyzes injuries, overtraining, and dehydration in elite female beach handball athletes. It discusses how the fast-paced nature and increasing popularity of beach handball has led to more pressure on athletes to perform at high levels, which can result in injury, dehydration, and overtraining if athletes do not get sufficient recovery. The document outlines symptoms of overtraining syndrome for beach handball coaches and players to watch for. It also notes that injuries often rise following breaks in play due to factors like fatigue, dehydration, and improper training and recommends ways for coaches to help prevent and address overtraining, injuries, and dehydration in their athletes.
The document discusses establishing a sports conditioning business called Venom Total Sports Conditioning in Las Vegas. It would provide specialized training to improve athletes' performance, prevent injuries, and aid recovery through techniques like yoga, core strengthening, flexibility training, and focusing on proper form. Statistics are provided on sports-related injuries to emphasize the need for comprehensive conditioning programs. The business plan outlines proposed classes, equipment, marketing strategies, fees, and an open house event.
This document provides information for designing a training program for an amateur football player returning to play in the full back position after an ACL injury. It outlines the fitness tests and assessments that will be conducted to evaluate the athlete's current abilities and ensure they can return without reinjury risk, including tests of cardiovascular endurance, strength, power, flexibility, balance, speed and agility. Background is also given on the physiological and movement demands of playing full back, as well as common football injuries, to inform the goals and design of the rehabilitation and return-to-play program.
1. risk factors and prevention of sports injuriesQuan Fu Gan
The document discusses sports injuries, including the role of sports physiotherapists in prevention, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation. It outlines intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for sports injuries, such as lower extremity malalignment, muscle weakness, training errors, and environmental conditions. Prevention strategies are discussed at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels, including pre-competition screening, proper warm-up and cooling down techniques, education on risk factors, and policy changes. The take-home message is to play safely, follow rules, stop activity if in pain, and see a physiotherapist to prevent or treat sports injuries.
Some Mechanisms of the Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury among Male Sport Activities by
Kasbparast Mehdi in Examines in Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
An Examination of Effectuation Dimension as Financing Practice of Small and M...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Does Goods and Services Tax (GST) Leads to Indian Economic Development?iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Childhood Factors that influence success in later lifeiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Emotional Intelligence and Work Performance Relationship: A Study on Sales Pe...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Customer’s Acceptance of Internet Banking in Dubaiiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A Study of Employee Satisfaction relating to Job Security & Working Hours amo...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Consumer Perspectives on Brand Preference: A Choice Based Model Approachiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Student`S Approach towards Social Network Sitesiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Broadcast Management in Nigeria: The systems approach as an imperativeiosrjce
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A Study on Retailer’s Perception on Soya Products with Special Reference to T...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A Study Factors Influence on Organisation Citizenship Behaviour in Corporate ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Consumers’ Behaviour on Sony Xperia: A Case Study on Bangladeshiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Design of a Balanced Scorecard on Nonprofit Organizations (Study on Yayasan P...iosrjce
1. The document describes a study that designed a balanced scorecard for a nonprofit organization called Yayasan Pembinaan dan Kesembuhan Batin (YPKB) in Malang, Indonesia.
2. The balanced scorecard translated YPKB's vision and mission into strategic objectives across four perspectives: financial, customer, internal processes, and learning and growth.
3. Key strategic objectives included donation growth, budget effectiveness, customer satisfaction, reputation, service quality, innovation, and employee development. Customers perspective had the highest weighting, suggesting a focus on public service over financial growth.
Public Sector Reforms and Outsourcing Services in Nigeria: An Empirical Evalu...iosrjce
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Media Innovations and its Impact on Brand awareness & Considerationiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Customer experience in supermarkets and hypermarkets – A comparative studyiosrjce
- The document examines customer experience in supermarkets and hypermarkets in India through a survey of 418 customers.
- It finds that in supermarkets, previous experience, atmosphere, price, social environment and experience in other channels most influence customer experience, while in hypermarkets, previous experience, product assortment, social environment and experience in other channels are most influential.
- The study provides insights for retailers on key determinants of customer experience in each format to help them improve strategies and competitive positioning.
Social Media and Small Businesses: A Combinational Strategic Approach under t...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Secretarial Performance and the Gender Question (A Study of Selected Tertiary...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Implementation of Quality Management principles at Zimbabwe Open University (...iosrjce
This document discusses the implementation of quality management principles at Zimbabwe Open University's Matabeleland North Regional Centre. It begins with background information on ZOU and the importance of quality management in open and distance learning institutions. The study aimed to determine if quality management and its principles were being implemented at the regional centre. Key findings included that the centre prioritized customer focus and staff involvement. Decisions were made based on data analysis. The regional centre implemented a quality system informed by its policy documents. The document recommends ensuring staffing levels match needs and providing sufficient resources to the regional centre.
