ABSTRACT: Nowadays, governments are challenged by dramatic increases in the frequency of chronic diseases, obesity and sedentary lifestyles caused majorly by physical inactivity.In order to lessen such complications, urban designers and architects strive to create open spaces and streets that encourage walking, bicycling, and other forms of active recreation.This paper aims at evaluating “Ahl Misr” Promenade created at the Nile River banks, Cairo city, Egypt, in terms of the vision guiding the design, design features, environmental aspects, promenade management, and funding channels. The study concentrates on exploring the extent to which the trail succeeded in offering venues for cycling, walking, running and stretching, as to participate in enhancing the public health in a city suffering from scarcity of open spaces. Observation of the existing activities and a physical survey are adopted. The results show that the tail is a positive stage towards the goal; nevertheless, the local authority predominating decisions and management policies are crippling the trail from fulfilling its potentials.
Opportunities for soft mobility issues, walking and cycling in urban and subu...Abebe Dress Beza
This document provides a literature review on opportunities for soft mobility (walking and cycling) in urban and suburban areas, using Ethiopia as a case study. It discusses the benefits of walking and cycling, including economic benefits, health benefits, and environmental benefits. It assesses factors influencing walking and cycling in Ethiopia, such as infrastructure, land use planning, effects of rising motorization, and promotion of active transportation. The document recommends pedestrian- and cyclist-friendly urban design and integrated transportation infrastructure to create a safe, low-risk environment for active travelers in Ethiopia.
Analyzing the indicators walkability of cities, in order to improving urban ...IJMER
1) The document examines the walkability of an urban highway in Mashhad, Iran in order to improve urban vitality.
2) A survey was conducted and SWOT analysis was used to analyze the results. The SWOT revealed strengths like a dedicated path for pedestrians but also weaknesses like a narrow sidewalk, inadequate lighting, and an unsafe underground space.
3) Recommendations are proposed to address problems like air and noise pollution and improve the urban space quality, identity and vitality along the highway.
Analyzing the indicators walkability of cities, in order to improving urban v...IJMER
Urban design is a technique and knowledge seeking to organize and improve urban qualities
and increase the quality of citizenship life. Based on the perspectives and objectives of urban design, the
dominant intention in all urbanism activities is to reach high humanistic and social dimensions. In fact,
what give meaning to a city are the social aspects raised in recent urban activities, in addition to the
physical and visual body of it. Over the past decade the quality of the walking environment has become
a significant factor in transportation planning and design in developed countries. It is argued that the
pedestrians’ environment has been ignored in favors of automobile. The purpose of this study was to
examine the effects of walkability on property values and investment returns. Research method is
descriptive. The method of collected data is field. Also, were used questionnaire tools in order to
collecting data. On the other hand, was referred to municipality 9 region due to, studied area was
located in this urban region.
In continue, was used SWOT technique in order to analyzing questionnaire. At finally, proposed
strategies in order to improving urban space qualify.
Walkability Index by Global Walkability Index MethodIRJET Journal
This document discusses assessing the walkability of Lovely Professional University in India using the Global Walkability Index method. It provides background on walkability and defines it as how safe, convenient, comfortable and accessible the built environment is for pedestrians. It then summarizes the key aspects of the Global Walkability Index methodology, which qualitatively evaluates pedestrian safety, convenience, amenities, and policy support. The study aims to apply this index to evaluate walkability at LPU and identify areas for improvement, as about 25,000 students need to walk or use other non-vehicle transportation daily on campus.
Trails provide healthy benefits by promoting physical activity. The built environment, which includes community design, land use, transportation systems, and patterns of human activity, influences levels of physical activity. Features like streets, parks, sidewalks, bike paths, and public transportation can encourage walking and biking. Using trails and engaging in other physical activities has been linked to reducing the risks of health issues like type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. In Niagara, the Greater Niagara Circle Route trail promotes physical activity in the community.
Mobility In The 21st Century ITE Conference 2010finalCynthia Hoyle
This document summarizes a presentation about creating multimodal transportation systems. It discusses the need to plan for sustainability and public health due to issues like foreign oil dependence, global warming, and obesity. It then outlines strategies like improving infrastructure for walking, biking, and transit; coordinating land use and transportation; and encouraging behavioral changes. Case studies from Champaign-Urbana, Illinois show how comprehensive planning led to investments in public transit, bike lanes, sidewalks, and other alternatives to driving. The goal is to make mobility options easy and affordable for all residents.
Mobilizing ecologies: Participation and Intermodality to Build Coalitions Pro...BRTCoE
This document summarizes a presentation on building coalitions for sustainable transport and bus rapid transit (BRT). It discusses:
1) Rethinking social sustainability and transport by focusing on health, inclusion, and resilience rather than just mobility.
2) An "ecology of modes" that integrates diverse transportation options like walking, cycling, and public transit through intermodality.
3) An "ecology of actors" that recognizes the importance of a diverse and robust network of citizen organizations in shifting to sustainability.
It argues for more participatory planning and building powerful alliances to support sustainable transportation goals.
The document discusses transportation safety and mobility on the Indiana University Bloomington campus, specifically regarding the Tenth Street corridor. It aims to determine if a mid-way pedestrian crossing island installed in 2010 has increased safety or worsened congestion. It reviews literature supporting crossing islands' safety benefits. Methods for assessing the island's effectiveness include analyzing traffic data, surveys, and observational data. Preliminary results found crashes reduced 40%, speeds and volumes down 30%, and over 90% of pedestrians used the crosswalk. However, congestion remains an issue during peaks. Future policies should focus on increasing alternatives to driving like biking and promote sustainability goals.
Opportunities for soft mobility issues, walking and cycling in urban and subu...Abebe Dress Beza
This document provides a literature review on opportunities for soft mobility (walking and cycling) in urban and suburban areas, using Ethiopia as a case study. It discusses the benefits of walking and cycling, including economic benefits, health benefits, and environmental benefits. It assesses factors influencing walking and cycling in Ethiopia, such as infrastructure, land use planning, effects of rising motorization, and promotion of active transportation. The document recommends pedestrian- and cyclist-friendly urban design and integrated transportation infrastructure to create a safe, low-risk environment for active travelers in Ethiopia.
Analyzing the indicators walkability of cities, in order to improving urban ...IJMER
1) The document examines the walkability of an urban highway in Mashhad, Iran in order to improve urban vitality.
2) A survey was conducted and SWOT analysis was used to analyze the results. The SWOT revealed strengths like a dedicated path for pedestrians but also weaknesses like a narrow sidewalk, inadequate lighting, and an unsafe underground space.
3) Recommendations are proposed to address problems like air and noise pollution and improve the urban space quality, identity and vitality along the highway.
Analyzing the indicators walkability of cities, in order to improving urban v...IJMER
Urban design is a technique and knowledge seeking to organize and improve urban qualities
and increase the quality of citizenship life. Based on the perspectives and objectives of urban design, the
dominant intention in all urbanism activities is to reach high humanistic and social dimensions. In fact,
what give meaning to a city are the social aspects raised in recent urban activities, in addition to the
physical and visual body of it. Over the past decade the quality of the walking environment has become
a significant factor in transportation planning and design in developed countries. It is argued that the
pedestrians’ environment has been ignored in favors of automobile. The purpose of this study was to
examine the effects of walkability on property values and investment returns. Research method is
descriptive. The method of collected data is field. Also, were used questionnaire tools in order to
collecting data. On the other hand, was referred to municipality 9 region due to, studied area was
located in this urban region.
In continue, was used SWOT technique in order to analyzing questionnaire. At finally, proposed
strategies in order to improving urban space qualify.
Walkability Index by Global Walkability Index MethodIRJET Journal
This document discusses assessing the walkability of Lovely Professional University in India using the Global Walkability Index method. It provides background on walkability and defines it as how safe, convenient, comfortable and accessible the built environment is for pedestrians. It then summarizes the key aspects of the Global Walkability Index methodology, which qualitatively evaluates pedestrian safety, convenience, amenities, and policy support. The study aims to apply this index to evaluate walkability at LPU and identify areas for improvement, as about 25,000 students need to walk or use other non-vehicle transportation daily on campus.
Trails provide healthy benefits by promoting physical activity. The built environment, which includes community design, land use, transportation systems, and patterns of human activity, influences levels of physical activity. Features like streets, parks, sidewalks, bike paths, and public transportation can encourage walking and biking. Using trails and engaging in other physical activities has been linked to reducing the risks of health issues like type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. In Niagara, the Greater Niagara Circle Route trail promotes physical activity in the community.
Mobility In The 21st Century ITE Conference 2010finalCynthia Hoyle
This document summarizes a presentation about creating multimodal transportation systems. It discusses the need to plan for sustainability and public health due to issues like foreign oil dependence, global warming, and obesity. It then outlines strategies like improving infrastructure for walking, biking, and transit; coordinating land use and transportation; and encouraging behavioral changes. Case studies from Champaign-Urbana, Illinois show how comprehensive planning led to investments in public transit, bike lanes, sidewalks, and other alternatives to driving. The goal is to make mobility options easy and affordable for all residents.
Mobilizing ecologies: Participation and Intermodality to Build Coalitions Pro...BRTCoE
This document summarizes a presentation on building coalitions for sustainable transport and bus rapid transit (BRT). It discusses:
1) Rethinking social sustainability and transport by focusing on health, inclusion, and resilience rather than just mobility.
2) An "ecology of modes" that integrates diverse transportation options like walking, cycling, and public transit through intermodality.
3) An "ecology of actors" that recognizes the importance of a diverse and robust network of citizen organizations in shifting to sustainability.
It argues for more participatory planning and building powerful alliances to support sustainable transportation goals.
