The best presentation you can ever have on Nursing History presentation with authentic material and proper references. Objectives Summary of ancient cultures Site of Health Care in Ancient Cultures Islam and Nursing The founder of Nursing Historical Perspective of Nursing in Mughal period Nursing Defined by different scholar Definition of Nursing by WHO Types of Nursing Educational Programs History of Nursing Education in Pakistan

1. History of Nursing &
Development of Nursing

2. Objectives
Summary of ancient cultures
Site of Health Care in Ancient Cultures
Islam and Nursing
The founder of Nursing
Historical Perspective
Nursing in Mughal period
Nursing Defined by different scholar
Definition of Nursing by WHO
Types of Nursing Educational Programs
History of Nursing Education in Pakistan

3. Historical Perspective
(Summary of ancient cultures)
INTRODUCTION
Ancient Egypt is considered as one of the earliest, longest-lasting and most
prominent civilization in history.
Ancient Egyptians overlapped between magic, religion, sin, pinishment and
the influence of supernatural in the events of daily life
Demons and Sins were assumed to bring diseases, sickness and disabilities
as way of punishment.

4. CONT..
In ancient Egypt, health care professions such as physician or healers were usually priests who were
accountable for healing physical and psychological
diseases.
The priests acted as a link between humans and gods. They believed that people had to make the
Gods happy to have good health and peace of mind.
The embalmer is the one who prepares the mummies to keep the body after death without damage
because to improve their knowledge of anatomy comparing the anatomy of human bodies with that
of animal bodies as indicated in the most of their ancient texts’
Other fields with such as the pharmacist, bandagers, masseur and even amulet seller who was trained
to take the pulse

5. Medical treatment In ancient Egypt
• Ancient Egypt treatment includes leaves, grass and the bark of the willow
tree contain salicylic acid used to treat inflammatory disease, to alleviate
birth pains and reduce fever.
• Egyptian doctors could stitch up wounds, repair broken bones and
amputate infected limbs. The incision was dressed by mixture of raw
meat, linen, and swabs soaked with honey. At the beginning of the Late
period and early Ptolemaic period [656 BC–323 BC], the so-called
healing statues were appeared.
• Internal disorders were managed by using magic and amulets in this case
will be wider beside the invocations to gods who were considered to be
involved in both causing diseases and cure them.

6. Different title to Caregivers In Ancient Egypt
The Coffin Texts were developed in the first Intermediate Period [2134 BCE–2040 BCE] and composed of
the Pyramid Texts, which had been placed only in royal tombs/ pyramids) Also, for the first time the male
title xnm.ti ”male nurse“ was attested in the (CT) as a God's child or as priestly title.
Wet-nurse was augmented to
substitute mothers who can't
provide care or feed their children
“Dry nurse” was used for ordinary
use and to take care of the aged
“The Royal Tutor “the one who
nurtured the God = the king”

7. Site of Healthcare in
Ancient Cultures
• According to the Ottawa Charter, ‘Health Promotion’ is a
health strategy that aims to incorporate skills and
community development and to create supportive
environments for health, endeavors to build healthy public
policy and looks at re-orienting health services (WHO,
1986).
• Although it is commonly accepted that these basic
concepts of health promotion have been developed in the
last two decades, they have roots in ancient civilizations
and in particular in Greek antiquity.

8. As evident from medical and philosophical documents—especially of the sixth to fourth centuries B.C.
the ancient Greeks were the first to break with the metaphysical/supernatural conceptions of health
and disease that had so far dominated human societies (Edelstein, 1987).
The ancient Greeks’ apprehension of health and illness was based on the theory of the four ‘fluids’
(blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile) which was of great significance for Pythagorean philosophy
that dominated the pre-Socratic period (Temkin, 1995).

9. Hippocrates
Pathogenic process, according to Hippocrates, is a result of the overturn of equilibrium and the
predominance of one of the four fluids that causes disease through the disruption of the equilibrium
of the four fluids
Hippocrates posited a natural theory of disease etiology and notes that the treatment of male
impotence.
Hippocrates recognized that some diseases were always present in a given population. They called
these diseases ‘endemic’, whereas other diseases, which were not always present but which occurred in
greater frequency at certain times, they called ‘epidemic’. Both terms are widely used today. Rosen
(1993)
Hippocrates' treatise About Wind, Water and Places is not only a text of great historical value but also
a groundbreaking achievement. Beneficence and no maleficence are age old requirements of
the Hippocratic Oath for health professionals to ‘do good’ and ‘do not harm’ (Racher, 2007).

10. Greek History
Little is known of Greek medicine before the appearance of written texts in
the fifth century B.C. Greece as many other prehistoric countries possessed
folk healers, including priest healers and chief tribunes employing divination
and drugs.
Greek society at large drew heavily upon sacred healing. In Homer, Apollo
appears as the ‘God of healing’.
Once Asklepius was recognized as the God of medicine.
During the fourth and the third century the cult of Asclepius and the
practice of Hippocratic medicine spread, and by 200 B.C. every large town in
Greece had an Asklepieion.

11. For Complete Presentation Click the Link
below.
‘A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step.’ Lao-Tsu
Chinese Philosopher
https://nursesprofessionaledu.com/history-of-nursing-and-
development-of-nursing-ppt/