Organizational Conflicts Management In Selected Organizaions In Lagos State, ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
One Year Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders during Training among Boxing Players in Haryana: A Retrospective Study
1. IOSR Journal of Sports and Physical Education (IOSR-JSPE)
e-ISSN: 2347-6737, p-ISSN: 2347-6745, Volume 2, Issue 5 (Sep. – Oct. 2015), PP 21-24
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/6737-0252124 www.iosrjournals.org 21 | Page
One Year Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders during
Training among Boxing Players in Haryana: A Retrospective
Study
Vikash Kumar*, Kulandaivelan S**, Varun Singh**, Rekha Chaturvedi**,
Dhaka MS***, Sonu Punia**, Sumit Kumar*
*- PG Students, Dept. of Physiotherapy, GJUST, Hisar-125 001. Haryana. India
**- Assistant Professors, Dept. of Physiotherapy, GJUST, Hisar-125 001. Haryana. India.
***- Chief Coach, Men & Women Boxing Team, Sports Authority of India, Giri Center, Hisar.
Abstract:
Objective: To find out overall, gender specific, site specific and type of injury specific prevalence rate of
musculoskeletal injuries in boxing players.
Methodology: Study Design: Cross sectional, survey study, retrospective model.
Sample size: 105 boxing players (73 males and 32 females).
Method: Injury data was collected from each player using modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Injury
Questionnaire.
Data analysis: Data was entered into MS Excel for further analysis.
Results: 48 players out of 105 was injured leading to 46% overall prevalence of injury among boxing players.
Males injured slightly higher than females. Upper limb injuries were the most common area followed by lower
limb. Wrist & Hand, Knee & Leg, Low back the most common sites of injury. Sprain and strain accounted more
than 90% of total injuries.
Conclusion: Prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries is high among boxing players. Conditioning by coaches and
early rehabilitation by physiotherapists are essential to reduce the injury rate in this population.
Keywords: Gender difference, Incidence, Soft tissue, Sprain. Strain, Injury rate
I. Introduction
Boxing (also known as pugilism), is the physical skill fighting with the fist, is one of the oldest
Olympic sport. It is a combat sport that requires combination of well-developed hand and feet speed, footwork
evasion skill, muscular strength and power as well as a high aerobic capacity (Zazryn et al., 2006). It is only
amateur or professional sport in which winning is linked to intentionally inflicting physical damage to the
opponent.
Competitive bouts in Olympic boxing include four round of 2 or 3 minute each, with a one minute
break in between the bouts (IBA, 2007). Scoring with in this sport use a computerized system whereby two of
three judges must award a point to the same boxer within one second of each other (IBA 2007). Points are
awarded for blow that, land with the knuckle part of the closed glove on any part of the front or side of the head
(IBA 2007). Boxing match is won either by scoring more point or when opponent is unable to continue fight
(Zazryn et al 2006). Compulsory protective equipment for this sport includes headgear, 284g gloves, and a
custom-fitted mouth guard.
As compared to wrestling, boxing has fewer followers in India because of danger involved in this sport.
However, 1990‟s onward there are moderate followers in northern and eastern India. This resulted moderate
success in international arena particularly in Asian games. In 2002, India won its first gold medal in
commonwealth games boxing. This triggered new confidence in Indian boxer‟s minds. In 2010 commonwealth
games, India won medals in almost all weight categories of boxing. The maximum medal winners were from
Haryana state particularly from a small town called Bhiwani. Boxer‟s from Bhiwani achieved numerous
successes in international level competitions. Notable boxers from this town are Vijender Kumar, Akhil Kumar
and Jitender Kumar who were representing India in Olympics. In 2008 Beijing Olympics, Vijender Kumar won
a bronze medal in boxing while Akhil Kumar and Jitender Kumar qualified for quarter final level.
Combat sports such as boxing, martial art and wrestling are more popular in Haryana. Many young
adults train in these sports enthusiastically in order to win medals at national and international level. The success
of Vijender Kumar in boxing further galvanized young minds to participate in this sport. Growing participation
is welcoming trend as this increases the health of individuals. On the other hand this leads to increased
musculoskeletal injuries in young athletes, especially in combat sports. There is numerous boxing injury
prevalence studies present in literature, but less is available from Indian athletes. This requires urgent attention
2. One Year Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders during Training among Boxing Players ….
DOI: 10.9790/6737-0252124 www.iosrjournals.org 22 | Page
from coaches and physiotherapists since prevention is better than cure.
