The set covering problem and the minimum cost assignment problem (respectively known as unate and binate covering problem) are well-known NP-complete problems.We investigate the complexity and approximation ratio of two lower bound computation algorithms from both a theoretical and practical point of view, and produce an algorithm that is 2-3 order of magnitude faster.
Subgradient Methods for Huge-Scale Optimization Problems - Юрий Нестеров, Cat...Yandex
We consider a new class of huge-scale problems, the problems with sparse subgradients. The most important functions of this type are piecewise linear. For optimization problems with uniform sparsity of corresponding linear operators, we suggest a very efficient implementation of subgradient iterations, the total cost of which depends logarithmically in the dimension. This technique is based on a recursive update of the results of matrix/vector products and the values of symmetric functions. It works well, for example, for matrices with few nonzero diagonals and for max-type functions.
We show that the updating technique can be efficiently coupled with the simplest subgradient methods. Similar results can be obtained for a new non-smooth random variant of a coordinate descent scheme. We also present promising results of preliminary computational experiments.
Graph coloring has many applications, including in VLSI CAD. Since graph coloring is NP-complete, heuristics are used to approximate the optimum solution. But heuristic solutions can be arbitrary larger than the minimum coloring. We demonstrate how a greedy coloring, together with a heuristics max-clique algorithm, can be combined to generate a new pruning technique, the q-color pruning algorithm. We show that since real-life graphs appear to be 1-perfect, one can solve graph coloring exactly for a small overhead.
Timing and Design Closure in Physical Design Flows Olivier Coudert
A physical design flow consists of producing a production-worthy layout from a gate-level netlist subject to a set of constraints. We focus on the problems imposed by shrinking process technologies. It exposes the problems of timing closure, signal integrity, design variable dependencies, clock and power/ground routing, and design signoff. It also surveys some physical design flows, and outlines a refinement-based flow.
An Efficient Algorithm to Verify Generalized False PathsOlivier Coudert
Proving that a timing path is false is a difficult problem because of the inherent computational cost, and because in practice false paths are not specified one path at a time. We describe a method to prove and generate generalized false paths.
Model checking in the cloud --
Cloud computing where computing is provided as a utility is finally a reality. This new paradigm is shaping the way hardware and software is designed. One of the main attractions of the cloud is its elasticity. This empowers users with the ability to dynamically change their hardware requirements by paying for resource usage by the hour. Compute-intensive applications such as model checking can potentially benefit from such an infrastructure. In this panel, we will address the following questions:
- How can model checking leverage the advantages of distributed and multi-core systems in the cloud?
o Is this new paradigm suitable for model checking?
o What are possible solutions beyond an “embarrassingly parallel” approach of running a single property per core?
o Is there a specific subset of properties that might be more suitable to this form of analysis?
- What is needed from the research and engineering community to achieve adoption within the next 5 years?
- Would a drive to model checking in the cloud increase the industry’s adoption of formal technology?
- What issues need to be addressed for design houses to adopt this technology and will the current license model of EDA tools change to adapt to the new requirements?
Why React Native as a Strategic Advantage for Startup Innovation.pdfayushiqss
Do you know that React Native is being increasingly adopted by startups as well as big companies in the mobile app development industry? Big names like Facebook, Instagram, and Pinterest have already integrated this robust open-source framework.
In fact, according to a report by Statista, the number of React Native developers has been steadily increasing over the years, reaching an estimated 1.9 million by the end of 2024. This means that the demand for this framework in the job market has been growing making it a valuable skill.
But what makes React Native so popular for mobile application development? It offers excellent cross-platform capabilities among other benefits. This way, with React Native, developers can write code once and run it on both iOS and Android devices thus saving time and resources leading to shorter development cycles hence faster time-to-market for your app.
Let’s take the example of a startup, which wanted to release their app on both iOS and Android at once. Through the use of React Native they managed to create an app and bring it into the market within a very short period. This helped them gain an advantage over their competitors because they had access to a large user base who were able to generate revenue quickly for them.
