This document discusses the health system and major diseases in Pakistan. It outlines problems in the health sector including a lack of access to care, especially in rural areas. Major diseases affecting Pakistanis are discussed such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hepatitis and others. The document calls for reforms to the health system including increasing funding, improving access to care, regulating the private sector, and focusing on health education and poverty reduction.

1. Dr.Shahzad A.Daula
Director
Sanabil Health Services

2. CONTENTS
OVER VIEW
HEALTH SYSTEM
PROBLEMS OF HEALTH
MAJOR DISEASES
TREATMENTS OF DISEASES
CONCLUSION

3. Major Diseases in Pakistan
Kidney Diseases
Cancer
Diabetes
Hepatitis A,B,C
High Blood Pressure
Malaria
Cholera
Influenza
Eye Infection
Heart Attack
Depression
Asthma
Jaundice

4. What is heart attack?
A heart attack is the damage and death of heart
muscle from the sudden blockage of a coronary
artery by a blood clot.
Cholesterol plaques cause
hardening of the arterial walls and
narrowing of the inner channel
(lumen) of the artery. Arteries that
are narrowed by atherosclerosis
cannot deliver enough blood to
maintain normal function of the
parts of the body they supply.
Causes :

5. Chest pain
Jaw pain, toothache
,headache
Shortness of breath
Nausea , Vomiting
Sweating
Heartburn
Arm pain
Symptoms :

6. What is hepatitis C infection?
Hepatitis C infection is an infection of the liver caused by
the hepatitis C virus (HCV).
Reasons:
Blood transfusion
Organ transplant
Sharing needles and other
equipment(such as cotton
,spoon and water)used to
inject illegal drugs.

7. About 75% of people have nosymptoms
when they first acquire HCVinfection.
Remaining 25% may complain of:-
Fatigue
Loss of Appetite
Muscle aches orFever
Yellowing of skin oreyes(Jaundice)
Symptoms:
4.8% of
population

8. Kidney Diseases
when the kidneys become damaged, waste
products and fluid can build up in the body,
causing swelling in your ankles, vomiting,
weakness, poor sleep, and shortness of
breath.
Causes:
High blood pressure
High blood sugar
Kidney infection
Long use of medicines
Blocked renal artery

9. Oral Cancer
Cancer is defined as the uncontrollable growth of cells that invade
and cause damage to surrounding tissue. Oral cancer, which includes
cancers of the lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, hard and soft
palate, throat, can be life threatening if not diagnosed and treated
early.
Causes :
Excessive consumption of alcohol
Sun exposure , especially at a
young age.
Smoking
Family history of cancer

10. Symptoms of oral cancer
Swellings, rough spots or eroded
areas on the lips, gums, or other
areas inside the mouth
The development of velvety white,
red, or speckled(white and red)
patches in the mouth
Bleeding in the mouth
Ear pain
Dramatic weight loss.

11. High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure (HBP) or hypertension means high pressure
(tension) in the arteries.
Causes of high blood pressure:
•age
•diet
•excessive alcohol consumption
•lack of exercise
•sleep apnea
•stress

12. Symptoms of high blood pressure
Headache
Vision Problem
Dizziness
Shortness of breath
But most peoplewith hypertension have no
symptoms, it is referred as “silentkiller”

14. of heartTreatment
diseases
Treatments for heart disease
range from low-tech to high-
tech. Medical care is essential
once heart disease is diagnosed,
with the goals of stabilizing the
condition immediately,
controlling symptoms over the
long term, and providing a cure
when possible.

