This document provides information about nickel, including its introduction, ores, extraction, alloys, and properties. It discusses that nickel was first isolated in 1751 and belongs to the transition metals. It has an FCC crystal structure and is both hard and ductile. The document also describes some common nickel alloys like Monels, Inconel 600, and Nichrome, providing their compositions, properties, and applications.

1. NICKEL
Presented By:-
Shefali kandpal( R240215022)
Tejus kumar ( R240213036)

2. Content
1.Introduction to nickel
2.Ores of Nickel
3.Extraction of Nickel
4.Classification of Ni-alloys
5.Some other Nickel alloys

3. Nickel was first isolated and classified as a
chemical element in 1751 by Axel Fredrik
Cronstedt from Sweden

4. Introduction to Nickel
•Belongs to the transitionmetals.
•Hard and ductile
•Crystal structure _ F C C
•Atomic number _ 28
•Atomic weight _ 58.6934
•Density (g/ cm
3 ) _ 8.89
•Melting point (°c) _ 1455
•Boiling point(°c) _ 2913
Note:-
•One of four elements that are magnetic at near or room
temperature
•Curie temperature is 355°c (means it is non-magnetic above this
temperature)

5. Contd……
Properties:-
• Silvery shiny appearance
• High toughness and ductility
• Good high and low temperaturestrength
• High oxidation resistance
• Good corrosion resistance (slow rate of oxidation at room temp.)
• Ferro-magnetic.
Limitations:-
• Not mixed with alloyingelements
• Relatively high cost.

6. • Nickel-copper alloys (Monels)
• Nickel-chromium alloys
• Nickel-base superalloys
Classification of Ni-Alloys

7. • Ni and Cuform complete solid solution.
• Ni-Cu alloy contains (67%Ni and 33%Cu)called Monels or Nicorros
TherearetwotypesofMonels:-
1) Monel Metal:-
• consists of (67%Ni ,33%Cu, 2% Mn and 2.5% Fe )
Properties
• High strength and toughness
• Good weldability
• Excellent corrosion resistance
• Resistant to corrosion in seawater and has high electrical
resistivity ,thus making it useful in the marine industry.
Nickel Copper Alloys (Monels)

8. Applications:-
• Steamturbine blades
(UTS-525MPa & Yield Strength-230MPa)
• High temperature valves
• Centrifugal pump impellors
2) K-Monel:-
• Consistsof (66%Ni ,29%Cu, 2.57%Al ,Mn ,C).
Properties:-
• Non-magnetic
• Al increases strength & hardness.
Applications:-
Pump shafts, springs & valve stemsetc.

9. Nickel ChromiumAlloys
1) Inconel 600:-
•Family of austenitic nickel-chromium- based superalloys.
•Consists of (72%Ni ,14-17%Cr,6-10%Fe,1%Mn,0.5%Cu,0.5%Si,
0.15% C, 0.05% s).
• used at high temperatures.
Properties:-
•High corrosion resistance at hightemperature.
•High strength andworkability.
•Difficult to machine.
Applications:-
•Gas turbine combusters and blades
•Pulp and paper industry
•Soap manufacture

10. 2) Nichrome:-
• consists of (80%Ni ,20%Cr).
Properties:-
• high melting point
• high electrical resistivity
Applications:-
• resistance heating coils
• rocket igniters
• jewellery castingsupports
• ceramic manufacturingindustry