The document discusses transportation safety and mobility on the Indiana University Bloomington campus, specifically regarding the Tenth Street corridor. It aims to determine if a mid-way pedestrian crossing island installed in 2010 has increased safety or worsened congestion. It reviews literature supporting crossing islands' safety benefits. Methods for assessing the island's effectiveness include analyzing traffic data, surveys, and observational data. Preliminary results found crashes reduced 40%, speeds and volumes down 30%, and over 90% of pedestrians used the crosswalk. However, congestion remains an issue during peaks. Future policies should focus on increasing alternatives to driving like biking and promote sustainability goals.
The potential of electrically assisted cycling in the everyday commute - a mi...Paul Plazier
Conference paper presented to Current and Emerging Research in Transport Session, organized by the Transport Geography Research Group (RGS), RGS-IBG Annual International Conference 2016, London
Guest presentation by Dr Rachel Aldred, Department of Planning and Transport, University of Westminster.
Delivered as part of a seminar on 09/12/2015: ‘Just Cycling: the Propensity to Cycle Tool and the Search for a Socially and Environmentally Equitable Transport System’.
http://geo8.webarch.net/leeds
[Presentation copyright: R Aldred/University of Westminster]
Conceptualizing Sustainable Transportation for City of Pune, India.IJERA Editor
This document discusses conceptualizing sustainable transportation for the city of Pune, India. It summarizes that Pune is experiencing rapid urban sprawl and the associated negative impacts on sustainability from increased resource consumption and pollution. The paper explores how different land use and transportation infrastructure expansion could impact urban sustainability. It reviews literature on the relationship between land use and travel behavior. A survey was conducted in Pune that found long commute times, traffic congestion, inadequate bus services and overcrowding. The document concludes that sustainable transportation like walking, cycling and public transit can reduce emissions while ensuring mobility, and that urban planning is essential to create compact, coordinated development.
Modelling adaptive capacity to fuel shocks – an indicator for sustainable tra...Robin Lovelace
There is a possibility that a fuel shock could occur; a severe restriction in the amount of fuel available for transport. This would restrict the movement of people. The spatial pattern of the capacity of individuals to adapt to a fuel shock is of concern to policy makers. Additionally the scope for policy makers to estimate the effects of schemes to increase adaptive capacity on groups of people at small geographies would allow them to target resources to more vulnerable areas.
An indicator is built which reports the proportion of people in an area who would have the capacity to make a journey such as their current commute immediately after the fuel shock begins.
HaHagana Train Station-Tel Aviv New CBS Intermodal Interchange: A Sustainable...Dan Berkowitz
This document analyzes transportation infrastructure between the HaHagana Train Station and the New Central Bus Station in Tel Aviv, Israel. It finds that the 420m distance between the two is not designed for easy transfers between public transit modes. Specifically, the sidewalks are crowded and obstructed, lacking safe bicycle parking. This creates inequities for the low-income neighborhood residents and fails to encourage more sustainable transportation like biking or walking that reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Improvements are needed to prioritize pedestrians and cyclists to make the area more socially and environmentally sustainable.
The Urban Information Lab at the University of Texas at Austin will conduct a 3-phase study to evaluate the university's bicycle infrastructure and policies. Phase 1 will inventory existing bike lanes, racks, and other infrastructure. Phase 2 will collect data from smartphone apps on biking routes, issues, and preferences. Phase 3 will analyze the findings to identify specific improvements like expanding bike lanes and facilities to increase biking and support sustainability goals. The goal is to provide a detailed plan to convert car drivers to bike commuters and better support biking on campus.
In 3 sentences:
The document discusses the key elements to consider when designing streets for livable cities, including pedestrians, vehicles, parking, and transportation options. It emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach that considers all users and aspects, such as transportation, safety, the environment, and the economy. The goal is to create streets that are social spaces where people can easily and safely walk, bike, access transit, and spend time, rather than only focus on traffic flow.
The document discusses sustainable transportation and provides examples of its implementation. It begins by describing the evolution of urban form from Walking Cities to Transit Cities and finally Automobile Cities. It then summarizes 10 myths about the inevitability of automobile dependence. Next, it outlines key principles of sustainable transportation as defined by various commissions and studies. Finally, it provides case studies of the Cross City Tunnel project in Sydney and the restoration of Cheonggyecheon Stream in Seoul.
The document provides background information on a public space and public life survey conducted in Istanbul's historic peninsula by Gehl Architects. Gehl Architects used their methodology of placing human experience at the center of urban planning to analyze how public spaces in the peninsula support public life. The survey mapped potentials and challenges, and observed public activities in selected areas on weekdays and weekends in summer and off-season. The results will inform strategies to improve the urban environment and make it more people-friendly.
This document summarizes a presentation made to the College Station City Council regarding walking development standards and safety. It outlines the benefits of providing safe walking facilities according to surveys of residents and national standards. Current city policies aim to improve mobility through a multi-modal transportation system. While the city has made progress by building 130 miles of sidewalks, over half of street miles still lack sidewalks. The home builders association proposed reducing some sidewalk requirements but city staff recommend keeping most existing standards to promote walkability and safety.
This document summarizes research being conducted on the Metro project in Quito, Ecuador from a rights-based governance perspective. It provides background on mobility issues and transport disadvantage. Initial findings indicate that transport-related social exclusion exists in Quito. The decision-making process around the Metro project occurred rapidly after feasibility studies with limited citizen participation. Local residents and businesses reported not being adequately consulted during planning. While Ecuador has constitutional rights around participation, civil society organizations argue the city government has not developed capacity for meaningful citizen engagement on transport issues.
This document provides an analysis of the Clear Creek Trail in Bloomington, Indiana. It includes an introduction describing the Bloomington trail system and Clear Creek Trail. A literature review covers existing research on topics like trail use, amenities, and safety. The methods section describes the study conducted, which involved distributing surveys along Clear Creek Trail to understand user opinions and how to improve the trail. Results and recommendations are discussed based on the survey findings. The goal of the study was to identify key concerns of Clear Creek Trail users and ways Bloomington Parks and Recreation can improve the trail.
Istanbul iett workshop 1 foundations_14_june2015VTPI
This document summarizes a presentation on foundations of public transport planning. It discusses key concepts like mobility versus accessibility, the benefits of public transit compared to roads and parking, and strategies to encourage more sustainable transportation like improving walking, cycling and transit options. The presentation argues for more comprehensive planning that considers all impacts and favors affordable and efficient modes like walking, cycling and public transit to optimize transportation system efficiency and equity.
LTC, Jack R. Widmeyer Transportation Research Conference, 11/04/2011, Corneli...LTC @ CSUSB
This document discusses two projects related to transportation alternatives: 1) A project to develop an efficient concept of operations for smart dial-a-ride transit to provide on-demand mobility for seniors, with the goals of cost savings, reduced energy use, and pollution reduction. 2) A project to study user preferences for bicycling and walking facilities and develop a guide for local governments to plan infrastructure that promotes alternatives to driving.
This document discusses the sustainability aspects of urban public transportation. It covers topics like changing urban patterns due to motorization and urbanization trends worldwide. Automobile dependency has increased in cities as public transit became unresponsive. The document examines different indicators of sustainable transportation and their implications. It argues that increased public transit and density can help ensure sustainability by reducing automobile use. Technology and innovative transit solutions also have a role to play, but policies guiding land use and pricing are equally important to arrest urban sprawl and make alternatives to private vehicles more attractive.
This document discusses the future representation of cities and proposes building cities in alternative locations due to risks to existing cities. It describes an assignment where students imagine being the mayor of a city in 2033 that is no longer safe to live in due to some problem. The students must propose building a new city either underground, underwater, floating, or through city enhancement. It then provides background information on the definition and history of cities, as well as elements of urban design and infrastructure needed for smart cities.
This document provides background information on pedestrian planning in Milwaukee. It discusses how other major U.S. cities like Seattle and Portland have adopted pedestrian master plans to make their cities more walkable. In contrast, Milwaukee currently lacks a comprehensive pedestrian plan, though it does have a bicycle plan. The document also discusses Walk Score and SEWRPC as tools for evaluating walkability and existing pedestrian infrastructure and policies. It provides context for understanding the need and goals of developing pedestrian best practices and recommendations for Milwaukee.
“The ethics of transport planning” - Prof Stephen Potter talks at the HCDI se...Marco Ajovalasit
This presentation will explore the ethical issues behind what appears to be a technical design process - that of transport planning decisions. It will draw upon the transport/land use designs explored in Britain’s new towns (and Milton Keynes in particular) which help to highlight the ethical decisions involved.
This will illustrate the way that the design of towns and cities affects our travel behaviour and constrains our ability to choose to travel in a socially and environmentally responsible way. Indeed, we can get locked into unsustainable travel behaviours and feel powerless to behave otherwise. This leads to the now prevalent negative attitude towards transport policy initiatives and often outright opposition to sustainable transport developments.
Urban design professionals argue that high density settlements are the main way that sustainable transport choices can be provided, as such designs produce conditions which make for good public, and also suppress car use. However, although such an approach is possible in major conurbations and city centres, this is a difficult and contentious approach for suburban Britain. For most places ‘big city’ design solutions are not politically viable.
Perhaps we should be looking to more innovative approaches. These could blend a variety of new measures, such as the ‘smarter travel’ initiatives as well as new emerging technologies. However these require a different way of doing transport planning to the traditional ‘big infrastructure’ transport policy approaches. New physical design approaches often require the redesign of the processes and structures to implement and manage them, and this may be the key barrier to success.
Building development trajectories refers to the path being followed by the development of built environments. This path can be influenced, and change, depending on external factors such as economic climate, client preferences, legislation and fashion. It can also be intentional and have a specific direction and destination that is established and followed by government and users, owners, planners and designers of built environment.
The scale and nature of social, economic and environmental pressures, climate change and the limited resources to address these challenges mean that new built environment development models need to be developed. This paper describes, and reviews, a sustainable development model for the built environment that addresses these issues. The model aims to ensure that sustainability is not just a consideration in the development of built environments, but is integrated in way that defines and directs building development trajectories.
