A total of 59 converted sorghum lines and 6 checks were evaluated for resistance to two foliar fungal diseases, anthracnose and downy mildew (SDM) in 2008 and 2009 growing seasons at the Texas A&M AgriLife Research Farm, College Station, Texas. In 2008, 23 lines exhibited resistance (35%), 29 susceptible (45%) and 13 variable responses (20%) while 15 lines showed resistance (28%), 31 susceptible (57%), and 8 variable responses to anthracnose in 2009. Nine lines SC748, PI534101, PI534073, PI533950, PI534155, PI533802, PI533776, PI533911 and PI533759 exhibited anthracnose resistance response in both years. Significantly a wide range of 8 to 89% SDM incidence was observed in the study. None of the lines recorded SDM resistance reaction in both years. However, 15 lines PI534119, PI533983, PI597970, PI534160, PI570726, PI534161, PI534112, PI576374, PI533753, SC748, PI533991, PI569998, PI534050, PI534155 and PI533898 recorded moderate resistance to SDM incidence and recommended for use in further breeding programs. There was a positive significant correlation (P = 0.0392) between anthracnose and SDM, indicating that the lines showing higher SDM incidence favors higher anthracnose infection. Significant correlation between precipitation and SDM was also noted. SC748 and PI534155 exhibited resistance to anthracnose and downy mildew diseases and hold promise for utilization in breeding programs as potential checks.
Host range of mungbean yellow mosaic virus (mymv) and influence of age of see...Jayappa Singanodi
Among twelve different plant species belonging to two families viz. Leguminosae and Solanaceae, only leguminous crops such as soybean (Glycin max (L.) Merr.), Pigeonpea (Cajanuscajan (L.) Millsp.), Black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.) and French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were transmitted with MYMV. Seedlings with early inoculation recorded highest per cent transmission. 93.33 per cent transmission was recorded in ten days old seedlings followed 80, 66.66, 46.66 and 33.33 per cent transmission were recorded by 15, 20, 25 and 30 days old seedlings, respectively.
Long smut and grain mold are fungal diseases that impact sorghum yield and quality. Long smut infection is most severe in the drier regions of Africa and Asia; whereas, grain mold is the most important disease of sorghum worldwide. In this study, 30 sorghum lines/hybrids were evaluate at the Agronomic Research Stations in Nioro, Senegal, West Africa. Seven lines/hybrids exhibited less than 10% long smut incidence, including AgriPro 2838, and AP 920 that were free of the disease, while NECS 2 had the lowest grain mold severity. The two hybrids AgriPro 2838 and AP 920 may possess genes for long smut resistance and could be utilized in breeding programs for long smut resistance.
Occurrence and Extent of Fusarium Head Blight on Wheat Cultivars in SomaliaPremier Publishers
This study was aimed to evaluate the disease incidence and severity of Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat cultivar commonly cultivated in Somalia. To execute this study, four commonly grown wheat cultivars e.g., edessa, ceyhann99, kasifbey, and gündaş were cultivated in two different seasons (winter and summer) maintaining the good agricultural practices. Results revealed that the highest percent of Fusarium head blight disease incidence was observed in kasifbey (65%) cultivar followed by edessa (40.13%), ceyhann99 (28.75%) and gündaş (13.75%). The disease severity and disease index of Fusarium head blight was varied significantly among the wheat cultivars and the highest percent was recorded on the kasifbey cultivar as 61.63% and 39.50%, respectively while the lowest was observed on the gündaş (13.18% and 1.88%, respectively). The maximum grain severity among the cultivars was recorded on the edessa (4.01%) whereas the minimum was on the gündaş (0.92%). The gündaş was experienced to yield better than the other cultivars and performed better resistance against the Fusarium head blight disease of wheat, however, special intervention should be taken to protect the wheat from Fusarium head blight disease.
