This document discusses rootstocks and their characteristics for fruit crops. It defines a rootstock as the lower portion of a grafted plant that develops into the root system, and a scion as the part grafted onto the rootstock. There are two main types of rootstocks - seedling rootstocks developed from seeds, and clonal rootstocks propagated vegetatively. An ideal rootstock is described as one that is compatible with scions, adapted to the local environment, resistant to diseases and pests, tolerant of soil conditions, and positively influences scion performance and quality.
Gerbera - introduction and uses – varieties – media and environment- Fumigation - filed preparation - planting systems – nutrition and fertigation - weed management – training and pruning – special horticultural practices - role of growth regulators- physiological disorders and its control measures- harvest index and yield
cole vegetable definitions, it's origin, cabbage, and cauliflower floral formula, a botanical description of plant, floral botany, yield, nutrients value in curd and list of cole vegetables.
Guava is an important fruit crop in tropical and subtropical regions of the country due to the hardy nature of its tree and prolific bearing even in marginal lands.
The Meadow Orchard is a modern method of fruit cultivation.
Recently, there is a trend to plant fruit trees at closer spacing leading to high density or meadow orchard. Higher and quality production is achieved from densely planted orchards through judicious canopy management and adoption of suitable tree training systems.
Training is an important operation in grapes.
It helps to maintain the stature and spread of the vine and facilitates operations like pruning, intercultivation, spraying and harvesting.
Many training systems are in vogue in India, but the most popular are Bower, Telephone and Kniffin systems.
Carrot cultivation based on botany, plant characteristic, soil, climate, variety and varietal characteristic, problem in cultivation and their management practices and storage and post harvest handling.
Gerbera - introduction and uses – varieties – media and environment- Fumigation - filed preparation - planting systems – nutrition and fertigation - weed management – training and pruning – special horticultural practices - role of growth regulators- physiological disorders and its control measures- harvest index and yield
cole vegetable definitions, it's origin, cabbage, and cauliflower floral formula, a botanical description of plant, floral botany, yield, nutrients value in curd and list of cole vegetables.
Guava is an important fruit crop in tropical and subtropical regions of the country due to the hardy nature of its tree and prolific bearing even in marginal lands.
The Meadow Orchard is a modern method of fruit cultivation.
Recently, there is a trend to plant fruit trees at closer spacing leading to high density or meadow orchard. Higher and quality production is achieved from densely planted orchards through judicious canopy management and adoption of suitable tree training systems.
Training is an important operation in grapes.
It helps to maintain the stature and spread of the vine and facilitates operations like pruning, intercultivation, spraying and harvesting.
Many training systems are in vogue in India, but the most popular are Bower, Telephone and Kniffin systems.
Carrot cultivation based on botany, plant characteristic, soil, climate, variety and varietal characteristic, problem in cultivation and their management practices and storage and post harvest handling.
High Density Planting is a method of densely planting plant with plant population more than the optimum to get higher productivity in terms of quality and yield by manipulating the tree architecture and planting systems such as use of dwarfing rootstock, interstocks, scions, spurs; intensive use of growth regulators, training and pruning, cultural practices and reducing the spacing. The main principle is to improve efficiency of horizontal and vertical space utilisation per unit time, and resources and input utilisation. There is a balance between the vegetative and fruiting structures without affecting the plant health. Advantages include increased productivity, high income, efficient use of resources and mechanisation and operational efficacy
The inability or Failure of two different plant Grafted together to produce a successful graft union is called Graft incompatibility.
Some pear cultivars are successfully grafted on quince rootstock, whereas, the other may die soon. However the reverse combination i.e. the quince on pear rootstock is always a failure
High Density Planting is a method of densely planting plant with plant population more than the optimum to get higher productivity in terms of quality and yield by manipulating the tree architecture and planting systems such as use of dwarfing rootstock, interstocks, scions, spurs; intensive use of growth regulators, training and pruning, cultural practices and reducing the spacing. The main principle is to improve efficiency of horizontal and vertical space utilisation per unit time, and resources and input utilisation. There is a balance between the vegetative and fruiting structures without affecting the plant health. Advantages include increased productivity, high income, efficient use of resources and mechanisation and operational efficacy
The inability or Failure of two different plant Grafted together to produce a successful graft union is called Graft incompatibility.