The theoretical basis of the model is described and a tool and methodology for application presented. The review and discussion of the model and tool is undertaken and recommendations for further research and development are made.
Synthesis Paper - Sarah Hooker & Ping Na Huang - Vancouver TransportationSarah Mae Hooker
This document summarizes a study that examines how modes of transportation decision-making vary across distance, commute time, and accessibility to downtown Vancouver. The study analyzes census and transportation data from Vancouver's 22 local planning areas. It investigates the relationship between residents' choice of transportation to work and their commute times using alternative modes like public transit and biking. The study also examines how accessibility to public transit and bikeways affects transportation decisions.
This document discusses transforming commercial corridors into healthy corridors. It notes that many corridors are currently automobile-centric and negatively impact health, safety, and community. A healthy corridors approach considers how the built environment along a corridor can support physical activity, safety, access to healthy food/services, transportation options, housing affordability, and social cohesion to benefit surrounding neighborhoods. This involves understanding baseline conditions and needs, engaging the community including underserved groups, and considering health outcomes when planning improvements. The goal is to create vibrant, equitable and sustainable places through corridor redevelopment.
Urban design and the built environment have a significant impact on public health. Features like parks and streets can be modified to encourage physical activity and social interaction. The document proposes redesigning Hurt Park in Atlanta and the surrounding streets to make them more pedestrian-friendly and appealing. Concept designs were created using Google SketchUp to illustrate how the park and streets could be improved to promote a healthier environment.
The potential of electrically assisted cycling in the everyday commute - a mi...Paul Plazier
Conference paper presented to Current and Emerging Research in Transport Session, organized by the Transport Geography Research Group (RGS), RGS-IBG Annual International Conference 2016, London
Guest presentation by Dr Rachel Aldred, Department of Planning and Transport, University of Westminster.
Delivered as part of a seminar on 09/12/2015: ‘Just Cycling: the Propensity to Cycle Tool and the Search for a Socially and Environmentally Equitable Transport System’.
http://geo8.webarch.net/leeds
[Presentation copyright: R Aldred/University of Westminster]
Conceptualizing Sustainable Transportation for City of Pune, India.IJERA Editor
This document discusses conceptualizing sustainable transportation for the city of Pune, India. It summarizes that Pune is experiencing rapid urban sprawl and the associated negative impacts on sustainability from increased resource consumption and pollution. The paper explores how different land use and transportation infrastructure expansion could impact urban sustainability. It reviews literature on the relationship between land use and travel behavior. A survey was conducted in Pune that found long commute times, traffic congestion, inadequate bus services and overcrowding. The document concludes that sustainable transportation like walking, cycling and public transit can reduce emissions while ensuring mobility, and that urban planning is essential to create compact, coordinated development.
Modelling adaptive capacity to fuel shocks – an indicator for sustainable tra...Robin Lovelace
There is a possibility that a fuel shock could occur; a severe restriction in the amount of fuel available for transport. This would restrict the movement of people. The spatial pattern of the capacity of individuals to adapt to a fuel shock is of concern to policy makers. Additionally the scope for policy makers to estimate the effects of schemes to increase adaptive capacity on groups of people at small geographies would allow them to target resources to more vulnerable areas.
An indicator is built which reports the proportion of people in an area who would have the capacity to make a journey such as their current commute immediately after the fuel shock begins.
HaHagana Train Station-Tel Aviv New CBS Intermodal Interchange: A Sustainable...Dan Berkowitz
This document analyzes transportation infrastructure between the HaHagana Train Station and the New Central Bus Station in Tel Aviv, Israel. It finds that the 420m distance between the two is not designed for easy transfers between public transit modes. Specifically, the sidewalks are crowded and obstructed, lacking safe bicycle parking. This creates inequities for the low-income neighborhood residents and fails to encourage more sustainable transportation like biking or walking that reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Improvements are needed to prioritize pedestrians and cyclists to make the area more socially and environmentally sustainable.
The Urban Information Lab at the University of Texas at Austin will conduct a 3-phase study to evaluate the university's bicycle infrastructure and policies. Phase 1 will inventory existing bike lanes, racks, and other infrastructure. Phase 2 will collect data from smartphone apps on biking routes, issues, and preferences. Phase 3 will analyze the findings to identify specific improvements like expanding bike lanes and facilities to increase biking and support sustainability goals. The goal is to provide a detailed plan to convert car drivers to bike commuters and better support biking on campus.
In 3 sentences:
The document discusses the key elements to consider when designing streets for livable cities, including pedestrians, vehicles, parking, and transportation options. It emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach that considers all users and aspects, such as transportation, safety, the environment, and the economy. The goal is to create streets that are social spaces where people can easily and safely walk, bike, access transit, and spend time, rather than only focus on traffic flow.
The document discusses sustainable transportation and provides examples of its implementation. It begins by describing the evolution of urban form from Walking Cities to Transit Cities and finally Automobile Cities. It then summarizes 10 myths about the inevitability of automobile dependence. Next, it outlines key principles of sustainable transportation as defined by various commissions and studies. Finally, it provides case studies of the Cross City Tunnel project in Sydney and the restoration of Cheonggyecheon Stream in Seoul.
The document provides background information on a public space and public life survey conducted in Istanbul's historic peninsula by Gehl Architects. Gehl Architects used their methodology of placing human experience at the center of urban planning to analyze how public spaces in the peninsula support public life. The survey mapped potentials and challenges, and observed public activities in selected areas on weekdays and weekends in summer and off-season. The results will inform strategies to improve the urban environment and make it more people-friendly.
This document summarizes a presentation made to the College Station City Council regarding walking development standards and safety. It outlines the benefits of providing safe walking facilities according to surveys of residents and national standards. Current city policies aim to improve mobility through a multi-modal transportation system. While the city has made progress by building 130 miles of sidewalks, over half of street miles still lack sidewalks. The home builders association proposed reducing some sidewalk requirements but city staff recommend keeping most existing standards to promote walkability and safety.
This document summarizes research being conducted on the Metro project in Quito, Ecuador from a rights-based governance perspective. It provides background on mobility issues and transport disadvantage. Initial findings indicate that transport-related social exclusion exists in Quito. The decision-making process around the Metro project occurred rapidly after feasibility studies with limited citizen participation. Local residents and businesses reported not being adequately consulted during planning. While Ecuador has constitutional rights around participation, civil society organizations argue the city government has not developed capacity for meaningful citizen engagement on transport issues.
This document provides an analysis of the Clear Creek Trail in Bloomington, Indiana. It includes an introduction describing the Bloomington trail system and Clear Creek Trail. A literature review covers existing research on topics like trail use, amenities, and safety. The methods section describes the study conducted, which involved distributing surveys along Clear Creek Trail to understand user opinions and how to improve the trail. Results and recommendations are discussed based on the survey findings. The goal of the study was to identify key concerns of Clear Creek Trail users and ways Bloomington Parks and Recreation can improve the trail.
Istanbul iett workshop 1 foundations_14_june2015VTPI
This document summarizes a presentation on foundations of public transport planning. It discusses key concepts like mobility versus accessibility, the benefits of public transit compared to roads and parking, and strategies to encourage more sustainable transportation like improving walking, cycling and transit options. The presentation argues for more comprehensive planning that considers all impacts and favors affordable and efficient modes like walking, cycling and public transit to optimize transportation system efficiency and equity.
LTC, Jack R. Widmeyer Transportation Research Conference, 11/04/2011, Corneli...LTC @ CSUSB
This document discusses two projects related to transportation alternatives: 1) A project to develop an efficient concept of operations for smart dial-a-ride transit to provide on-demand mobility for seniors, with the goals of cost savings, reduced energy use, and pollution reduction. 2) A project to study user preferences for bicycling and walking facilities and develop a guide for local governments to plan infrastructure that promotes alternatives to driving.
This document discusses the sustainability aspects of urban public transportation. It covers topics like changing urban patterns due to motorization and urbanization trends worldwide. Automobile dependency has increased in cities as public transit became unresponsive. The document examines different indicators of sustainable transportation and their implications. It argues that increased public transit and density can help ensure sustainability by reducing automobile use. Technology and innovative transit solutions also have a role to play, but policies guiding land use and pricing are equally important to arrest urban sprawl and make alternatives to private vehicles more attractive.
This document discusses the future representation of cities and proposes building cities in alternative locations due to risks to existing cities. It describes an assignment where students imagine being the mayor of a city in 2033 that is no longer safe to live in due to some problem. The students must propose building a new city either underground, underwater, floating, or through city enhancement. It then provides background information on the definition and history of cities, as well as elements of urban design and infrastructure needed for smart cities.
This document provides background information on pedestrian planning in Milwaukee. It discusses how other major U.S. cities like Seattle and Portland have adopted pedestrian master plans to make their cities more walkable. In contrast, Milwaukee currently lacks a comprehensive pedestrian plan, though it does have a bicycle plan. The document also discusses Walk Score and SEWRPC as tools for evaluating walkability and existing pedestrian infrastructure and policies. It provides context for understanding the need and goals of developing pedestrian best practices and recommendations for Milwaukee.
“The ethics of transport planning” - Prof Stephen Potter talks at the HCDI se...Marco Ajovalasit
This presentation will explore the ethical issues behind what appears to be a technical design process - that of transport planning decisions. It will draw upon the transport/land use designs explored in Britain’s new towns (and Milton Keynes in particular) which help to highlight the ethical decisions involved.
This will illustrate the way that the design of towns and cities affects our travel behaviour and constrains our ability to choose to travel in a socially and environmentally responsible way. Indeed, we can get locked into unsustainable travel behaviours and feel powerless to behave otherwise. This leads to the now prevalent negative attitude towards transport policy initiatives and often outright opposition to sustainable transport developments.