Strategies for Successful Data Migration Tools.pptxvarshanayak241
Data migration is a complex but essential task for organizations aiming to modernize their IT infrastructure and leverage new technologies. By understanding common challenges and implementing these strategies, businesses can achieve a successful migration with minimal disruption. Data Migration Tool like Ask On Data play a pivotal role in this journey, offering features that streamline the process, ensure data integrity, and maintain security. With the right approach and tools, organizations can turn the challenge of data migration into an opportunity for growth and innovation.
We describe the deployment and use of Globus Compute for remote computation. This content is aimed at researchers who wish to compute on remote resources using a unified programming interface, as well as system administrators who will deploy and operate Globus Compute services on their research computing infrastructure.
Unleash Unlimited Potential with One-Time Purchase
BoxLang is more than just a language; it's a community. By choosing a Visionary License, you're not just investing in your success, you're actively contributing to the ongoing development and support of BoxLang.
In 2015, I used to write extensions for Joomla, WordPress, phpBB3, etc and I ...Juraj Vysvader
In 2015, I used to write extensions for Joomla, WordPress, phpBB3, etc and I didn't get rich from it but it did have 63K downloads (powered possible tens of thousands of websites).
Providing Globus Services to Users of JASMIN for Environmental Data AnalysisGlobus
JASMIN is the UK’s high-performance data analysis platform for environmental science, operated by STFC on behalf of the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). In addition to its role in hosting the CEDA Archive (NERC’s long-term repository for climate, atmospheric science & Earth observation data in the UK), JASMIN provides a collaborative platform to a community of around 2,000 scientists in the UK and beyond, providing nearly 400 environmental science projects with working space, compute resources and tools to facilitate their work. High-performance data transfer into and out of JASMIN has always been a key feature, with many scientists bringing model outputs from supercomputers elsewhere in the UK, to analyse against observational or other model data in the CEDA Archive. A growing number of JASMIN users are now realising the benefits of using the Globus service to provide reliable and efficient data movement and other tasks in this and other contexts. Further use cases involve long-distance (intercontinental) transfers to and from JASMIN, and collecting results from a mobile atmospheric radar system, pushing data to JASMIN via a lightweight Globus deployment. We provide details of how Globus fits into our current infrastructure, our experience of the recent migration to GCSv5.4, and of our interest in developing use of the wider ecosystem of Globus services for the benefit of our user community.
Your Digital Assistant.
Making complex approach simple. Straightforward process saves time. No more waiting to connect with people that matter to you. Safety first is not a cliché - Securely protect information in cloud storage to prevent any third party from accessing data.
Would you rather make your visitors feel burdened by making them wait? Or choose VizMan for a stress-free experience? VizMan is an automated visitor management system that works for any industries not limited to factories, societies, government institutes, and warehouses. A new age contactless way of logging information of visitors, employees, packages, and vehicles. VizMan is a digital logbook so it deters unnecessary use of paper or space since there is no requirement of bundles of registers that is left to collect dust in a corner of a room. Visitor’s essential details, helps in scheduling meetings for visitors and employees, and assists in supervising the attendance of the employees. With VizMan, visitors don’t need to wait for hours in long queues. VizMan handles visitors with the value they deserve because we know time is important to you.
Feasible Features
One Subscription, Four Modules – Admin, Employee, Receptionist, and Gatekeeper ensures confidentiality and prevents data from being manipulated
User Friendly – can be easily used on Android, iOS, and Web Interface
Multiple Accessibility – Log in through any device from any place at any time
One app for all industries – a Visitor Management System that works for any organisation.
Stress-free Sign-up
Visitor is registered and checked-in by the Receptionist
Host gets a notification, where they opt to Approve the meeting
Host notifies the Receptionist of the end of the meeting
Visitor is checked-out by the Receptionist
Host enters notes and remarks of the meeting
Customizable Components
Scheduling Meetings – Host can invite visitors for meetings and also approve, reject and reschedule meetings
Single/Bulk invites – Invitations can be sent individually to a visitor or collectively to many visitors
VIP Visitors – Additional security of data for VIP visitors to avoid misuse of information
Courier Management – Keeps a check on deliveries like commodities being delivered in and out of establishments
Alerts & Notifications – Get notified on SMS, email, and application
Parking Management – Manage availability of parking space
Individual log-in – Every user has their own log-in id
Visitor/Meeting Analytics – Evaluate notes and remarks of the meeting stored in the system
Visitor Management System is a secure and user friendly database manager that records, filters, tracks the visitors to your organization.