A total of 59 converted sorghum lines and 6 checks were evaluated for resistance to two foliar fungal diseases, anthracnose and downy mildew (SDM) in 2008 and 2009 growing seasons at the Texas A&M AgriLife Research Farm, College Station, Texas. In 2008, 23 lines exhibited resistance (35%), 29 susceptible (45%) and 13 variable responses (20%) while 15 lines showed resistance (28%), 31 susceptible (57%), and 8 variable responses to anthracnose in 2009. Nine lines SC748, PI534101, PI534073, PI533950, PI534155, PI533802, PI533776, PI533911 and PI533759 exhibited anthracnose resistance response in both years. Significantly a wide range of 8 to 89% SDM incidence was observed in the study. None of the lines recorded SDM resistance reaction in both years. However, 15 lines PI534119, PI533983, PI597970, PI534160, PI570726, PI534161, PI534112, PI576374, PI533753, SC748, PI533991, PI569998, PI534050, PI534155 and PI533898 recorded moderate resistance to SDM incidence and recommended for use in further breeding programs. There was a positive significant correlation (P = 0.0392) between anthracnose and SDM, indicating that the lines showing higher SDM incidence favors higher anthracnose infection. Significant correlation between precipitation and SDM was also noted. SC748 and PI534155 exhibited resistance to anthracnose and downy mildew diseases and hold promise for utilization in breeding programs as potential checks.
Host range of mungbean yellow mosaic virus (mymv) and influence of age of see...Jayappa Singanodi
Among twelve different plant species belonging to two families viz. Leguminosae and Solanaceae, only leguminous crops such as soybean (Glycin max (L.) Merr.), Pigeonpea (Cajanuscajan (L.) Millsp.), Black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.) and French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were transmitted with MYMV. Seedlings with early inoculation recorded highest per cent transmission. 93.33 per cent transmission was recorded in ten days old seedlings followed 80, 66.66, 46.66 and 33.33 per cent transmission were recorded by 15, 20, 25 and 30 days old seedlings, respectively.
Long smut and grain mold are fungal diseases that impact sorghum yield and quality. Long smut infection is most severe in the drier regions of Africa and Asia; whereas, grain mold is the most important disease of sorghum worldwide. In this study, 30 sorghum lines/hybrids were evaluate at the Agronomic Research Stations in Nioro, Senegal, West Africa. Seven lines/hybrids exhibited less than 10% long smut incidence, including AgriPro 2838, and AP 920 that were free of the disease, while NECS 2 had the lowest grain mold severity. The two hybrids AgriPro 2838 and AP 920 may possess genes for long smut resistance and could be utilized in breeding programs for long smut resistance.
Occurrence and Extent of Fusarium Head Blight on Wheat Cultivars in SomaliaPremier Publishers
This study was aimed to evaluate the disease incidence and severity of Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat cultivar commonly cultivated in Somalia. To execute this study, four commonly grown wheat cultivars e.g., edessa, ceyhann99, kasifbey, and gündaş were cultivated in two different seasons (winter and summer) maintaining the good agricultural practices. Results revealed that the highest percent of Fusarium head blight disease incidence was observed in kasifbey (65%) cultivar followed by edessa (40.13%), ceyhann99 (28.75%) and gündaş (13.75%). The disease severity and disease index of Fusarium head blight was varied significantly among the wheat cultivars and the highest percent was recorded on the kasifbey cultivar as 61.63% and 39.50%, respectively while the lowest was observed on the gündaş (13.18% and 1.88%, respectively). The maximum grain severity among the cultivars was recorded on the edessa (4.01%) whereas the minimum was on the gündaş (0.92%). The gündaş was experienced to yield better than the other cultivars and performed better resistance against the Fusarium head blight disease of wheat, however, special intervention should be taken to protect the wheat from Fusarium head blight disease.
Genetics of Yellow Rust Resistance in WheatAnu Naruka
Wheat is a major staple food of world population and occupies about 21.8 % of total cultivated area accounting for 35.5 % of total food grain production at global level. Wheat is the second most important cereal of India. India is a major producer of wheat, accounting for about 13.2 percent of the world tonnage. India’s share in global exports during the year 2014-15 was 1.8 percent (Anonymous, 2016)
Inheritance of soybean resistance to soybean rust in Uganda’s soybean germplasmInnspub Net
Understanding the genetic mechanisms of soybean rust resistance is important for effective selection and breeding procedures. This study was hence conducted to determine the combining ability and gene action controlling soybean rust using a 10×10 half diallel mating design. The F2 segregating populations along with their parents were evaluated for rust severity and sporulation level at two reproductive stages (R4 and R6) in screen house and field conditions during the second season of 2016 and first season of 2017 at MUARIK using an alpha lattice design replicated thrice. Significant differences were observed among the parents and F2 generations for both disease severity and sporulation level. General and specific combining abilities were highly significant. The GCA/SCA ratio (1.50-2.30) and the Baker’s ratio (0.75-0.82) showed the predominance of additive gene action in the inheritance of soybean rust resistance. The broad-sense (0.94-0.99) and narrow-sense (0.73-0.82) heritability estimates indicated the possibility of improving resistance to soybean rust through selection in the early generations. UG 5, Maksoy 3N, Maksoy 4N and Maksoy 5N had negative GCA effects. The F2 populations derived from these parents crossed with Wonder soya and Nam 2 had also negative SCA effects. The use of these parents and F2 populations can, therefore, increase the response to selection for improving resistance to soybean rust.