Urban design professionals argue that high density settlements are the main way that sustainable transport choices can be provided, as such designs produce conditions which make for good public, and also suppress car use. However, although such an approach is possible in major conurbations and city centres, this is a difficult and contentious approach for suburban Britain. For most places ‘big city’ design solutions are not politically viable.
Perhaps we should be looking to more innovative approaches. These could blend a variety of new measures, such as the ‘smarter travel’ initiatives as well as new emerging technologies. However these require a different way of doing transport planning to the traditional ‘big infrastructure’ transport policy approaches. New physical design approaches often require the redesign of the processes and structures to implement and manage them, and this may be the key barrier to success.
Building development trajectories refers to the path being followed by the development of built environments. This path can be influenced, and change, depending on external factors such as economic climate, client preferences, legislation and fashion. It can also be intentional and have a specific direction and destination that is established and followed by government and users, owners, planners and designers of built environment.
The scale and nature of social, economic and environmental pressures, climate change and the limited resources to address these challenges mean that new built environment development models need to be developed. This paper describes, and reviews, a sustainable development model for the built environment that addresses these issues. The model aims to ensure that sustainability is not just a consideration in the development of built environments, but is integrated in way that defines and directs building development trajectories.
The theoretical basis of the model is described and a tool and methodology for application presented. The review and discussion of the model and tool is undertaken and recommendations for further research and development are made.
Synthesis Paper - Sarah Hooker & Ping Na Huang - Vancouver TransportationSarah Mae Hooker
This document summarizes a study that examines how modes of transportation decision-making vary across distance, commute time, and accessibility to downtown Vancouver. The study analyzes census and transportation data from Vancouver's 22 local planning areas. It investigates the relationship between residents' choice of transportation to work and their commute times using alternative modes like public transit and biking. The study also examines how accessibility to public transit and bikeways affects transportation decisions.
This document discusses transforming commercial corridors into healthy corridors. It notes that many corridors are currently automobile-centric and negatively impact health, safety, and community. A healthy corridors approach considers how the built environment along a corridor can support physical activity, safety, access to healthy food/services, transportation options, housing affordability, and social cohesion to benefit surrounding neighborhoods. This involves understanding baseline conditions and needs, engaging the community including underserved groups, and considering health outcomes when planning improvements. The goal is to create vibrant, equitable and sustainable places through corridor redevelopment.
Urban design and the built environment have a significant impact on public health. Features like parks and streets can be modified to encourage physical activity and social interaction. The document proposes redesigning Hurt Park in Atlanta and the surrounding streets to make them more pedestrian-friendly and appealing. Concept designs were created using Google SketchUp to illustrate how the park and streets could be improved to promote a healthier environment.
This document summarizes a research article from the International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology that examines factors influencing bicycle use in Upper Egypt. The article investigates the low levels of cycling in Upper Egypt through a questionnaire of 925 male and female students. It finds that 58% of males and 22% of females would be potential bicycle users if safe infrastructure and parking existed. The main barriers to cycling are a lack of infrastructure, safety concerns, social norms, and safe parking. Encouraging cycling in Upper Egypt would require policies promoting cycling and changing cultures through media to increase acceptance.
The document summarizes research on the value of street improvements in London. The research found that improvements to publically-owned street spaces can provide substantial benefits. Improvements were associated with a one-third increase in physical quality, 4-7.5% increase in rental values, reduced retail vacancies, and increased walking and social activities. The improvements also enhanced perceptions of streets. The research evaluated ten improved and unimproved street pairs using both quantitative and qualitative data to understand the impacts and value of investing in street environments.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines the relationship between pedestrianization and walkability in urban spaces. It discusses how pedestrianization can increase physical activity, vitality, and livability. The study focuses on the Salamis road in Famagusta, Cyprus to assess walkability problems and propose solutions. Pedestrianization aims to prioritize pedestrians over vehicles and increase safety, organization, and quality of the urban environment. Walkability is influenced by factors like infrastructure for walking and encourages walking through a safe, comfortable environment. The research analyzes how pedestrianization and walkability intersect to enhance urban areas.
Cohesive City: Built Environment and Active TransportIJLT EMAS
This document discusses how the built environment impacts active transportation. It begins by defining active transportation as human-powered modes of transportation like walking and cycling. It then discusses how attributes of the built environment like density, connectivity, land use diversity, and street design can encourage people to choose active transportation. The document measures different aspects of the built environment that are associated with active transportation, like density, connectivity, land use mix, and street network qualities. It also discusses how the built form, pedestrian density, and permeability can impact walkability. Overall, the document analyzes how urban planning and design can create environments that better support active and sustainable transportation.
Existing Condition of Urban Mobility in Kathmandu ValleyIJRTEMJOURNAL
Mobility of the city is very important for livable cities. General impression of the people regarding
the urban mobility in Kathmandu Valley is very bad. Perception of the people is gathered through the
questionnaire from people of Kathmandu. Various indicators are grouped in six categories namely -
environmental criteria, social/cultural sustainability, economic criteria,
infrastructure/engineering/technological, institutional sustainability and good governance. Questionnaire survey
was conducted to assess the people’s perception of three districts of Kathmandu Valley. This study deals the
people’s perception. Finding of the study will be useful for developing the sustainability criteria for urban
transportation and consider the various policy decision regarding the efficient mobility of Kathmandu Valley.
Finding shows that mobility situation of Kathmandu Valley is not good and indicates the need of improvement.
A Tale of Two Streets - Indiana Walk-Bike Summit.pptxCynthia Hoyle
Creating communities in which everyone, regardless of ability or income, can get where they need to go safely can be challenging. We can transform our communities and create healthier and more equitable place to live, work, and play. This presentation discusses tools to successfully transform your community.
The document discusses the concepts of walkability and sustainability. It defines walkability as a measurement of how pedestrian-friendly an area is. Walking provides environmental, economic, social and health benefits compared to other forms of transportation. Sustainability refers to systems and processes that can remain diverse and productive over time. Factors that influence walkability include connectivity, human scale, and amenities within walking distance. Walkability can be measured using indexes that consider sidewalk availability, pedestrian facilities, and the presence of parks, schools and other destinations within a mile.
The document summarizes the Healthy Active by Design collaborative project in Western Australia. The project is led by the National Heart Foundation in collaboration with various government departments and organizations. It aims to address increasing inactivity, obesity, and chronic disease rates through encouraging built environments that support active living. The project developed an online guide with evidence, policies, case studies, and checklists on 9 design elements to create walkable and bikeable communities promoting public health.
The document provides guidance for cities to promote traffic safety through urban and street design. It discusses how over 1 million traffic deaths occur globally each year, primarily in low- and middle-income countries, with the majority being vulnerable road users. The economic costs of traffic crashes can be significant for some countries. The document outlines design principles for cities to improve safety, including reducing the need for vehicle travel through urban design, implementing traffic calming measures to reduce speeds, designing safer arterial corridors, and establishing connected bicycle networks. Specific design elements and measures are described that can help implement these principles, drawn from examples in cities around the world.
This division will be responsible for the marketing and communications strategies
outlined in Section 5. This includes the launch of the commitment statement, creating
awareness and education, and promoting the sustainable initiatives at each event. They will
work closely with the Sustainability Division to ensure all messaging is in line with the
commitment. Additionally, they will be responsible for documenting and reporting the
progress of the sustainable initiatives through the AVP website, social media, press releases,
and annual reports.
Event Management: This division will be responsible for implementing the sustainable
strategies at each event site as outlined in Section 3. This includes venue selection,
operations, waste management, transportation, and accommodations. They will work
The document proposes creating a Certified Urban Park Manager program to address gaps in existing education for urban park management. It finds current degree programs offer limited urban-focused coursework. The unique needs of urban parks require managers to have skills in areas like landscape architecture, environmental science, event management, and security. The proposed Certified Urban Park Manager program would consist of three elements - human, urban, and biological - to give managers a comprehensive understanding applicable to daily practice and ensure long-term sustainability of urban parks.
This audit summarizes the physical environment of the south sector of the University of Canberra campus. It examines factors like walkability, availability of shade, transportation access, places for social interaction, and food options. The audit found some positive aspects like accessible paths and buildings, but noted a lack of vibrant social spaces. It recommends improving recreational areas, active transportation infrastructure, and walkability through street design. Conducting further audits and gathering student/staff feedback could help monitor progress on proposed changes.
Education Institutes as epicenters driving Collaborative Social Initiative: A...Ravi-Bhatnagar
This document provides a summary of a research paper on using educational institutions to drive collaborative social initiatives, using the Kumbh Mela mega event in India as a case study. It discusses how the Kumbh Mela attracted researchers from universities like Harvard and MIT who studied aspects like sanitation, green initiatives, and governance. It also examines how the Kumbh Mela in 2013 utilized a collaborative approach between the government and private sector to effectively provide services to millions of pilgrims. The document argues that educational institutions can play a key role in collaborative social initiatives and that this model could help address challenges in other cities.
Summary - Lecture 3: Urban Transportation Systems “The Limit to Urban Growth ...ESD UNU-IAS
Prof. Hayashi presented on sustainable urban development and transportation systems for megacities. He discussed the limits to growth due to finite resources and the need to transition from a one-way to circular economy. He also emphasized the importance of low carbon transport and integrated transport systems to reduce traffic congestion and CO2 emissions. Prof. Hayashi proposed the Avoid-Shift-Improve framework to guide strategic actions toward more sustainable mobility. He also examined measuring personal quality of life to evaluate inclusiveness in sustainable development goals. Finally, Prof. Hayashi concluded that achieving sustainability, higher quality of life, and a circular green economy system are key to creating cities aligned with sustainable development goals.