Some pear cultivars are successfully grafted on quince rootstock, whereas, the other may die soon. However the reverse combination i.e. the quince on pear rootstock is always a failure
Secondary metabolite production through hairy root culture, obtained via Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated gene transfer techniques, has drawn much attention in last few decades.
Hairy root system is a convenient and viable approach to get the target metabolites.
Rootstocks For Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Crops.pptxshivajikolekar
Rootstock , fruit crops , Mango, Guava, Grape, Citrus and Sapota, Role of rootstock in fruit production, Importance of rootstock in fruit production, limitations.
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nursery production of fruit crops: definition of rootstocks and scion, types of rootstocks
1. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, RAIGARH
Nursery production of fruit crops: Definition of rootstock
and scion, types of rootstock, characteristics of an ideal
rootstocks.
Presentation
on
Presented To:
Mr. D. PATEL
DEPTT. OF HORTICULTURE
Presented By:
LAXMI MAHARATHI
4TH YEAR 2ND SEM
AFFILIATED TO
IGKV RAIPUR
3. INTRODUCTION
Rootstock:-
A fruit tree rootstock is the stump
of a related species which
already has an established,
healthy root system, and to which
a separate fruit tree is joined by
grafting or budding (thomas and
morgan).
The resulting fruit tree will be
Stronger, quicker to establish and
Will take on the desirable features
Of the rootstock itself.
4. Rootstock?
Rootstock is the lower portion of the graft which
develops into the root system of the grafted
plant.
A rootstock may be a seedling, a rooted cutting
or a layered plant.
It is also described a plant which already has an
established healthy root system on to which a
cutting or bud from another plant is grafted.
5. Rootstock? Cont…
The plant part grafted on to the rootstock is
usually called as scion.
Rootstocks are being used in plant propagation
for more than 20 centuries.
The rootstock may be a same or different
species from the scion.
The use of rootstock is most commonly
associated with fruit plants.
6. Scion?
The scion is the part of the grafted plant that will
produce the plant's shoots. It will, in the future,
give rise to all of the plant's leaves, stems,
flowers, and fruits.
The plant part grafted on to the rootstock is
usually called the scion. The scion is the plant
that has the properties that propagator desires
above ground, including the photosynthetic
activity and the fruit or decorative properties.
7. TYPES OF ROOTSTOCK
1. Seedling rootstock :-
These are developed from seeds.
These rootstocks are relatively simple and
economical to produce.
Root system developed by seedlings tend to be
deeper.
These are mostly used for tropical and sub-
tropical fruit crops.
8. Seedling rootstock Cont…
Seedling rootstocks have an advantage that the
plants don't retain viruses occurring in their
parent plants.
Seedling rootstocks have a disadvantage of
genetic variation which may lead to variation in
performance of scion.
9. 2. Clonal rootstock :-
Rootstocks propagated vegetatively are known
as clonal rootstocks.
These also include those propagated through
azygotic seeds (parthenogentic, polyembryonic
and apomictic seeds).
Each clonal individual plant is genetically same
and have identical growth characteristics in a
given environment (Hartmann et al, 2002).
10. Clonal rootstock Cont…
Major disadvantage of clonal rootstocks is that,
they retain the viruses occurring in the parent
plants.
These are available in majority for temperate
fruits.
11. CHARACTERISTICS OF AN IDEAL ROOTSTOCK
It should exhibit a high degree of compatibility
with scion cultivars and give maximum life to
trees.
It should be well adapted to agro-climatic
conditions of the particular locality like frost,
cold and heat.
Should be resistant to disease and pests
prevalent in the concerned area.
Should be tolerant to adverse soil conditions like
salt and drought.
12. CHARACTERISTICS OF AN IDEAL ROOTSTOCK
Cont…
Must exhibit favorable and positive influence on
the performance, bearing and quality of scion
variety.
Should possess good nursery characteristics like
germination, high degree of polyembryony,
ability to attain graft-able size in short period
and free from excessive branching.
13. References
Banerjee, A.K. 1987. Nursery manual for species
commonly used in social forestry in India, Rep:
National Wasteland Development Board/00I
/007/1987, Kapoor press, New Delhi, p 64.
Bhimraj Bhujbal (ed.). 2012. Resource book on
horticulture nursery management, YCMOU,
NAIP, ICAR, p 264.
