General Overview

1. Emerging zoonotic disease that causes severe illness in both
animal and human
Cloud learnings
Imagination Empowers
Nipah Virus (NiV)
Introduction
1
Six key protein plays an important role in making of virulent characteristics of
virus1
 Nucelocapsid protein
 Phosphoproteins
 polymerase protein
 Fusion protein: Bounds extremely to
EFNB2 & EFB3 surface protein
 Other protein C,V & W are also
present but unknown function
ModeofTransmission2
The incubation period ranged from 7 to 40 days
Fever
Headache
Myalgia
Nausea and
Vomiting
10
Symp.,
Host and amplifier
Host
Meningitis
Photophobia
Respiratory
problems
Coma
20
Symp.,
Symptoms:
Diagnosis:
Imaging techniques:
 Neuroimaging (MRI)
 Electroencephalogram
Serological test:
 ELISA
 PCR
Treatment:
 No antiviral therapy or vaccine are available
 Supportive care is the mainstay of treatment
(intensive care monitoring)
 Mechanical ventilation for airway protection
should be initiated with the onset of
neurologic deterioration
 Ribavirin was experimented during
Malaysian outbreak

2. Since from 2001-2012 Bangladesh (15) and India (2) are
recorded for outbreaks for NiV
Cloud learnings
Imagination Empowers
Nipah Virus (NiV)
Epidemiology
2
Total 280 incidence cases were reported from 2001- 2012 by WHO with fatality rate of 75.0%
Incidence cases:
2012: 12 cases
2011: 44 cases
2010: 16 cases
2008-2009: 15 cases
Incidence cases:
2007: 5 cases
2001: 66 cases
Incidence cases:
1999-1998: 265 cases
First Outbreak

3. Cloud learnings
Imagination Empowers
Nipah Virus (NiV)
Pipeline
No clinical trials have yet begun for NiV vaccine candidates. Most of
the candidate are in early stages of development
Vaccine1 Developers/ Collaborators Phase
Subunit
vaccine
HeV sG
[Equivac]*
Zoetis, Inc./USU Preclinical
Vectoredvaccines
VSV-NiVB F ± G UTMB; Yale University Preclinical
VSV-NiVM G CDC; RML Preclinical
VSV-HeV G; RABV-HeV G TJU/RML Preclinical
ALVAC-F/G CFIA-NCFAD Preclinical
AAV-NiVM G INSERM Preclinical
rMV-Ed-G UoT Preclinical
V-NiVG USU Preclinical
rLa-NiVG ± rLa-NiVF CAAS-SKLVB Preclinical
PassiveAb
transfer
Polyclonal serum NiV F/ G INSERM Preclinical
Mouse mAbs NiV F/ G INSERM Preclinical
Human mAb m102.4 Henipah G USU Preclinical
* Equivac is approved as veterinary vaccine in Australia 2016 for Hendra and NiV infection