Although the street was once a multi-use space, the rise of vehicles has resulted in the street being regarded as a place for motorists with the primary purpose of moving vehicles quickly. Home zone represents an opportunity to restore the role of streets as a shared space to be used by pedestrians and cyclists as well as motorists with the privilege of pedestrians over the other road users. The most important aim of a Home Zone is to improve the quality of life in residential streets by making them
places for people not for vehicles. Research conducted on residents’ feelings about their neighbourhoods before and after implementing Home Zone show, if principles of Home Zone design are fully implemented, Home Zones can be safe, secure, pleasant, and attractive areas which not only decrease through traffic and vehicles’ speed but also improve social interactions and residents’ quality of life.
Sustainable Urban Corridors in Khartoum Case of Mohammed Najeeb StreetDr. Amarjeet Singh
This article aims at measuring the sustainability of the streets of Khartoum using the Pedestrian Environmental Quality Index (P.E.Q.I.). This index has six categories: Intersection safety; traffic; street design; perceived safety; land use; and perceived walkability. Each category has several items. As a case study, Mohammed Najeeb main street is studied since it represents main streets in Khartoum. Results show that the sustainability standard of the studied street is below average (40%). Conclusions are written. And recommendations are drawn.
Sustainable Transport Best Practices andBarry Wellar
The 2007 Fleming Lecture begins with a brief review of Canada’s progress in achieving core element standing for geographic factors in sustainable transport best practices. This part of the paper grounds sustainable transport in metropolitan regions, and then establishes the essential role of geographic factors in the sustainability of transport systems in Canada, and particularly in its metropolitan transportation systems. With that foundation in place, the paper then presents findings that reveal the extremely limited implementation of nine sustainable transport best practices in Canada’s metropolitan regions, and the consequent lack of regard for geographic factors in matters related to achieving sustainable transport practices.
Similar to Nile River: A Fitness Trail Promoting Physical Activity In Cairo City (20)
Predictive Data Mining with Normalized Adaptive Training Method for Neural Ne...IJERDJOURNAL
Abstract:- Predictive data mining is an upcoming and fast-growing field and offers a competitive edge for the benefit of organization. In recent decades, researchers have developed new techniques and intelligent algorithms for predictive data mining. In this research paper, we have proposed a novel training algorithm for optimizing neural networks for prediction purpose and to utilize it for the development of prediction models. Models developed in MATLAB Neural Network Toolbox have been tested for insurance datasets taken from a live data warehouse. A comparative study of the proposed algorithm with other popular first and second order algorithms has been presented to judge the predictive accuracy of the suggested technique. Various graphs have been presented to analyse the convergence behaviour of different algorithms towards point of minimum error.
The development of the Islamic Heritage in Southeast Asia tradition and futur...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This research explores the historical development of Islamic architecture in Southeast Asia from the first idea to design a mosque by the Prophet Mohammad until the development at these days with the various purism passages And as developed up these days with the passages of the development of the traditional type to the postmodern, finally to modern Southeast Asia. The Islamic architecture has been developed in six traditional typologies of types of mosques is renowned throughout the world. Southeast Asia mosques are divided into various types according to the regional culture as Arabic type, Turkish type, the Iranian type, the Indian type, the Chinese type and South East Asian type. This research describes the main characteristics of these types. The main purpose of this research is to draw a correlation between the descriptions of the mosques in Malaysia as presented in the traditional typology that contains in its features in main types, relations in common throughout the Islamic world, however, distinguishes itself with the architectural form according to the local tradition.
An Iot Based Smart Manifold Attendance SystemIJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT:- Attendance has been an age old procedure employed in different disciplines of educational institutions. While attendance systems have witnessed growth right from manual techniques to biometrics, plight of taking attendance is undeniable. In fingerprint based attendance monitoring, if fingers get roughed / scratched, it leads to misreading. Also for face recognition, students will have to make a queue and each one will have to wait until their face gets recognised. Our proposed system is employing “manifold attendance” that means employing passive attendance, where at a time, the attendance of multiple people can get captured. We have eliminated the need of queue system / paper-pen system of attendance, and just with a single click the attendance is not only captured, but monitored as well, that too without any human intervention. In the proposed system, creation of database and face detection is done by using the concepts of bounding box, whereas for face recognition we employ histogram equalization and matching technique.
A Novel Approach To Detect Trustworthy Nodes Using Audit Based Scheme For WSNIJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: In multi-hop ad hoc networks there exists a problem of identifying and isolating misbehaving nodes which refuses to forward packets. Audit-based Misbehavior Detection (AMD) is a comprehensive system that effectively and efficiently isolates both continuous and selective packet droppers. The AMD system integrates reputation management, trustworthy route discovery, and identification of misbehaving nodes based on behavioral audits. Compared to previous methods, AMD evaluates node behavior on a per-packet basis, without employing energy-expensive overhearing techniques or intensive acknowledgment schemes. Moreover, AMD can detect selective dropping attacks even if end-to-end traffic is encrypted and can be applied to multichannel networks or networks consisting of nodes with directional antennas. This work implements the AMD approach by considering the rushing attack. The analysis of the results confirms that AMD based method with rushing attack performs better as compared to the non rushing attack.
Human Resource Competencies: An Empirical AssessmentIJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Human beings are the essential part of the process. Today, technology and machines are taking over the human resource, as claimed by many people; but technology and machines can never replace human resource entirely. Humans are required for operating and maintaining these machines. Human resource is extremely important for developing or bringing about new and required changes to these machines and technologies. The study of the history and the current Human Resource Management trends points out some important facts
Prospects and Problems of Non-Governmental Organizations in Poverty Alleviati...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: The World Bank sponsored Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), launched in 1990 envisaged a world free of poverty by the year 2015. The North-East (where Gombe State is centrally located) is experiencing significantly higher poverty and lack of progress in poverty reduction efforts. With coming to end of 2015, much still need to be done to attain the MDGs. With over 62.6% Nigerian population still very poor, there is need for a continuous search for alternative planning & development options that would help ameliorate poverty and sustained our dream for a world free of poverty and wants. This study examines the prospects and investigates the constraints of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in poverty alleviation and community development. Literature review, questionnaire and interview methods were used for the study. The findings revealed that: finance, continuity of projects/programmes, conflicts and insecurity were the major problems confronting the NGOs. An interesting revelation is that majority of the respondents indicated that they wait for the NGOs or Government to initiate poverty alleviation programmes/projects. The implication is that the community dwellers need attitudinal change necessary for self reliance. The prospect of NGOs in poverty alleviation and community development in the study area is very bright due to rapid population growth & increasing poverty levels with the attendant positive effects on urban planning and regional development. The study recommends that NGOs should (1) form an association to enable them work together, and utilize social capital in their operation/services. (2) seek to explore avenues for funding from donor agencies. Finally, the Government needs to address some of its short comings.
Development of Regression Model Using Lasso And Optimisation of Process Param...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT:- Metal Spinning is a concept of describing the forming of metal into seamless, axisymmetric shapes by a combination of rotational motion and force. Sheet metal spinning is one of the metal forming processes, which a flat metal blank is rotated at a high speed and formed into an axisymmetric part by a roller which gradually forces the blank on to a mandrel, bearing the final shape of the spun part. Over the last few decades, sheet metal spinning has developed significantly and spun products have been used in various industries. Nowadays the process has been expanded to new horizons in industries, since tendency to use minimum tool and equipment costs and also using lower forces with the output of excellent surface quality and good mechanical properties. The automation of the process is of greater importance, due to its wider applications like decorative household‟s goods, rocket nose cones, gas cylinders etc. The objective of the current work is to develop the mathematical model for the spinning process with surface roughness as response and the input parameters as Mandrel speed (rpm), geometry of the Roller and Thickness of sheet (mm). Type of mandrel (EN8 Material) considered in the spinning process has the geometrical profile of parabola and single roller and double roller tools (EN8 Material) are used to deform the Al2024-T3 sheet metal paper aims to understand the process parameters that affect the surface finish of the spun component. Full factorial Design of Experiments technique is used to find the minimum number of experimental trials that are required to develop the regression model. A regression model using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) is developed to further deepen the understanding between the input parameters and the surface roughness. The model was optimised using Sequential Quadratic Programming.
Use of Satellite Data for Feasibility Study And Preliminary Design Project Re...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: In the developing countries like India, need of infrastructure is very high as compared to the available resources. The various organizations put their demands to state and center government for sanction of their project, government depends upon its various department to provide an approximate cost so that priorities can be assigned. The conventional procedure depends upon the land surveying, collection of data from various departments resulting in delay in necessary decision making or some time shelving due to unreasonable cost estimate due to field data being very old. Survey of India, The National Survey and Mapping Organization single handily taking this responsibility thus up gradation of data is far behind the actual development. From the satellite data, which is available in the form of images and terrains (even in 3d LiDAR points for some areas) is very useful for Feasibility Study, and Preliminary Project Report. In the present study natural drain named „Chai Nala‟ meanders through the prime property of Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA) thus making a big chunk of commercial land inoperative. It was proposed to straighten and channelize to reclaim the land from drain regime. Being the precious land department wanted the most economical and technically sound design without taking any risk. It was decided to counter check the hydraulic data, ground profile, acquired from the Punjab Irrigation Department with the satellite data and Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS). The data from the Google Earth was acquired using Cad Earth software and water shed analysis was carried out using Autodesk Civil 3D software. Comparison of results shows that this technique is quite useful and can be for preliminary feasibility and project preparation. Thus saving huge money and time.
