Nutrigenomics is the science that examines the response of individuals to food compounds using post-genomic and related technologies (e.g. genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabol/nomic etc.). The long-term aim of nutrigenomics is to understand how the whole body responds to real foods using an integrated approach termed 'systems biology'. The huge advantage in this approach is that the studies can examine people (i.e. populations, sub-populations - based on genes or disease - and individuals), food, life-stage and life-style without preconceived ideas.
the new emerging field of science that is nutrigenomics can deal with the issues of health and improve out health with the simple tools by understanding the risk and the baic genome of a person
Nutrigenomics is the science that examines the response of individuals to food compounds using post-genomic and related technologies (e.g. genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabol/nomic etc.). The long-term aim of nutrigenomics is to understand how the whole body responds to real foods using an integrated approach termed 'systems biology'. The huge advantage in this approach is that the studies can examine people (i.e. populations, sub-populations - based on genes or disease - and individuals), food, life-stage and life-style without preconceived ideas.
the new emerging field of science that is nutrigenomics can deal with the issues of health and improve out health with the simple tools by understanding the risk and the baic genome of a person
What is nutrigenomics ,introduction to genomic,introduction to nutrigenomics, examples ,1)folate2) pku 3)lactose intolersnce
2)antiaging
Diet disease interaction ,advantages of nutrigenomics ,disadvantages of nutrigenomics
why need of nutrigenomic,what are the uses of nutrigenomics,
My recent introduction talk for the Nutrigenomics Masterclass 2011in Wageningen (The Netherlands):
How to use Nutrigenomics & molecular nutrition? From challenges to solutions
What is nutrigenomics ,introduction to genomic,introduction to nutrigenomics, examples ,1)folate2) pku 3)lactose intolersnce
2)antiaging
Diet disease interaction ,advantages of nutrigenomics ,disadvantages of nutrigenomics
why need of nutrigenomic,what are the uses of nutrigenomics,
My recent introduction talk for the Nutrigenomics Masterclass 2011in Wageningen (The Netherlands):
How to use Nutrigenomics & molecular nutrition? From challenges to solutions
Biological diversity, or biodiversity, is the scientific term for the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is the key indicator of the health of an ecosystem. Every living thing, including man, is involved in these complex networks of interdependent relationships, which are called ecosystems.
Like all healthy ecosystems, Richness of microbiota species characterizes the GI microbiome in healthy individuals. Conversely, a loss in species diversity is a common finding in several disease states. Microbiota Biodiversity helps us : 1- Combat aggressions from other microorganisms, 2- Maintaining the wholeness of the intestinal mucosa. 3- Plays an important role in the immune system, 4- Performing a barrier effect.5- A healthy and balanced gut microbiota is key to ensuring proper digestive functioning. A gut out of balance means a body out of balance which means illness including Inflammation, Allergies, Infections, Nutrient deficiencies, Weight Gain, Asthma-allergies – Autoimmunity
• Arthritis, Metabolic Bone disease, Skin problems e.g. eczema, rosacia, Mood disorders - Cognitive decline-Alzheimers and Cancer.
The study of how genes and gene products interact with dietary chemicals to alter phenotype and, conversely, how genes and their products metabolize nutrients is called nutritional genomics or “Nutrigenomics”.
World Digestive Health Day 2024 and .pptxHasanQamar1
“World digestive Health Day advocates the necessity of a healthy diet in the promotion of optimal gastrointestinal function and microbiome health. The goal is to promote a healthy lifestyle and improve understanding of the importance of a healthy gastrointestinal (GI) tract”
The GI tract is an essential organ that provides nutrients, enhances the immune response, and houses the intestinal microbiota. Comprehending the normal functions of the GI tract and diet can help identify when to seek GI care for symptoms
Epigenetics, the microbiome and the environmentfathi neana
An epigenome consists of a record of the chemical changes to the DNA and histone proteins of an organism. These changes can be passed down to an organism's offspring via transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. Epigenetics, Gut microbiome and the Environment interplay like a vicious triad.