Prevalence, occurrence and biochemical characterization of Xanthomonas campes...INNS PUBNET
Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria the causal organism of bacterial spot in tomato results in heavy losses both in the form of quality and. In this study a survey was carried out to report the incidence of bacterial spot disease of tomato in district Swat. We reported maximum disease incidence in tehsil Kabal (71.66%), followed by Charbagh (61.66%) and Barikot (58.33%). For resistant screening a total of 13 tomato germplasms were screened against the disease. The foliar severity ranged from 3.33% to 73.33%, while severity for fruits was ranged from 18.33% to 30.66%. In case of phenotypic data the highest numbers of fruits obtained were 34, plant height 79.5cm and fruit weight was 470 grams/ten tomatoes. While the lowest average numbers of fruits were 6.67, plant height 45.7cm and fruit weight recorded was 215.67 grams/ten tomatoes. Line 1288 showed highest level of resistance followed by Red-stone. However, line 9708 showed highest susceptibility when exposed to artificial inoculation. Our study showed that bacterial spot is a major issue in some part of Pakistan and germplasm screening are linked to increased host resistance and could offer an important contribution to future integrated bacterial spot management programs.
Diversity of plant parasitic nematodes associated with common beans (Phaseolu...Innspub Net
Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are the most important legume staple food in Kenya coming second to maize. In Central Highlands of Kenya, the 0.4-0.5ton ha-1 output is below the genetic yield potential of 1.5-2ton ha-1 partly due pests and diseases. Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) have been reported to cause yield losses of up to 60% on beans. Though bean production is important in the Central highlands of Kenya, information on PPN associated with the beans in the region is lacking. This study was therefore undertaken to establish the diversity of PPN associated with common beans and to assess the root knot nematode damage on beans in the region. The study covered 50 farms (32 in Kirinyaga and 18 in Embu Counties) distributed in eight localities namely Kibirigwi (L1), Makutano (L2), Kagio (L3), Mwea (L4) and Kutus (L5) in Kirinyaga County and Nembure (L6), Manyatta (L7) and Runyenjes (L8) in Embu County and covering three Agro Ecological Zones (AEZs); UM2 (L1, L2, L3 & L4), UM3 (L5, L7 & L8) and UM4 (L6) AEZs. Manyatta (L7) and Nembure (L6), had the highest and second highest gall indices, respectively, while Kibirigwi (L1), Makutano (L2) and Mwea (L4) had some of the lowest gall indices. The most common PPN in bean roots were Meloidogyne spp. Pratylenchus spp. and Scutellonema spp. with a frequency of 94.38%, 78.25% and 59.13%, respectively. This further confirm the importance of these nematodes in bean production systems. Upper Midland 3 (UM3) AEZs and UM4 had higher nematode population densities and diversity than UM2. Disease severity and nematode composition and distribution were notably low in the irrigated areas Kibirigwi, Kagio and Mwea compared to rain-fed areas such as Makutano, Nembure and Manyatta.
Mechanism of insect resistance in plants (non preference, antibiosis, tolerance and avoidance) – nature of insect resistance – genetics of insect resistance – horizontal and vertical – genetics of resistance – sources of insect resistance – breeding methods for insect resistance – problems in breeding for insect resistance – achievements.
Incidence and Severity of Sclerotium rolfsii disease on Tomato Farms in Chile...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by the International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The journal provides a common forum where all aspects of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences are presented. The journal invites original papers, review articles, technical reports and short communications containing new insight into any aspect Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences that are not published or not being considered for publication elsewhere.