Microwave Assisted Sol Gel Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide(Mgo)IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles have been synthesized by Microwave assisted Sol gel synthesis method by using the precursors citric acid (C2O4H2) and magnesium chloride (Mgcl2.6H2O). It is a simple, novel and cost effective method. The structure, morphology and crystalline phase of the magnesium oxide nanocrystals have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD).Presence of functional groups and optical characters are analyzed by using FTIR and UV- visible techniques
Development of Enhanced Frequency Drive for 3-Phase Induction Motors Submitte...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Three-phase induction motors produce mechanical power by electromagnetic induction and run on a 3-phase ac supply. They require efficient speed control, to enable them do variable speed operations, save power consumption and reduce machine noise. In this dissertation, a new switching device called MosControlled Thyristor (MCT) for frequency drive is introduced. Based on the new switching device and AT89C52 microcontroller, an enhanced frequency drive for controlling the speed and torque of 3-phase 15kW squirrel cage induction motor is modeled. Different voltages ranging from 342V to 415V and frequencies ranging from 50Hz to 60Hz are used in a systematic manner to simulate the system based on the new switching device. The simulation program is written in C language and tested with Proteus 7.6 simulation software. Voltage and frequency have significant impact on the actual speed and torque of the motor. Simulation results show that with the new model, the torque (56.66Nm) developed by the motor which is constant throughout each speed range is directly proportional to the ratio (6.7:1) of the applied voltage and the frequency of the supply and the selected speeds (1450, 1510, 1570, 1630, 1690 and 1750 rpm) are locked irrespective of change in load. This is unlike other models where magnetic saturation and conduction drop of IGBT lead to voltage/frequency imbalance resulting in excessive drawing of current by the motor and overheating. This new control method has a speed regulation of ±2 to 3% of maximum frequency, speed response of 3Hz, speed control range of 1: 40 and efficiency of 88%, as further advantages. Comparison of the system with other speed control techniques shows improved energy-saving, cost effectiveness and safety in operation. The contributions of this research aim to make Volts per Hertz speed control method based on MCT a reliable better alternative to other well known methods in speed control of three-phase induction motors
Short-Term Load Forecasting Using ARIMA Model For Karnataka State Electrical ...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Short-term load forecasting is a key issue for reliable and economic operation of power systems. This paper aims to develop short-term electric load forecasting ARIMA Model for Karnataka Electrical Load pattern based on Stochastic Time Series Analysis. The logical and organised procedures for model development using Autocorrelation Function and Partial Autocorrelation Function make ARIMA Model particularly attractive. The methodology involves Initial Model Development Phase, Parameter Estimation Phase and Forecasting Phase. To confirm the effectiveness, the proposed model is developed and tested using the historical data of Karnataka Electrical Load pattern (2016). The forecasting error of ARIMA Model is computed and results have shown favourable forecasting accuracy.
Optimal Pricing Policy for a Manufacturing Inventory Model with Two Productio...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: When a new product is launched, a manufacturer applies the strategy of offering a quantity incentive initially for some time to boost up the demand of the product. The present paper describes a manufacturing inventory model with price sensitive demand enhanced by a quantity incentive. Later on demand becomes time increasing also. Inventory cycle starts with low production rate which is followed by higher production rate when demand is boosted up. Shortages are not allowed in this model. Presentation of numerical examples, tables, graphs and sensitivity analysis describes the model very well. Lastly case without incentive illustrates that usually the quantity incentive offered initially is beneficial.
Analysis of failure behavior of shear connection in push-out specimen by thre...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT:- This study analyzes the failure mechanism of shear connection by three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) of push-out specimens that was practically unaffordable experimentally or by twodimensional FEA. For the analysis of the failure behavior of the compression strut formed in the loaded concrete member, the three-dimensional principal stress space is transformed into two-dimensional space by means of the relation between the hydrostatic stress and the deviatoric stress. The analysis of the stress state in the compression strut revealed that the deviatoric stress increases with larger load particularly in the concrete surrounding the lower part of the shear stud. Accordingly, bearing failure of concrete occurred locally within a limited region in the slab. The steep increase of the deviatoric stress accompanying the increase of the load resulted in the failure of concrete around the lower part of the shear stud, which in turn provoked the deformation and the development of bending moment of the shear stud. Finally, plastic hinge formed in the shear stud leading it to reach its limit state. The proposed finite element model can also be used to model the shear connection of the composite beam and, the proposed stress analysis method can be applied to analyze its composite action behavior.
Discrete Time Batch Arrival Queue with Multiple VacationsIJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT:- In this paper we consider a discrete time batch arrival queueing system with multiple vacations. It is assume that the service of customers arrived in the system between a fixed intervals of time after which the service goes on vacations after completion of one service of cycle is taken up at the boundaries of the fixed duration of time. This is the case of late arrival. In case of early arrival i.e. arrival before the start of next cycles of service. If the customer finds the system empty, it is served immediately. We prove the Stochastic decomposition property for queue length and waiting time distribution for both the models.
Regional Rainfall Frequency Analysis By L-Moments Approach For Madina Region,...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT:- In arid regions, extreme rainfall event frequency predictions are still a challenging problem, because of the rain gauge stations scarcity and the record length limitation, which are usually short to insure reliable quantile estimates. Regional frequency analysis is one of the popular approaches used to compensate the data limitation. In this paper, regional frequency analysis of maximum daily rainfall is investigated for Madinah province in the Western Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The observed maximum daily rainfall records of 20 rainfall stations are selected from 1968 to 2015. The rainfall data is evaluated using four tests, namely, Discordance test (Di), Homogeneity test (H), Goodness of fit test (Zdist) and L-moment ratios diagram (LMRD). The Di of L-moments shows that all the sites belong to one group (Di <3.0).><1). Finally, the Zdist is used to evaluate five probability distribution functions (PDFs) including generalized logistic (GLO), generalized extreme value (GEV), generalized normal (GNO), generalized Pareto (GPA), and Pearson Type III (PE3). Zdist and LMRD both showed that PE3 distribution is the best among the other PDFs. The regional parameters of the candidate PDF are computed using L-moments approach and accordingly the regional dimensionless growth curve is developed. The results enhance the accuracy of extreme rainfall prediction at-sites and also they can be used for ungauged catchment in the region.
Implementing Oracle Utility-Meter Data Management For Power ConsumptionIJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: In this digital mobile world, it‟s need of time to streamline and increase efficiency in business processes like effective data collection, measurement, automatic validation, editing and estimation of measurement data, analysis and dashboard for forecasting and ease in end user accessibility with Just in Time. This paper is following two methodology in this process. CEMLI is an extensive framework for developing and implementing for Oracle whereas OUM is business process and use case driven process which supports products, tool, technologies and documentation. This paper have focused on analytical data, system automation functionality along with prototype designing. For this, analysts and administrators will collect and define calculation rule for data collection and measurement, deployment methods, dashboards and security features. This paper gives measure understanding of cloud technologies and their features like services (SaaS), deployment methods, security and ability to reduce overhead cost, downtime, and automate business processes with 360 degree review and analysis. It consolidates data in one system with volumes of analog and interval data which facilitates new customer with offering and effective program. Also it maximizes return on investments and protects revenue through comprehensive exception management.
Business Intelligence - A Gift for Decision Maker for the Effective Decision ...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Business Intelligence is a socio-technical concept emerged to help managers especially in their decision making tasks. A manager with different decision making styles has been started to make use of business intelligence in their own ways. Are the all managers taking benefits of Business intelligence in the same way? Does Business intelligence give each category what they want in the decision making process? If the answer to these questions is – No, then what is the expectation of managers from BI having different decision making style? Will BI could satisfy their needs? If yes, then how? By using well-formed theory in different styles of decision making and taking BI capabilities into consideration this paper highlights the framework which defines appropriate BI capabilities with each decision making style. Study shows in order to serve each style of decision in which BI capabilities changes with respect to style. It is believed that by making BI customized based on decision making styles; BI would be the much more successful in serving all the categories of managers
Effect of Water And Ethyl Alcohol Mixed Solvent System on the Stability of Be...IJERDJOURNAL
This document discusses the effect of water and ethyl alcohol mixed solvent systems on the stability of metal complexes formed between beta-hydroxy ketone and benzotriazole ligands. The study examines ternary complexes of copper, nickel, zinc, and cobalt ions with different beta-hydroxy ketone and benzotriazole derivatives. The stabilities of the complexes were determined using pH metric titration and found to vary with the solvent composition. Intramolecular interactions between the ligands were found to contribute significantly to complex stability. Copper formed the most stable complexes while cobalt formed the least stable.
Design of Synthesizable Asynchronous FIFO And Implementation on FPGAIJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This paper presents a design of asynchronous FIFO which, along with the regular status signals, consists of some extra status signals for more user-friendly design and added safety. Gray code pointers are used in the design. For synchronisation purpose, two synchroniser modules are used which contain two D-flip-flops each. The design is implemented and synthesised at register transfer level (RTL) using Verilog HDL. Simulation and implementation is done using Xilinx ISE Design Suite. Further, the design is implemented on Basys 2 Spartan-3E FPGA Board. Asynchronous FIFO is used to carry out steady data transmission at high speeds between two asynchronous clock domains.
Prospect and Challenges of Renewable Energy Resources Exploration, Exploitati...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This paper enumerates the status and challenges of exploration, exploitation and development of renewable energy resources and its roles in sustainable development in Africa. A brief review of energy and renewable energy resources in Africa was succinctly done. The concept of sustainable development as it borders on the Renewable Energy Technologies and their roles were also discussed. The challenges facing the acceptance, deployment and promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies in Africa were also highlighted. The barriers were classified as; policy, regulation and institutional; information and technical capacity and financial. Recommendations were made towards solving problems peculiar to exploration, exploitation and development of Renewable Energy in entirety in Africa.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Adaptive synchronous sliding control for a robot manipulator based on neural ...IJECEIAES
Robot manipulators have become important equipment in production lines, medical fields, and transportation. Improving the quality of trajectory tracking for
robot hands is always an attractive topic in the research community. This is a
challenging problem because robot manipulators are complex nonlinear systems
and are often subject to fluctuations in loads and external disturbances. This
article proposes an adaptive synchronous sliding control scheme to improve trajectory tracking performance for a robot manipulator. The proposed controller
ensures that the positions of the joints track the desired trajectory, synchronize
the errors, and significantly reduces chattering. First, the synchronous tracking
errors and synchronous sliding surfaces are presented. Second, the synchronous
tracking error dynamics are determined. Third, a robust adaptive control law is
designed,the unknown components of the model are estimated online by the neural network, and the parameters of the switching elements are selected by fuzzy
logic. The built algorithm ensures that the tracking and approximation errors
are ultimately uniformly bounded (UUB). Finally, the effectiveness of the constructed algorithm is demonstrated through simulation and experimental results.
Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed controller is effective with small synchronous tracking errors, and the chattering phenomenon is
significantly reduced.
Nile River: A Fitness Trail Promoting Physical Activity In Cairo City
1. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development
e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com
Volume 13, Issue 5 (May 2017), PP.59-69
95
Nile River: A Fitness Trail Promoting Physical Activity In
Cairo City
Noha Ahmed Abd El Aziz
Lecturer At The Faculty Of Urban And Regional Planning, Urban Design Department
Cairo University
ABSTRACT: Nowadays, governments are challenged by dramatic increases in the frequency of chronic
diseases, obesity and sedentary lifestyles caused majorly by physical inactivity.In order to lessen such
complications, urban designers and architects strive to create open spaces and streets that encourage walking,
bicycling, and other forms of active recreation.This paper aims at evaluating “Ahl Misr” Promenade created at
the Nile River banks, Cairo city, Egypt, in terms of the vision guiding the design, design features, environmental
aspects, promenade management, and funding channels. The study concentrates on exploring the extent to
which the trail succeeded in offering venues for cycling, walking, running and stretching, as to participate in
enhancing the public health in a city suffering from scarcity of open spaces. Observation of the existing
activities and a physical survey are adopted. The results show that the tail is a positive stage towards the goal;
nevertheless, the local authority predominating decisions and management policies are crippling the trail from
fulfilling its potentials.
Keywords: Fitness Trails, Environmental Design, PlaceMaking, “Ahl Misr” Promenade
I. INTRODUCTION
Obesity and diabetes are now epidemic diseases, progressively rising, especially over the past three decades,
and are major health problems around the world (Sivam et al., 2012). The increase in obesity rates is tied to the
population’s over-consumption of calories and under-expenditure of human energy, both of which are shaped by
the built environments in which we live in. Indicators reveal that the rate of obesity in Egypt has augmented
markedly over the past 30 years. ` Nearly 70 % of its adult population are overweight or obese (World Health
Organization, 2010). According to WHO statistics, an estimated 76%t of females over 15 years are overweight
or obese, in comparison with approximately 64.5% of Egyptian males. Unfortunately, Obesity negatively affects
not only on the community health, but also the city economy. Research links obesity with economic impacts in
the form of direct medical costs, as it is accounted for 2 to 6% of total health care costs in several developed
countries (Puska et al., 2003). Additionally, it is linked to indirect impacts on the production costs, and human
capital costs (Hammond, R., and Levine R., 2010).
From the preceding, it is understandable that the local governments have a vital obligation to provide
environments that promote opportunities for physical activity and active living. However, a vital question arises,
addressing the impact of a well-designed built environment on obesity levels. Studies confirm that urban design
can influence the physical activity levels and the active living in the city, as it affects where people live, how
they travel to work or school, and what shops or facilities they use. Active living is a way of life that integrates
physical activity into daily routines; the goal is to accumulate at least 30 minutes of exercise each day (Edwards
and Tsouros, 2006). A study conducted in Atlanta, Georgia, found that each quartile increase of land-use mix in
neighborhoods that encourages walking was associated with a 12 % reduction in the probability of obesity
(Frank et al., 2004). Moreover, new design paradigms, such as New Urbanism, Transit Oriented Developments
(TOD) and SmartGrowth seek to encourage physical activity in urban areas. These design paradigms embrace
walking, bicycling, active recreation, and encourage stair climbing, transit use to sustain public health (Field,
2011). Therefore, local strategies and plans should aim at promoting physical activity among people of all ages,
in all social circumstances and in all parts of cities. Fitness trails are considered one of the solutions that urban
design can offer to encourage city citizens to follow a more active lifestyle. A solution that can improve health
espicialy in a city like Cairo city where there is an absence of public spaces dedicated to exercising, as present
exercising venues are restricted to private clubs (for members) or youth centers with entry fees.
II. FITNESS TRAILS IN THE CITY
A fitness trail consists of a path or course equipped with obstacles, stations or gym equipment
specifically designed for outdoor use, distributed along its length for exercising the human body to
promote physical fitness training. They may be located in parks or along valley lands, river corridors, adjacent
to active or abandoned rail lines, hydro corridors and other linear routes that serve the needs of both recreational
2. and utilitarian cyclists (City of Brampton, 2002). Trails tend to connect existing playgrounds, libraries and open
green space, as to achieve better exposure and encourage their use (Ocken, 2014). A successful trail facility
should provide a safe and comfortable environment for the anticipated users. It is, therefore, important to
identify the target group for whom the facility is being designed according to age, and skill level .Generally, it is
found that walking is the primary choice among recreational users followed by cycling then jogging then in-line
skating then or pushing a stroller (City of Brampton, 2002).
Many cities all over the world started exploiting their river banks to provide public trails for local
communities to use. Examples of these trails are:“Cooks River Fitness Trail” located in Canterbury City,
Australia [Figure 1],”OracleFitness Trail” located in San Francisco[Figure 2] in the United States. Moreover,
“Canal Walk “stretching north through White River State Park situated in the United States [Figure 3]. The trails
are for walkers, runners, bikers and sightseers. They offer outdoor, self-guided exercise system suitable for users
of all age groups and abilities. The fitness equipment is based on warm-up and cool-down, stretching,
strengthening and cardiovascular workouts (City of Canterbury, 2016; Visit Andy, 2016; Indiana trails, 2016).
Funds are offered by the city council or private corporations.
Figure (1) Cooks River Fitness Trail location and design
Source: City of Canterbury, 2016
Figure (2) Oracle Fitness Trail design
Source: https://www.yelp.at/biz/oracle-fitness-trail-redwood-city
3. Nile River: A Fitness Trail Promoting Physical Activity In Cairo City
61
Figure (3) The Canal Walk fitness and recreation trail
Source: Visit Andy, 2016; Indiana trails, 2016
Place Making ModelFigure (4)
, 2009Project for Public SpacesSource:
III. CREATING A FITNESS TRAIL AS A PLACE FOR PEOPLE
Project for Public Spaces (PPS) began consistently using the term “Placemaking” in the mid-1990s to
create quality public spaces that contribute to people’s health, happiness, and wellbeing. The process is based on
community participation where users of all ages, abilities and socio-economic backgrounds are the ones crafting
the identity, creation, and maintenance of the project [Figure 4].To identify the Placemaking concept, Project for
public space published eleven fundamental principles devoted to creating a place, not only a design through
finding the right partners; embracing creative ideas; and observing to understand how people use the space.
They added developing a vision, providing innovative financing and starting small to prove that change is
possible. Finally, PPS focused on the significance of ensuring efficient management plans to journey the success
of the project (Project for Public Spaces, 2009). Another approach is the Inspire East Excellence Framework,
which highlights eight key headings that must be addressed in sustainable communities, they are: governing,
connectivity, services, environmental aspects, equity, economy, built environment and finally social and
cultural environment (ATLAS, 2017).
3.1 Location and design
From the previous examples, it is clear that creating a fitness trail needs a vision that supports and
encourages active living in the city. This vision should be embraced by the local governments, in order to invest
in creating places to enhance the public health like fitness trails. As for the trail design a strategic level
assessment is needed in the city or the community level. This initial stage of the route selection process
classically implies selecting suitable spatial structures of the trail corridors, like streets or neglected areas to be
transformed. It is preferred that the trail links desired destinations, including parks, community centers, schools
4. and commercial centers,this will encourage residents to use the trail to get where they want to go(Sivam et al.,
2012). Accessibility and proximity are major issues, as the trail should be easy to reach (connected to
pedestrian/public transportation network) and offers full access to all social groups (Cohen et al., 2007; Hess et
al., 2001). Additionally, it is recommended to, include sunny, wind-protected areas for use in the winter and
shaded zones for use in the summer. The trail may accommodate durable and ease of use exercise equipment
with appropriate instructions. The equipment should provide different levels of challenge, opportunities for all
levels of experience, whether the trail users are beginners or are sports athletes (Ocken, 2014). Facilities as
public restrooms along the trails, access to free phones, seating, drinking fountains, wayfinding signs and other
infrastructure will help to increase the frequency and duration of the trail use (Edwards and Tsouros, 2006; New
York City Departments of Design and Construction et al., 2010).
3.2 Social cohesion and safety
Creating social cohesion between different socio-economic and ethnic groups is essential. The
challenge is to take advantage of the various assets offered by a diverse population while respecting their diverse
needs, preferences and culture. Culture, which is usually linked to ethnicity and race, often influences how
specific communities will be active or inactive.The trail design should likewise consider people with disabilities,
for example by constructing the path, entrances and fitness equipment to be compatible with wheelchairs.
Another important aspect is safety, as it is reported that safety is the greatest concern when walking, jogging, in-
line skating or cycling in the city (City of Brampton, 2002). Several studies have found that crime and fear of
the offense are barriers to exercising and being physically active outdoors among adults, especially minority
women, and children (Handy et al., 2002). Therefore, the trail should be designed to maximize safety and
prevent injuries.
3.3Funds, maintenance and management
Funding the trail could be executed through the public sector funding, taxation initiatives, planning and
development opportunities, income-generating opportunities, endowments from pharmaceutical companies,
finally voluntary sector involvement (CABE Space, 2006).Management should be planned and organized to
meet users’ needs. Nevertheless, users themselves should be able to feel responsible for the public spaces they
use. Managing the space is preserving its attractiveness (treating damage, graffiti, etc.), and keeping it clean and
safe. Moreover, managing the activities taking place in the space is rather significant to prohibit conflict or
unwanted behaviors and to ensure the vitality of the trail.
