This document summarizes an auto-cloning photonic crystal technology that can create arbitrary optical patterns for applications such as waveplates and polarizers. The photonic crystals are thin multilayer structures with thicknesses around 10 wavelengths that use inorganic materials like silicon dioxide and metals oxides with different refractive indices. They can function across ultraviolet, visible, and infrared wavelengths. Examples highlighted include a hybrid thin photonic crystal waveplate that is 15 micrometers thick, 2 millimeters wide, and has a pitch of 20-250 micrometers that functions in the C or L band with less than 0.1 dB of insertion loss. A polarization beam splitter application is also described that can separate left and right circular polarizations with 0.
BBO is very good for tunable laser sources, such as ultrafast Ti:Sapphire or dye lasers. And it is also widely used for SHG, 3HG, 4HG, and autocorrelation of femtosecond and picosecond Ti:Sapphire lasers; SHG, 3HG, 4HG, 5HG of YAG lasers at 1064 nm and 1320 nm to yield output of 212-660nm; SHG of tunable dye or solid-state laser sources from 410-750 nm to yield output of 205-375 nm, SFM of dye laser and YAG harmonics to yield output of 189-400 nm; DFM (difference-frequency mixing) from the Visible to the IR range up to over 3000 nm; OPO pumped with SHG or 3HG of YAG or Ti:Sapphire with an output range of 400-3000 ; Intracavity SHG of Argon ion lasers (488, 514 nm) or Copper vapor lasers (510 nm, 578 nm).
Lithography is the process of transferring patterns of geometric shapes in a mask to a radiation sensitive material called resist,which cover the surface of semiconductor wafer.
BBO crystal is suitable for harmonic generation operations also it will never be the harmful one at any time. BBO crystal was used in multiple fields plus in a short time, this enhances the most wanted one because of its idealness.
BBO is very good for tunable laser sources, such as ultrafast Ti:Sapphire or dye lasers. And it is also widely used for SHG, 3HG, 4HG, and autocorrelation of femtosecond and picosecond Ti:Sapphire lasers; SHG, 3HG, 4HG, 5HG of YAG lasers at 1064 nm and 1320 nm to yield output of 212-660nm; SHG of tunable dye or solid-state laser sources from 410-750 nm to yield output of 205-375 nm, SFM of dye laser and YAG harmonics to yield output of 189-400 nm; DFM (difference-frequency mixing) from the Visible to the IR range up to over 3000 nm; OPO pumped with SHG or 3HG of YAG or Ti:Sapphire with an output range of 400-3000 ; Intracavity SHG of Argon ion lasers (488, 514 nm) or Copper vapor lasers (510 nm, 578 nm).
Lithography is the process of transferring patterns of geometric shapes in a mask to a radiation sensitive material called resist,which cover the surface of semiconductor wafer.
BBO crystal is suitable for harmonic generation operations also it will never be the harmful one at any time. BBO crystal was used in multiple fields plus in a short time, this enhances the most wanted one because of its idealness.
Lithographic photomasks are typically transparent fused silica blanks covered with a pattern defined with a chrome metal-absorbing film. Photomasks are used at wavelengths of 365 nm, 248 nm, and 193 nm. Photomasks have also been developed for other forms of radiation such as 157 nm, 13.5 nm (EUV), X-ray, electrons, and ions; but these require entirely new materials for the substrate and the pattern film.
Lithographic photomasks are typically transparent fused silica blanks covered with a pattern defined with a chrome metal-absorbing film. Photomasks are used at wavelengths of 365 nm, 248 nm, and 193 nm. Photomasks have also been developed for other forms of radiation such as 157 nm, 13.5 nm (EUV), X-ray, electrons, and ions; but these require entirely new materials for the substrate and the pattern film.
b-225 officer campus, 160 feet, vit road, ramnagariya Ergonomically designed, compact and robust FiberLight is the choice for quality cutting, in low and mid power laser application. Predefined cutting process parameters for wide range of materials helps to achieve quality cut in minimum possible time.
Simple and user-friendly Global Connect HMI control helps operators to produce high-quality products after a short-term training.
Laser cutting provides you a large range of advantages: High accuracy, low heat influence and quality cut parts.
The fibre laser, additionally, offers high efficiency and low maintenance.
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The new Global Connect controller with Job concept.
Sturdy & optimized structure for Smooth operation and quality cutting.
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Advanced cutting functions such as Jump function, Scan cut & Zip cuts ensures the fastest cutting time.
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Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
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Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
1. Auto-Cloning Photonic Crystal
✓ Multi-Domains of Arbitrary Patterns
✓ Muti-Domained Waveplate / Polarizer on a Chip
✓ Realization of Desired Optical Characteristics by Patterning
・Thickness: ~10λ
・Anisotropic multi-layer
・Inorganic material
・Low refractive index : SiO2
・High refractive : Nb2O5, TiO2, …etc
・Working wavelength : UV - Vis - IR
2. Thin Photonic Crystal Waveplate
3dB
Hybrid
✓ 15μmT×0.5mmH×2mm (max.) W (HWP)
✓ Pitch of Array : 20μm to 250μm
✓ Wavelength Range : C or L Band
✓ Insertion loss : Less than 0.1 dB@λ = 1.55μm Application for polarization diversity circuit
(Commercially available)
0.5 mm
8-segmented waveplate
3. Polarization Beam Splitter
Substrate Photonic crystal
thickness ~ 10λ
Surface SEM image of PBS
✓ Left / Right Circular Polarization Output
✓ Ellipticity : ~0.95
✓ Separation Angle : (max.) 20°@λ=1.55μm
✓ Low Insertion Loss : Less than 0.1dB@λ=1.55μm
Left CP
Right CP
Liner Pol.Left CP Right CP
Right CP Left CP
10 μm