"Secure Your Premises with VizMan (VMS) – Get It Now"
Large Language Models and the End of ProgrammingMatt Welsh
Talk by Matt Welsh at Craft Conference 2024 on the impact that Large Language Models will have on the future of software development. In this talk, I discuss the ways in which LLMs will impact the software industry, from replacing human software developers with AI, to replacing conventional software with models that perform reasoning, computation, and problem-solving.
Globus Compute wth IRI Workflows - GlobusWorld 2024Globus
As part of the DOE Integrated Research Infrastructure (IRI) program, NERSC at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab and ALCF at Argonne National Lab are working closely with General Atomics on accelerating the computing requirements of the DIII-D experiment. As part of the work the team is investigating ways to speedup the time to solution for many different parts of the DIII-D workflow including how they run jobs on HPC systems. One of these routes is looking at Globus Compute as a way to replace the current method for managing tasks and we describe a brief proof of concept showing how Globus Compute could help to schedule jobs and be a tool to connect compute at different facilities.
top nidhi software solution freedownloadvrstrong314
This presentation emphasizes the importance of data security and legal compliance for Nidhi companies in India. It highlights how online Nidhi software solutions, like Vector Nidhi Software, offer advanced features tailored to these needs. Key aspects include encryption, access controls, and audit trails to ensure data security. The software complies with regulatory guidelines from the MCA and RBI and adheres to Nidhi Rules, 2014. With customizable, user-friendly interfaces and real-time features, these Nidhi software solutions enhance efficiency, support growth, and provide exceptional member services. The presentation concludes with contact information for further inquiries.
How Does XfilesPro Ensure Security While Sharing Documents in Salesforce?XfilesPro
Worried about document security while sharing them in Salesforce? Fret no more! Here are the top-notch security standards XfilesPro upholds to ensure strong security for your Salesforce documents while sharing with internal or external people.
To learn more, read the blog: https://www.xfilespro.com/how-does-xfilespro-make-document-sharing-secure-and-seamless-in-salesforce/
Advanced Flow Concepts Every Developer Should KnowPeter Caitens
Tim Combridge from Sensible Giraffe and Salesforce Ben presents some important tips that all developers should know when dealing with Flows in Salesforce.
Multiple Your Crypto Portfolio with the Innovative Features of Advanced Crypt...Hivelance Technology
Cryptocurrency trading bots are computer programs designed to automate buying, selling, and managing cryptocurrency transactions. These bots utilize advanced algorithms and machine learning techniques to analyze market data, identify trading opportunities, and execute trades on behalf of their users. By automating the decision-making process, crypto trading bots can react to market changes faster than human traders
Hivelance, a leading provider of cryptocurrency trading bot development services, stands out as the premier choice for crypto traders and developers. Hivelance boasts a team of seasoned cryptocurrency experts and software engineers who deeply understand the crypto market and the latest trends in automated trading, Hivelance leverages the latest technologies and tools in the industry, including advanced AI and machine learning algorithms, to create highly efficient and adaptable crypto trading bots
In software engineering, the right architecture is essential for robust, scalable platforms. Wix has undergone a pivotal shift from event sourcing to a CRUD-based model for its microservices. This talk will chart the course of this pivotal journey.
Event sourcing, which records state changes as immutable events, provided robust auditing and "time travel" debugging for Wix Stores' microservices. Despite its benefits, the complexity it introduced in state management slowed development. Wix responded by adopting a simpler, unified CRUD model. This talk will explore the challenges of event sourcing and the advantages of Wix's new "CRUD on steroids" approach, which streamlines API integration and domain event management while preserving data integrity and system resilience.
Participants will gain valuable insights into Wix's strategies for ensuring atomicity in database updates and event production, as well as caching, materialization, and performance optimization techniques within a distributed system.
Join us to discover how Wix has mastered the art of balancing simplicity and extensibility, and learn how the re-adoption of the modest CRUD has turbocharged their development velocity, resilience, and scalability in a high-growth environment.