Thus aims and objectives of the present study was to see the overall, site specific and type of injury specific
prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in boxing. To see gender difference in overall, site specific and type of
injury specific prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in boxing.
II. Methodology
The present study was a cross sectional survey study with retrospective model, where athletes were
asked to report injuries sustained in last one year. Total of 105 boxing players, 73 males and 32 females, were
selected according to convenience of investigator. The data collection sites were from SAI, Giri Center, HAU,
Hisar; Rajiv Gandhi Khel Stadium, Umra; Seth. Chhaju Ram Law College Hisar. The data was collected
between May and June 2015. Athletes were asked to report injuries sustained from May 2014 to April 2015,
One year retrospectively.
Main inclusion criteria were age between 13 to 28 years; both males and females; playing experience
was at least one year; have a regular play and played in at least at the district level. Athletes with following
characteristics were excluded from the present study: Use of steroids and other performance enhancing drugs;
known hypertension, diabetes.
Methods:
The investigator contacted coaches who gave the permission to take the data from the players about the
injury rate. Each player gave verbal consent to participate in the present study. After getting consent, following
information were collected: Name, age, sex, height, weight, BMI and other questions related to inclusion and
exclusion criteria. Data was collected using Modified Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire.
Questionnaire:
Modified Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire contains one full body diagram in order to be
understood by illiterate players. Injury information was collected as: Anatomical site of injury (Head, neck,
shoulder and arm, elbow and forearm, wrist and hand, back, hip and thigh, knee and leg, ankle and foot) and
type of injury (Sprain, strain, fracture, dislocation and other injuries); whether player contacted physician or
physiotherapist for treatment.
Operational definition:
Injury was defined as “Any pain that prevents the player to stop playing/practicing, prevent them to
practice or play games in subsequent days (at least 3 days); It may also lead the players to contact physician or
physiotherapists for getting treatment for that pain”.
Statistical Analysis:
All results were analyzed manually using MS Office 2011 (Microsoft excel) and were expressed as
prevalence rate of injury, type of injury and role of players.
III. Results
This is retrospective type of survey in which total boxing players were 105 (males are 73, females are
32) participated. The sample anthropometric measurements are given in table 1.
Table 1: Anthropometric characteristic of field hockey and cricket players.
Sports Gender Anthropometric character Range (minimum-maximum) Mean ± SD
Boxing
(n = 105)
Male
(n= 73)
Age (in years) 13.0 to 31.0 16.26±3.13
Height (in cm) 140.0 to 184.0 164.58±11.90
Weight (in Kg) 38.0 to 89.5 56.05±9.93
BMI 16.61 to 27.02 20.65±2.46
Female
(n = 32)
Age (in years) 13.0 to 31.0 18.38±4.69
Height (in cm) 152.0 to 176.0 159.81±7.24
Weight (in Kg) 45.0 to 82.0 56.91±9.40
BMI 16.79 to 34.15 22.47±4.62
Out of 105 players, 48 players sustained at least one musculoskeletal injury in the past one year leading
to one year prevalence rate of 46% in boxing players.
Table 2 shows injury prevalence rate according to the modified nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire in
which shows the 12 months of site specific prevalence of injury; their consultation by physiotherapist or
physician.
3. One Year Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders during Training among Boxing Players ….
DOI: 10.9790/6737-0252124 www.iosrjournals.org 23 | Page
Table 2: Site specific one year prevalence rate of injuries in field boxing (n=48)
Joints Prevalence of 12 month
injury
Consultation by
physiotherapist or
physician *
Head 2 (4.16%) 2(100%)
Neck 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Shoulder 3 (6.25%) 3(100%)
Upper Back 0(0%) (0%)
Elbow 3 (6.25%) 1 (33%)
Wrist / Hand 18 (37.5%) 10(55%)
Lower Back 6 (12.5%) 6 (100%)
Hips/ Thigh 2 (4.16%) 1 (50%)
Knee/ Leg 8 (16.66%) 4 (50%)
Ankle / Feet 6 (12.5%) 5 (83%)
* % is from site specific total injuries with consultation
In boxing, the upper limb injuries are most common (49%), followed by lower limb (34%) and trunk
injuries (13%). Wrist & hand is most common (37%) site of injury followed by knee & Leg (17%) and lower
back injuries (13%) (Table 2).
Table 3: Prevalence of type of injury among boxing players (n=48)
Type of injury Number of player
Sprain 19(40%)
Strain 25(52%)
Fracture / Dislocation 2(4%)
Other Injuries 2(4%)
Among different type of injury, strain is the most common (52%), followed by sprain (40%) as shown in table 3.