Genetics of Yellow Rust Resistance in WheatAnu Naruka
Wheat is a major staple food of world population and occupies about 21.8 % of total cultivated area accounting for 35.5 % of total food grain production at global level. Wheat is the second most important cereal of India. India is a major producer of wheat, accounting for about 13.2 percent of the world tonnage. India’s share in global exports during the year 2014-15 was 1.8 percent (Anonymous, 2016)
Inheritance of soybean resistance to soybean rust in Uganda’s soybean germplasmInnspub Net
Understanding the genetic mechanisms of soybean rust resistance is important for effective selection and breeding procedures. This study was hence conducted to determine the combining ability and gene action controlling soybean rust using a 10×10 half diallel mating design. The F2 segregating populations along with their parents were evaluated for rust severity and sporulation level at two reproductive stages (R4 and R6) in screen house and field conditions during the second season of 2016 and first season of 2017 at MUARIK using an alpha lattice design replicated thrice. Significant differences were observed among the parents and F2 generations for both disease severity and sporulation level. General and specific combining abilities were highly significant. The GCA/SCA ratio (1.50-2.30) and the Baker’s ratio (0.75-0.82) showed the predominance of additive gene action in the inheritance of soybean rust resistance. The broad-sense (0.94-0.99) and narrow-sense (0.73-0.82) heritability estimates indicated the possibility of improving resistance to soybean rust through selection in the early generations. UG 5, Maksoy 3N, Maksoy 4N and Maksoy 5N had negative GCA effects. The F2 populations derived from these parents crossed with Wonder soya and Nam 2 had also negative SCA effects. The use of these parents and F2 populations can, therefore, increase the response to selection for improving resistance to soybean rust.
Prevalence, occurrence and biochemical characterization of Xanthomonas campes...INNS PUBNET
Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria the causal organism of bacterial spot in tomato results in heavy losses both in the form of quality and. In this study a survey was carried out to report the incidence of bacterial spot disease of tomato in district Swat. We reported maximum disease incidence in tehsil Kabal (71.66%), followed by Charbagh (61.66%) and Barikot (58.33%). For resistant screening a total of 13 tomato germplasms were screened against the disease. The foliar severity ranged from 3.33% to 73.33%, while severity for fruits was ranged from 18.33% to 30.66%. In case of phenotypic data the highest numbers of fruits obtained were 34, plant height 79.5cm and fruit weight was 470 grams/ten tomatoes. While the lowest average numbers of fruits were 6.67, plant height 45.7cm and fruit weight recorded was 215.67 grams/ten tomatoes. Line 1288 showed highest level of resistance followed by Red-stone. However, line 9708 showed highest susceptibility when exposed to artificial inoculation. Our study showed that bacterial spot is a major issue in some part of Pakistan and germplasm screening are linked to increased host resistance and could offer an important contribution to future integrated bacterial spot management programs.
Diversity of plant parasitic nematodes associated with common beans (Phaseolu...Innspub Net
Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are the most important legume staple food in Kenya coming second to maize. In Central Highlands of Kenya, the 0.4-0.5ton ha-1 output is below the genetic yield potential of 1.5-2ton ha-1 partly due pests and diseases. Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) have been reported to cause yield losses of up to 60% on beans. Though bean production is important in the Central highlands of Kenya, information on PPN associated with the beans in the region is lacking. This study was therefore undertaken to establish the diversity of PPN associated with common beans and to assess the root knot nematode damage on beans in the region. The study covered 50 farms (32 in Kirinyaga and 18 in Embu Counties) distributed in eight localities namely Kibirigwi (L1), Makutano (L2), Kagio (L3), Mwea (L4) and Kutus (L5) in Kirinyaga County and Nembure (L6), Manyatta (L7) and Runyenjes (L8) in Embu County and covering three Agro Ecological Zones (AEZs); UM2 (L1, L2, L3 & L4), UM3 (L5, L7 & L8) and UM4 (L6) AEZs. Manyatta (L7) and Nembure (L6), had the highest and second highest gall indices, respectively, while Kibirigwi (L1), Makutano (L2) and Mwea (L4) had some of the lowest gall indices. The most common PPN in bean roots were Meloidogyne spp. Pratylenchus spp. and Scutellonema spp. with a frequency of 94.38%, 78.25% and 59.13%, respectively. This further confirm the importance of these nematodes in bean production systems. Upper Midland 3 (UM3) AEZs and UM4 had higher nematode population densities and diversity than UM2. Disease severity and nematode composition and distribution were notably low in the irrigated areas Kibirigwi, Kagio and Mwea compared to rain-fed areas such as Makutano, Nembure and Manyatta.