1- The epigenome is highly sensitive to external environment
2- The epigenome is highly sensitive to internal environment (Microbiome)
3- The microbiome (internal environment) is affected by the external environment
Care of the microbiome seems to be a personal issue but as it is affected by the external environment the issue must be global and a worldwide campaign have to be started.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
2. CONTENTS
2) GENES
1) INTRODUCTION- NUTRITIONAL GENOMICS
3) INTERACTION BETWEEN NUTRIENT AND GENE
4) CLASSIFICATION
5) NUTRIGENOMICS
6) NUTRIGENETICS
7) ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
8) CONCLUSION
3. NUTRITIONAL GENOMICS
IT IS NEW AND FAST MOVING
FIELD – COMBINES
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY,
GENETICS AND NUTRITION
PROVIDES GENETIC
UNDERSTANDING FOR HOW
DIET, NUTRIENTS AND OTHER
FOOD COMPONENTS AFFECT
BALANCE BETWEEN HEALTH
AND DISEASE BY ALTERING
THE EXPRESSION /
STRUCTURE OF INDIVIDUAL
GENETIC MAKEUP
4. NUTRITIONAL GENOMICS
NUTRITIONAL GENOMICS HAS
TRANSFORMED NUTRITION FROM
CLASSICAL TO MOLECULAR LEVEL
IT HELPS US TO DERTERMINE
WHICH NUTRITIONAL
COMPONENT ARE MOST
BENEFICIAL FOR INDIVIDUAL'S
HEALTH.
5. GENES
DNA- LONG THREAD LIKE
MOLECULE PROVIDE BLUEPRINT
OF INSTRUCTION FOR OUR BODY'S
50 TRILLION CELLS
• DNA CHROMOSOMES
• CHROMOSOMES LOCATED IN
NUCLEUS OF CELLS
• GENE IS A REGION / SEGMENT OF
DNA THAT CONTAIN SPECIFIC CODE
6. GENOME
GENE SEQUENCE TELLS CELL HOW TO
MAKE PROTEIN MOLECULE
PROTEIN CONTROL MANY ASPECTS
CELLULAR ANOTOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND
METABOLISM
PROTEINS – ENZYMES, RECEPTORS,
PEPTIDE HORMONES, STRUCTURAL
BUILDING BLOCKS
GENOME- TOTAL SET OF GENES IN AN
ORGANISM
HUMAN GENOME- CONSISTS OF 20,000
GENES
7. NUTRITIONAL GENOMICS
THOSE
VARIATION IN
GENE –
EXPLAIN
WHY NO TWO
PEOPLE ARE
SAME AND
EVERYONE IS
UNIQUE.
NUTRITIONAL GENOMICS
HELPS EXPLAIN THE
DIFFERENT INDIVIDUAL
RESPONSES PEOPLE HAVE
WHEN GIVEN THE SAME
NUTRITIONAL
TREATMENT
BY UNDERSTANDING HOW
EACH INDIVIDUAL
REACTS TO SPECIFIC
NUTRIENT WE CAN
ENHANCE PATIENT CARE
8. INTERACTION BETWEEN NUTRIENT AND GENE
1. DIRECT INTERACTIONS
Nutrients interact with receptor and
behave as transcription factors which can
bind at DNA level, causing acute
expression of gene.
2. EPIGENETIC INTERACTIONS
Nutrients modify DNA structure –which
alters the particular gene expression and
become chronic
9. CLASSIFICATION
1. NUTRIGENOMICS
Focuses on the effect
of nutrients and
other food
components on
GENES,
PROTEINS AND
OTHER
METABOLIC
PROCESS
2. NUTRIGENETICS
It determines the
mechanism by
which individual
genetic variation
affects interaction
between diet and
disease
10. NUTRIGENOMICS
From a nutrigenomic perspective- bioactive food
components are dietary signals detected by
cellular sensory systems, that influence gene
expression, protein synthesis and metabolic
production
Genes are dietary targets
Nutrigenomics seeks to examine these dietary
signals in specific cells, tissues and helps to
understand how it affect gene expression
11. FOUR BASIC TENETS OF NUTRIGENOMICS
1. Improper diets are risk factor
for disease
3. The degree to which the diet
influences the balance between
healthy disease status depends on
the individual genetic makeup
2. Dietary chemicals alter
expression/ change gene structure
4. Some diet regulated genes likely
to play a role in onset, incidence,
progression/ severity of chronic
disease
13. NUTRIGENETICS NUTRIGENETICS
identifies how the genetic
makeup of a particular
individual coordinates his/
her response to various
dietary nutrients
It reveals why and how
people respond differently
to same nutrient
Ultimate goal- provide
nutritional recommendations
for individual according to
their genetic makeup
14. GENE VARIATION
All humans-99.9%
identical at gene
sequence level
0.1% variation in
sequence produce
difference in
phenotype
Most common type-
SINGLE
NUCLEOTIDE
POLYMORPHISM
SNPs- changes occur
at single base
SNPs make 90% of all
variation
3 million SNPs
identified in humans
Because of these SNPs
individual respond
differently to same
diet
15.
16.
17.
18. CONCLUSION
Nutritional genomics provides a great
opportunity for dietitian as they will
be able to provide reliable, science
based evidence on how to improve
ones gene expression through whole
food consumption rather then
relaying on supplementation.
Registered dietitians will be able to
provide personalised nutrition
information to help improve patients
overall health and minimize their risk
for disease which will be more
accurate by knowing their unique
genetic make up.