Table 4 shows gender specific injury prevalence along with site specific injury prevalence rate. Males
injured slightly higher than that of females. Lower limb injuries are more common in males and upper limb
injuries are more common in females. Wrist and shoulder injuries are more common in females. Back, ankle and
knee injuries are more common in males.
Table 4: Gender specific, gender on site specific prevalence of injuries in boxing
Joints Male (73) Female (32)
Overall 34 (46.57%) 14 (43.75%)
Head 2 (5.88%) 0
Neck 0 (0%) 0
Shoulder 1 (2.94%) 2(14.28%)
Elbow 2 (5.88%) 1(7.14%)
Wrist 10(29.41%) 8(57.14%)
Back 5(14.70%) 1(7.14%)
Hip 2 (5.88%) 0
Knee 6(19.35%) 2(14.28%)
Ankle 6(19.35%) 0
Table 5: Gender difference in type of injury among boxing players
Type of Injury Male (34) Female (14)
Sprain 13(38.23%) 6(42.85%)
Strain 17(50%) 8(57.14%)
Fracture / dislocation 2(5.88%) 0
Others 2(5.88%) 0
Table 5 shows gender difference in type of injury in boxing players. Sprain & strain is more common in
females. Fracture and dislocation were not reported in female boxers; whereas, 2 male players reported them.
IV. Discussion
The primary objective of the present study was to see the overall, site specific and type of injury
specific prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries during training in boxing players. The results showed overall
prevalence is 46%. Wrist and hand is most common site (37.5%), followed by knee and leg (16.7%), ankle and
foot (12.5%) in boxing training. Strain accounted for more than 50% of total injuries, followed by sprain (40%).
Secondary objective of the present study was to see gender difference in overall, site specific, type of
injury specific prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in boxing. In boxing, prevalence of injuries in males is
marginally higher than females (46.6% vs 43.8% for males and females respectively) with back (14.7 vs 7.1%)
and ankle (19.4% vs 0.0%) injuries are more common in males whereas wrist (29.4% vs 57.1%) and shoulder
4. One Year Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders during Training among Boxing Players ….
DOI: 10.9790/6737-0252124 www.iosrjournals.org 24 | Page
(2.9% vs 14.3%) injuries are more common in females boxing players. According to type of injury, strain and
sprain are two most common problems in both males and females. There is no female player reported
fracture/dislocation or other injuries; whereas, 2 cases for each reported by males.
Upper limb injuries (50%) are more common area in our present study. This finding is supported by
Loosemore et al., 2015; Purcell and LeBlanc, 2012; Oke et al., 2012; Pappas, 2007; Zazryn et al., 2006;
Porter and O’Brien, 1996; Jordan et al., 1990; Welch, 1986. Bolder references are similar to present study
results. 33% of lower limb injury in the present study is supported by Porter and O‟Brien, 1996.
According to site specific injuries, present study results are in accordance to Loosemore et al., 2015;
Jordan et al., 1990. There are 4.2% of head injuries in the present study; this is supported by Loosemore et al.,
2015. More than 90% of total injuries in present study are either sprain or strain. Literature shows 40-60% of
sprain and strain in boxing players during training period (Oke et al., 2012; Zazryn et al., 2006; Tim et al.,
1993). 4% of total injuries are fracture or dislocation in our study is supported by Siewe et al., 2015; Oke et al.,
2012; Tim et al., 1993.
Most of the literature reported more incidences of head injuries especially concussion type injury in
boxing players. The reason for this may be more competitive level, age, sample size and characteristics,
diagnosis criteria in those studies as against safety environment received by present study sample. Minor
concussions in the present study might have ignored by players, coaches during the data collection as in the
present study injury acquired during training period and not at the competition period. This might have resulted
in discrepancy seen in present study as compared to other literature used.
Present study has some limitations such as it lacks methodological rigor- it used convenient sampling
technique where investigator selected sample according to his ease of data collection. Males, females ratio is
skewed (2.5:1). Sample heterogeneity- Age, level of play, experience in training are not standardized leading to
data contamination. Retrospective study like this has „recall bias‟- where subject may forget minor but
significant injuries. Musculoskeletal injuries were assessed at the end of year and therapist might have
misdiagnosed and misclassified the type of injuries.
V. Conclusion
Within the limitations, the present study can be concluded with following points: Nearly half of the
boxers reported at least one injury during training in a calendar year. Wrist/hand, knee/leg and ankle/foot are the
most common sites of injury in boxing.
Understanding the epidemiology of this sport is important so that preventive strategies can be
developed in the forms of protective equipment, conditioning and change in rules. The results of present study
may also help the trainers and physiotherapists to decrease the incidences of injuries through proper
conditioning program.
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