IV. CASE STUDY: TRANSFORMING SECTORS OFTHE NILE RIVER TO FITNESS
TRAILS
Although Cairo city is blessed by the Nile River penetrating its districts, the public space was
underused for a long time. This fact promoted the launch of “Ahl Misr “Promenade, a national project seeking
to connect the crowded Egyptian cities to the river banks and provide outdoor spaces for recreation, exercise and
socialization while preserving the river and upgrading the city's visual image.The project targets different cities;
one of them is Cairo city.In Cairo, the project had witnessed the collaboration of the Ministry of Water
Resources and Irrigation, Nile Research Institute, Cairo Governorate, Specialized Gardens Project, CairoGeneral
Authority For Cleanness & Beautification, Al Ahly Bank, and ECG as an engineering consulting firm.The
development project comprises five phases; the first and second phases are completed. The first phase starts
from Kasr El Nile bridge to 6 October Bridge (0.6km), while the second phase from 6 October Bridge to 15
May bridge (1 km) costing 17 million E.P. The rest of the project is postponed due to financial obstacles [Figure
5].
Figure (5) The phases of the Nile development project
Source: Researcher
4.1 Methods
The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the outcome of “Ahl Misr” Promenade (pros and cons),
using indices from Place Making Model and Inspire East Excellence Framework. The study analyses the vision
5. Nile River: A Fitness Trail Promoting Physical Activity In Cairo City
63
guiding the design, design features, environmental aspects, promenade management, and funding channels.It
compares between the original designs and the implemented version.Furthermore,the study concentrates on
exploring the extent to which the trail has succeeded in offering venues for cycling, walking, running and
stretching for public use. To fulfil such goals, two methods are adopted:
1-Observation of the existing activities performed in the promenade, with particular attention to exercising.
Observation included recording activity types, visitor characteristics (gender, age, groups), time of use and
duration.
2-Survey the Nile bank and sidewalks, recording the trail width, current vegetation, hardscape materials,
furniture, bank design and utilization, and surrounding uses.Secondary data are collected from reports and
previous researches related to the Nile waterfront.
V. RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Vision And Accessibility
Table 1: Local institution vision and accessibility evaluation
Source: Researcher
Factors Positives Negatives
Vision and
implementation
-Political support
-The collaboration between
different ministers and private
institutions
- Starting with vital sectors in the
city
-The proposed vision supported the
active lifestyle
-Removing violations on the
banks (Anchorages)
-The local government did not commit to the
proposed vision, for example, they omitted the
cycle track, vegetation, indirect lighting fixtures,
steps and handicap ramps [Figure 6].
-Community stakeholders did not have the
chance to participate
- The consultant had no authority in the
implementation phase
- No clear vision for the rest of the Nile banks,
especially dealing with violations as parking lots
and restaurants
Accessibility -High accessibility
-Connected to public transportation
-No parking lots
-No safe pedestrian crossing zones, creating a
weak connection to neighborhoods
- Restricted handicap access
Consultant Proposal Implemented
Figure (6) Proposed design for the second sector
Source: (ECG, 2016 and researchers)
Recommendations:
Consider in the development vision of the next phases, the multi-uses that can be accommodated in the
promenade (recreation, fitness, education,etc).
Create a vision for all the river banks, including a fitness trail for each sector [Figure 8], length and design
will depend on the specific features of the sector.
Allow the local community to participate and oblige the implementing authority to comply with certified
designs.
Select the fitness trail location to overlook views and vistas of prominent landmarks, and open spaces, to
enhance the visual experience while exercising.
Design safe pedestrian, cycling crossing zones to connect the trail with perpendicular paths [Figure7].
Provide parking lots for users arriving by private cars.
6. proposed
5.2 Design, social inclusion and the environment
Table 2: Design, social inclusion and the environment evaluation
Source: Researcher
Factors Positives Negatives
Implemented
Design
-The trail can be used for
commuting, recreation and
walking
-The design enhanced the
visual image[Figure 9]
-The project used anti-
vandalism materials and
furniture [Figure 12]
- Omitting cycle lanes
-Hard to reach deep sectors of the trail due to many
stairs
-Special treatment is needed under bridges
-Lack of facilities as water fountains and toilets
-Lack of refreshment kiosks
-Few seats
-No access for handicap and vendors in most of the
sectors
[Figure 10]
-The new promenade is not shaded
- The use of expensive hardscape and furniture
Safety -The trail is separated from
the vehicular traffic
- The trail is lighted
- Lack of natural surveillance due to the low level
of the trial
-No safe pedestrian crossing areas
-No control over female harassment
-Existence of stray dogs
Social inclusion -No restriction on using the
river banks
-Low and medium income
population use the trail for
recreation
-High-income users restrict their utilization in
restaurants and cafes
- Hidden levels of the pathway are used exclusively
by couples
Environment -The participation of the
Ministry of Water Resources
and Irrigation
-Removing debris from the
river banks
-Preserving existing shade
trees
-The dominance of riprap over vegetation, as most
of the proposed trees in the design are cancelled
-There will be a challenge in dealing with the
existence of natural vegetation on the banks,
especially in the Maadi sector [Figure 11]
Figure (8) The proposed sectors to
provide fitness trail in Cairo city
Source: Researcher
Figure (7) The proposed safe crossing to access the trail
Source: Researcher
7. Nile River: A Fitness Trail Promoting Physical Activity In Cairo City
65
Figure (9) Proposed design for the second sector
Source: (ECG, 2016)
Figure (10) The difference between original designs and the implementation
Source: (ECG, 2016 and researcher)
Figure (11) Natural vegetation in undeveloped banks
Source: researcher
8. Figure (12) (Left) old seats, (right): new granite anti-vandalism seats
Source: Researcher
Recommendations:
Redesign the walking trail to include ramps for handicap and vendor carts
Preserve the existing trees and protect as much as possible vegetation in banks, with increasing new
trees for shade.
New designs should emphasis on natural surveillance (the trail should be exposed), avoid creating
hidden zones that prohibit natural surveillance.
Use local durable materials.
Select sections to be transformed into a fitness trail:
Add a cycling lane and separate it from the walking lane and vehicular traffic by planting or
elevated levels.
Add workout stations for stretching exercises. Choose durable materials to tolerate weather
conditions, and vandalism [Figure 13].
Place complicated exercise equipment in local parks adjacent to the trail to ensure maintenance and
supervision. Assure that fitness structures meet the safety and durability standards. Exercise stations
should concentrate on cardio.
Provide toilets, drinking fountains, refreshment kiosks, trash cans, information signing, and bicycle
parking facilities. Toilets should not obstruct the Nile view [Figure 13].
Add paint marks every 200m to help to determine the travelled distance, additionally add signs to
educate users about the use of the fitness equipment and the importance of exercising.
Figure (13) Research Proposal to integrate a fitness trail in the development plan
Source: Researcher
9. Nile River: A Fitness Trail Promoting Physical Activity In Cairo City
67
5.3 Fund and management
Table 3: Fund, management and maintenance evaluation
Source: Researcher
Factors Positives Negatives
Fund -The private sector participated
in funding (Al AhlyBank)
-No sustainable source for financing the future sectors
Management
Security /
-Vendors provide services for
users
-The possibility of outsourcing
private cooperation
-Vendors invasion
-The failure of the assigned private company
(specialized in maintenance and security) to control
vendors
-Female Harassment
-Noisy traffic and music from boats
-No security, personnel or cameras
Maintenance -The possibility of outsourcing
private cooperation
-Assigning the Specialized
Gardens Project to maintain the
promenade
-The failure of the governmental and private sector in
managing and controlling vendors
Figure (14).Vendors occupying the Nile banks
Source: Researcher
Recommendations:
Establish a new department responsible for managing the trial; the new department should comprise
representatives from the Cairo Governorate, donors, specialized management consultants, and NGO’s
to manage and maintain the trail.
Hire a security team or assign law enforcement personnel to establish a sense of safety.
Encourage the private sector participation (hotels, banks) and NGO’s in funding the trail construction
and maintenance.
Exercise stations situated in the parks can generate income if fees are imposed.
Offer advertising panels as a way of generating income (especially pharmaceutical companies).
Encourage hosting health awareness campaigns or public health events.
Organize the vendors as they represent a cultural icon in the area, and they offer services with
reasonable prices.
Add high-quality services to lure high-income users to the place.
Enhance the soundscape in the trial by restricting loud music.
Figure (15) Research proposal for outdoor gem located in parks and vendors in the trail
Source: Researcher
10. VI. CONCLUSION
In light of the mounting scientific evidence demonstrating the impact of active design on physical
activity, this research seeks to investigate reclaiming the Nile river banks as venues where Cairo city dwellers
can recreate and exercise. The research reviewed the current situation of the river bank and the ongoing river
development project“Ahl Misr” Promenade. The study evaluated the first and second phases implemented.The
results confirm that the central dilemma is the vision and absolute authority of the Cairo governorate, which is
the decision maker and the implementing institute. This vision needs to be altered to embrace creative designs
and accept the involvement of other stakeholders in the decision-making process. A national strategy is required
to acknowledge the importance of active lifestyle and the significance of integrating the notion into urban
development plans in Cairo city. Therefore, it is recommended to extend the collaboration to the General
Organization of Physical Planning, Health Ministry and interested private sector to establish a cohesive vision
that incorporates fitness trails all along the river bank, and to evaluate their impact on the city land use, economy
and health. While the private sector aided in funding the second stage, there is still a problem in providing
sustainable funding plans to ensure the continuity of the project. More research is needed to identify the reasons
behind the gap between designs and end products, as to minimize eliminating design components in the
implementation phase. Last of all, the political support which the development project receives is a valuable
opportunity not to be missed, now is the time to revive the Nile banks to create designs that boost the quality of
life and health in the city.
Figure (16) Obstacles facing creating fitness trails in Cairo city
Source: Researcher
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