15.  Heart Transplant
 Heart Bypass Surgery
 Valve Disease Treatment
 Angioplasty and Stents
 Implantable Cardioverter
Defibrillators (ICD)
 Pacemakers
 Ablation

16.  Angiotension II Receptor Blockers
 Antiplatelet Drugs
 Aspirin Therapy
 Beta-Blocker Therapy
 Calcium Channel Blocker Drugs
 Digoxin
 Antiarrhythmics

17.  Plant-Based Diet for Heart Health
 Finding Strength During Tough Times
 Recovery After Heart Surgery

18.  In Punjab especially in Lahore many people are
suffering from dengue fever. Medical science has
not any proper treatment for this fever except
Panadol, but natural cure is available to tackle this
disease. Here are some proven natural home
remedies to treat the fever.
 Fresh Juices
 Papaya Juice
 Tulsi (Basil Leaves)

19.  Fresh Juices
Pomegranate, orange, apple
and sweet lemon juices are
recommended by the doctors.
Add one lemon juice in apple
juice before in taking.
 Papaya juice
Papaya juice is much effective to
cure the fever and to increase the
platelets. To make papaya juice,
grind papaya leaves then add a
little amount of water in it and
strain.

20.  Tulsi (Basil Leaves)
 If you want to take tea, add basil leaves in tea
to give it herbal touch. Basil leaves have
properties to lower down the temperature of
body.

21. The main treatment for hepatitis C is to kill the virus that causes
the disease. A combination of two antiviral drugs — peginterferon
and ribavirin — is successful in eliminating the virus in as many
as half those treated.

22.  For years, the standard hepatitis C treatment was a
combination of injected interferon alpha and the oral
antiviral drug ribavirin A combination form of these
drugs is also available, called Rebetron.
 More recently, another form of interferon --
peginterferon, or pegylated interfero-has become the
standard of care. Interferon is a man-made version of
certain natural proteins that fight viruses .

23. Kidney disease is :
• progressive disease, which means that the damage
in the kidneys tends to be permanent and can't be
undone. So it is important to identify kidney disease
early.
• Medications, especially drugs that control diabetes
and high blood pressure, can sometimes help slow
the progress of chronic kidney disease.

24.  Lose weight
 Eat plenty of whole grains
 Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables
 Dairy up.
 Limit meat, fish, and poultry to two servings a day
 Go nuts.
 Limit fats and oil to two to three servings per day
 Hold the salt.
 Get off the couch
 Drink in moderation
Top10 ways to reduce the
high blood pressure

25.  Several types of medicine are used to treat
high blood pressure. Your health care
provider will decide which type of medicine is
right for you. You may need to take more than
one blood pressure medicine.

26. Although the government has made efforts to improve the
health facilities , there is still more to be done.
According to Pakistan Economic Survey, the
infant morality rate per 1,000 live births was 82.
The life expectancy at birth was only 64 years.
The percentage of total population having access to safe
water was 65 percent & sanitation 23 percent .

27. The health care system in Pakistan comprises the public as
well as private health facilities.
In Pakistan vast majority of doctors resides in urban area
and attracts the educated class towards private sector.
Utilization of public health care facility is not the main
priority of the educated class of the country.
According to the Economic Survey of Pakistan, the
government spent 0.75 percent of GDP on health sector in
order to make its population more healthy

28. To overcome the problems..
Government officials should pay
attention to make it more convenient for general public.
Poverty Reduction Strategy should be make.
Widespread prevalence of communicable diseases should
Be reduced.

29. Private Sector should be Regulated
Deficiency of Health Education System should
reduced
Make National Health Policy (Health Sector Reform)
Greater gender equity should be promote.
 By correcting urban bias in health sector

30.  Required regulation in private medical sector should
introduced.
By Creating Mass Awareness in Public Health.
By Effecting Improvements in the Drug Sector
 Access to Health Care Services should be easy.

31. Resources should reallocate and health
strategy should reformulate.
low income people access to medical services is
the desired need of the time.
professional/managerial deficiencies in the
district health system should remove.

32. The government should invest in nursing colleges to
overcome the limited human capital in the health
sector.
The private sector is playing a vital role in the
health care service delivery in Pakistan. However,
this sector needs to be regulated and monitored.