Mechanism of insect resistance in plants (non preference, antibiosis, tolerance and avoidance) – nature of insect resistance – genetics of insect resistance – horizontal and vertical – genetics of resistance – sources of insect resistance – breeding methods for insect resistance – problems in breeding for insect resistance – achievements.
Incidence and Severity of Sclerotium rolfsii disease on Tomato Farms in Chile...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by the International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The journal provides a common forum where all aspects of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences are presented. The journal invites original papers, review articles, technical reports and short communications containing new insight into any aspect Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences that are not published or not being considered for publication elsewhere.
Genetic Diversity Studies in Rice for Bacterial Leaf Blight Resistanceijtsrd
Bacterial blight (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae PV. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most destructive diseases active in the major rice growing countries of Asia. In field level screening, the genotypes PY5 and Kadaikannan showed immune against rice BLB. Under artificial condition, IR 11C 114, Adukan and Kadaikannan shows resistant to bacterial leaf blight. The trait single plant yield showed positive significant correlation with plant height (0.21), number of productive tillers (0.19) and thousand grain weight (0.37). G. Tamilarasan | M. Arumugam Pillai | R. Kannan | S. Merina Prem Kumari"Genetic Diversity Studies in Rice for Bacterial Leaf Blight Resistance" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd15915.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/pathology/15915/genetic-diversity-studies-in-rice-for-bacterial-leaf-blight-resistance/g--tamilarasan
ABSTRACT- The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of thermotherapy to inactivate Potato leaf
roll virus (PLRV) from the potato tubers. For this purpose an experiment was carried out at Newly Developmental Farms
(NDF) of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar Pakistan. Potato tubers infected with PLRV were collected from
farmer’s fields. The potato tubers were than treated with hot water at average 370C for various intervals of time.
Afterwards these heat treated tubers were shifted to fields for sowing. In field condition minimum % incidence (16.66%)
of PLRV was observed from the treatments T3 (2 hours hot water treatment), T4 (2 ½ hours hot water treatment) and T5
(3 hours hot water treatment) respectively while in control 53.33 % incidence of PLRV was recorded. Therefore it can be
concluded that thermotherapy at 370C for 2 hours, 2 ½ hours and 3 hours in case of hot water treatment were effective in
fully or partially elimination of PLRV from potato tubers. Further combine effect of thermotherapy, confidor and neem
extract was evaluated against PLRV. It was observed that in T6 (hot water treatment for 2 ½ hours, insecticide and
biocide) % incidence of PLRV was 13.2% with maximum vegetative parameters such as % germination, height (cm),
tuber size (cm) and yield (kg) recorded followed by T4 (Confidor + 2½ hours hot water treatment) and T1 (2 ½ hours hot
water treatment) where % incidence of PLRV was 16.66% and 20% respectively. Moreover the treatment T2 (Confidor)
when applied individually was found to more effective against PLRV as compared to T3 (Neem extract) with % incidence
value 26.66% and 33.33% respectively.
Key words- PLRV, Thermotherapy, Hot water treatment, Confidor, Neem extract
Seasonal Incidence and Varietal Response of Gram against Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) at Talwandi Sabo, Punjab
http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/SSR-IIJLS.2020.6.4.3
We evaluated the oviposition preference and damage capacity of Spodoptera frugiperda on the different phenological stages of corn. Tests were performed at the Assis Chateaubriand Agricultural School (07º10'15" S, 35º51'13" W, altitude 634 meters), municipality of Lagoa Seca, Paraíba State, Brazil, in two areas of 500 m2, with CMS maize hybrid strain and maize intercropped with bean with the spacing of 0.80 x 0.40 m. Eggs and caterpillars were collected weekly on 50 plants randomly sampled in five spots. Height and number of leaves per plant, and damage from caterpillars of S. frugiperda were recorded using the scale, the rangers were., 0) no damage, 1) leaf scraped, 2) leaf pierced, 3) leaf torn, 4) damage in cartridge, 5) cartridge destroyed. The average number of clutches did not differ significantly among the three phenological stages of the culture, but average clutch size (number of eggs) was significantly smaller for the stage of 4-6 leaves. However, there was a significant interaction with respect to the number of clutches between position in the plant (lower, middle, and upper) and phenological stage, and between leaf surface and phenological stages. There were significant differences among tillage systems for corn in monoculture and corn intercropped with bean.