First Steps with Globus Compute Multi-User EndpointsGlobus
In this presentation we will share our experiences around getting started with the Globus Compute multi-user endpoint. Working with the Pharmacology group at the University of Auckland, we have previously written an application using Globus Compute that can offload computationally expensive steps in the researcher's workflows, which they wish to manage from their familiar Windows environments, onto the NeSI (New Zealand eScience Infrastructure) cluster. Some of the challenges we have encountered were that each researcher had to set up and manage their own single-user globus compute endpoint and that the workloads had varying resource requirements (CPUs, memory and wall time) between different runs. We hope that the multi-user endpoint will help to address these challenges and share an update on our progress here.
Designing for Privacy in Amazon Web ServicesKrzysztofKkol1
Data privacy is one of the most critical issues that businesses face. This presentation shares insights on the principles and best practices for ensuring the resilience and security of your workload.
Drawing on a real-life project from the HR industry, the various challenges will be demonstrated: data protection, self-healing, business continuity, security, and transparency of data processing. This systematized approach allowed to create a secure AWS cloud infrastructure that not only met strict compliance rules but also exceeded the client's expectations.
Listen to the keynote address and hear about the latest developments from Rachana Ananthakrishnan and Ian Foster who review the updates to the Globus Platform and Service, and the relevance of Globus to the scientific community as an automation platform to accelerate scientific discovery.
Accelerate Enterprise Software Engineering with PlatformlessWSO2
Key takeaways:
Challenges of building platforms and the benefits of platformless.
Key principles of platformless, including API-first, cloud-native middleware, platform engineering, and developer experience.
How Choreo enables the platformless experience.
How key concepts like application architecture, domain-driven design, zero trust, and cell-based architecture are inherently a part of Choreo.
Demo of an end-to-end app built and deployed on Choreo.
Quarkus Hidden and Forbidden ExtensionsMax Andersen
Quarkus has a vast extension ecosystem and is known for its subsonic and subatomic feature set. Some of these features are not as well known, and some extensions are less talked about, but that does not make them less interesting - quite the opposite.
Come join this talk to see some tips and tricks for using Quarkus and some of the lesser known features, extensions and development techniques.
3. Binate Covering Problem
Input:
Output:
A Boolean function f(y1, ..., yn)
A cost function Cost on the assignment of the yk’s
A minimum cost n-tuple satisfying f
12. Optimum Ind. Set Based Lower Bound
The optimum independent set based lower bound
is NP-complete
… and can be arbitrary far from
the minimum covering solution
15. Greedy Ind. Set Based Lower Bound
The greedy independent set based lower bound
can be arbitrary far from
the optimum independent set based lower bound
..., which itself
can be arbitrary far from
the minimum covering solution
17. Which Lower Bound is Better?
Greedy Independent set based
Greedy solution based
arbitrary far from the optimal solution
within log(|X|) of the optimal solution
can take advantage of limit lower bound
30. further prune
Limit Lower Bound
Takes advantage of an independent set based lower bound
to the search spacefurther prune
Can reduce the search space
by 1000
31.
Which Lower Bound is Better?
Greedy Independent set based
Greedy solution based
arbitrary far from the optimal solution
within log(|X|) of the optimal solution
can take advantage of limit lower bound
- What’s the problem? Why is it useful?
- An approach: Branch-and-bound resolution
- Depend on the quality of a lower bound
- A function
- A cost function
- Decompose the function as a product of sum
- Put in regards the variables of the function
- Build the covering matrix
- Solve the covering matrix
- Exact method are important to evaluate the performances of
polynomial heuristics algorithms
- Choose a branching column y
- Assume that y=0 or y=1, and consequently simplify the matrix
- Exponential search space
- Prevent from exploring unsuccessful branches that do not yield a better solution
- Relies on lower bound computation
- From the matrix, one build a graph such that two rows are connected by an edge iff there is an assignment of a variable that covers both of these rows.
- An independent set of this graph produces a lower bound of the optimal solution
-How far the optimum independent set based lower bound can be from the cost of the optimal solution?
- Well, as far as one wants…
- If the rows are connected to all (clique) or most (dense graph) of the other, the independent set is small, and thus the lower bound is of poor quality.
- Not only the maximum independent set is NP-complete, but the lower bound it produces can be arbitrary far from the optimal solution.
- Need a polynomial independent set algorithm
- Greedy: select a node according to some criterion, put it in the independent set, remove all edges and nodes connected to the chosen node, and iterate.
- Simple criterion: take the node of minimal degree
- Here, it yields the optimal independent set
- But in general, what can we expect from such a greedy algorithm?
- Here, the greedy produces an independent set that is arbitrary far from the maximum independent set
- One can change the criterion selection, but likely, if the criterion is polynomial, one can build a counter expample that still produces an arbitrary large gap between the greedy and the maximum independet sets.
- General status of the Greedy independent set based lower bound: there are 2 arbitrary large gap between the computed lower bound and the cost of the optimal solution.
- Consider a unate covering matrix (I.e., a set covering problem)
- It is log-approximable by a greedy algorithm
- Indeed, the log-ratio is the best possible one (except if P = NP)
- Only the multiplicative constant may be improved
- The upper bound on the solution yields a lower bound as well….
-…and this lower bound is no further than log(|X|) from the cost of the optimal solution.
- So the greedy solution based lower bound looks much better than the (greedy or maximum) independent set lower bound.
- But the independent set lower bound can take advantage of the limit lower bound to further prune the search.
- This set covering problem has several optimum solution of cost 6.
- This set covering problem has several optimum solution of cost 6.
- This set covering problem has several optimum solution of cost 6.
- This set covering problem has several optimum solution of cost 6.
- Let’s build an independent set. It consists in selecting an element, putting it in the independent set, and deleting the sets covering this element as well as the elements covered by these sets.
- At the end, we got an independent set of cost 5.
- Assuming that we already found a solution 6 (which is optimal), it’s impossible to prune the recursion since the lower bound is only 5.
- Let’s build an independent set. It consists in selecting an element, putting it in the independent set, and deleting the sets covering this element as well as the elements covered by these sets.
- At the end, we got an independent set of cost 5.
- Assuming that we already found a solution 6 (which is optimal), it’s impossible to prune the recursion since the lower bound is only 5.
- Let’s build an independent set. It consists in selecting an element, putting it in the independent set, and deleting the sets covering this element as well as the elements covered by these sets.
- At the end, we got an independent set of cost 5.
- Assuming that we already found a solution 6 (which is optimal), it’s impossible to prune the recursion since the lower bound is only 5.
- Let’s build an independent set. It consists in selecting an element, putting it in the independent set, and deleting the sets covering this element as well as the elements covered by these sets.
- At the end, we got an independent set of cost 5.
- Assuming that we already found a solution 6 (which is optimal), it’s impossible to prune the recursion since the lower bound is only 5.
- Let’s build an independent set. It consists in selecting an element, putting it in the independent set, and deleting the sets covering this element as well as the elements covered by these sets.
- At the end, we got an independent set of cost 5.
- Assuming that we already found a solution 6 (which is optimal), it’s impossible to prune the recursion since the lower bound is only 5.
- Let’s build an independent set. It consists in selecting an element, putting it in the independent set, and deleting the sets covering this element as well as the elements covered by these sets.
- At the end, we got an independent set of cost 5.
- Assuming that we already found a solution 6 (which is optimal), it’s impossible to prune the recursion since the lower bound is only 5.
- But the sets that do not contain any elements selected for the independent set cannot be used to build a better solution. So we can delete them...
-And if we do so, we create essential sets, I.e., sets that must be taken as belonging to the minimum solution since they are the only one to cover some elements.
- Consequenly simplifying the matrix yield a unique solution, whose cost is 6
- So it is impossible to improve upon the solution, and the search is complete
- Thus the limit lower bound uses an independent set based lower bound that is close enough to the current best solution to further prune the search spaceee
- Indeed, in examples coming from logic minimizatiuon, the reduction of the search space range from 50 to 1000.
- Thus the independent set based lower bound is, from the practical point of view, more effective than the theoritically better greedy solution based lower bound.
- But for high density covering matrix (e.g., some examples coming from operating research), the second can be more effective than the first one.