Colletotrichum sublineola, the causal agent of sorghum anthracnose, infects all above ground parts of the crop. The most pronounced phase of the disease is its foliar phase. In this study, 10 sorghum lines with checks were evaluated in the greenhouse for resistance against C. sublineola. Acervuli germination rate within infected leaves was also recorded. All the 10 sorghum lines along with checks BTX623, TAM428, and PI609251 were susceptible and as expected, SC748 was resistant. Variation among the lines for acervuli germination rate was observed; TAM428 and 1110248 recorded the highest percentage (98.3%) while PI609251 exhibited the lowest rate of acervuli germination (33.3%). Conidia produced from germinating acervuli are critical to the distribution and spread of the disease. However, conidia produced within the acervuli do not usually germinate due to the presence of self-inhibitor compounds. Thus, these self-inhibitors that may occur in the acervuli could explain the difference in levels of susceptibility among sorghum germplasm.
Severity of Tomato brown rugose fruit virus in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L...AI Publications
The purpose of this research was to describe the Tomato brown rugose fruit virus, from three isolates collected in the field and also to use a diagrammatic scale of severity for its evaluation. The isolation was carried out with the collection of 200 ha-1 leaflets, according to a statistical method, from commercial greenhouses. Agdia® immunological strips were used to confirm the symptoms and the virus was identified by RT-PCR. A completely randomized experimental design was established in tomato plants var. Río Grande®, with three treatments or isolates and five repetitions: Blindom F1® tissue, Quiroga® Enza zaiden tissue and Quiroga® Enza zaiden fruit; Controls with phosphate buffer and buffer+celite were used as negative control. The trial began with the inoculation of 45-day-old tomato plants, where only the primary leaves were inoculated. Fertilization was carried out twice a week using macro and microelements from commercial companies. To quantify the percentage of damage to foliage and fruit, a diagrammatic scale of severity was used. The three isolates evaluated differed in the symptoms produced by ToBRFV, where; The Fruto Quiroga® Enza zaiden isolate stood out, with a higher incidence, severity and shorter incubation period compared to the two isolates evaluated.
Effectiveness of practiced management options to control sheath blight diseas...Open Access Research Paper
Severity of the infection of sheath blight disease can be very devastating problem to the farmer for rice cultivation. Some of these consequences are major yield losses. The objective to identify sustainable management options for sheath blight disease. Field experiments were conducted with cultivated variety Swarna during three consecutive kharif seasons belong to the area of Rajshahi zone at three locations (Paba, Baraigram, Patnitala). Two management systems viz. Floating debris with Folicur and Folicur with ½ MOP were used in three locations to compare their effectiveness against rice sheath blight disease. The highest fertile tiller hill-1 was recorded at Paba location using Floating debris with Folicur. Maximum disease incidence was recorded at Patnitala location and minimum disease incidence was found at Baraigram. Between two management Floating debris with Folicur was better than Folicur with ½ MOP to reduces the disease incidence at all locations. The highest yield was found at Paba location using Floating debris with Folicur. Between two management systems, Floating debris with Folicur was better than Folicur with ½ MOP (Muriate of potash) to increase yield. Considering the efficiency and eco-friendly it would be considered that Floating debris with Folicur was effective management for sheath blight disease of rice.
Screeningof potato germplasm against Black Scruf and its Management
Shahid siddique B.sc (hons) Major plant pathalogy Report
03008998805
ssiddique560@gmail.com
Similar to No 19. evaluation of the three generation of seed potatoes to assess effects of degeneration caused by pvy and plrv (20)
A brief fact about brick kiln of Bangladesh and how it's effect on our environment. This is a part of Masters assignment and I am the part of that job.Some parts are edited by myself.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
No 19. evaluation of the three generation of seed potatoes to assess effects of degeneration caused by pvy and plrv
1. Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research
Evaluation of the Three Generation of Seed Potatoes to
Assess Effects of Degeneration Caused By PVY and PLRV
Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com
BSMRAU: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural
University
Introduction
Seed potato degeneration is the buildup of diseases in potatoes
over seasons, as a result of replanting tubers infected with viruses
or other seed borne diseases. The degeneration of potato is
appeared either due to physiological causes or due to infection of
tuber-borne viruses specially PVY and PLRV [1]. PVY and PLRV are
the two tuber-borne viruses causing tremendous damage to the
potato crop also caused degeneration on seed potato production
[2].Ithasbeenrecognizedthatthepooryieldofpotatoisattributed
due to use of virus infected seed potato specially infected by PVY
and PLRV [3, 4]. Seed potato infected with PVY and PLRV seem
to be degenerated following the successive generation [5], is an
acute problem of seed potato production in Bangladesh [6]. So it
is highly important to evaluate the denegation behavior of potato
due to infection of PVY and PLRV. Therefore, the present study
was undertaken to detect the effect of PVY and PLRV on growth
and yield of four different potato varieties resulting the rate of
degeneration of potato varieties at three successive seasons.
Materials and Methods
The experiment was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory
of BADC, Kashimpur and Plant Pathology Laboratory of BSMRAU,
Gazipur-1706, Dhaka, Bangladesh during winter 2010-11, 2011-
12 and 2012-13 cropping seasons. Seed potatoes of the variety
Asterix, Cardinal, Diamant and Granula representing three
different generations namely 1st
, 2nd
and 3rd
generation were
used for the experiments conducting in 2010-11, 2011-12 and
2012-13, respectively. The seed potato obtained from 2010-11
experiments was used for the subsequent years. Four Moericke
yellow water traps (Figure 1) were set up in four locations of the
experimental field of BSMRAU Research Farm. The counting of
aphids was initiated from third week of November 2011. Half of
the yellow trap was filled with tap water where few drops of liquid
soap were added so that the aphids could not fly after falling on to
the traps. The trapped aphids were collected from the trays twice
in a week at 11 a.m. and it was continued up to the date of haulm
pulling. The water of the traps was changed after aphid collection.
The collected aphids were preserved in plastic bottles containing
70% alcohol to identify the vector aphid. Relationship of aphid
populations as well as correlation and regression between
population of aphid vector and incidence of PVY and PLRV were
employed to interpret the data. During the crop seasons of 2010-
11, 2011-12 and 2012-13, tuber samples preserved in the cold
stored were planted in the field respectively on November 22,
2010, November 22, 2011 and November 22, 2012. The crop was
harvested on, March 4 for every seasons of 2010-11, 2011-12 and
2012-13.
Results and Discussion
Spread of PVY and PLRV in the field in relation to aphid
population
ItwasfoundthatincidenceofbothPVYandPLRVinfectionincreased
with the increased of aphid population and there was a positive
significant correlation between aphid population and spread of
the viruses (Figure 2). The relationship between two variables was
Volume 8 Issue 3 - 2018
1
Seed Potato Storage Specialist BETS Consulting Services Ltd.,
Bangladesh
2
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh
3
Joint Director (Quality Control), Potato Seed Division,
Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation,
Bangladesh
4
Horticulture Development Division, Bangladesh
5
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Bangladesh
6
The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime
University, Japan
*Corresponding author: H Mehraj, The United Graduate
School of Agricultural Science, Ehime University, Ehime 790-
8556, Japan Email:
Received: July 17, 2016 | Published: February 15, 2018
Research Article
Adv Plants Agric Res 2018, 8(3): 00296
Abstract
The experiment was conducted to detect the effect of PVY and PLRV on growth
and yield of four different potato varieties namely Asterix, Cardinal, Diamant and
Granula resulting the rate of degeneration of potato varieties at three successive
cropping seasons viz. 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13. Three different generations
namely 1st
, 2nd
and 3rd
generation were used. Positive significant correlation was
found between aphid population and spread of PVY and PLRV. The percent infection
of PVY was ranged from 10.8-16.7 %, 19.2- 37.5% and 39.2-61.7% in 1st
, 2nd
and
3rd
generations, respectively depending on the varieties. Whereas, PLRV infection
varied from 5.0-10.0%, 27.5-30.8% and 37.5-52.5% in 1st
, 2nd
and 3rd
generations,
respectively depending on the varieties. Asterix and Diamant are more tolerant than
that of Cardinal and Granule. 1st
generation was produced maximum number of tubers
per hill, yield per hill and seed yield per plot compared to 2nd
and 3rd
generations all
the four potato varieties. Diamant showed less degeneration effect on number than
the other varieties. Asterix and Diamant performed better than that of Cardinal and
Granule in all the cases. PVY causes more severe reduction of yield per hill than that
of PLRV.
Keywords: Potato; Varieties; Degeneration; Virus
Abbreviations: PVY: Potato Virus Y; PLRV: Potato Leaf Roll
Virus; BADC: Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation;