Power point presentation of journalism Hard News And Soft NewsSaboojGanguly
Hard news focuses on recent factual events involving politics, crime, disasters or other high-impact topics reported in an objective, event-oriented manner. Soft news covers more human interest or lifestyle topics like entertainment or less serious crime through a more interpretive, analytical style. Journalism is important as it informs citizens, acts as a bridge between authorities and people, and upholds freedom of expression and democratic values by giving voice to all members of society. News sources can include firsthand accounts, but reporters should cross-check facts from multiple authoritative sources.
This document summarizes a presentation on populism and globalization given by Professor Terry Flew. It discusses the rise of populism in response to economic issues caused by globalization such as inequality. Four potential scenarios for the future relationship between populism and globalization are outlined: 1) a return to the pre-populism status quo, 2) the rise of competing nationalist movements, 3) an era of competing left-wing and right-wing populist movements, or 4) reforms that address economic issues while maintaining global cooperation.
This research proposal examines how Western media, specifically British newspapers, interpreted and portrayed the Arab Spring uprisings of 2011 in the Middle East and North Africa. The proposal will conduct a discourse analysis of 10 articles from The Telegraph, a conservative broadsheet newspaper, and 10 articles from The Mirror, a more liberal tabloid newspaper. The analysis aims to understand how the newspapers construct meaning and shape readers' understanding of the events using language. It is expected that patterns in how the media justify Western values and assert cultural superiority over the East will be revealed. The analysis will provide insight into how social realities are linguistically constructed in the media.
This document summarizes the sociology of news production. It discusses four main perspectives: (1) the social organization of news work and how organizational routines influence news, (2) the political economy perspective of how corporate and state interests shape news, (3) cultural approaches that examine symbolic systems and narratives that construct news, and (4) the gatekeeping model where journalists select stories based on factors like space, interest, and biases. It concludes that news plays a role in constructing social reality and cultures but does not necessarily create democracy on its own.
The widespread assumption that any political change can only come with the assistance of a super power was contradicted when an up-rise in Tunisia toppled a regime that reigned for over twenty-three years. The world was taken aback by these events in a country that “seemed the best in the class: stable, presentably secular, engaged in a steady process of “Economic reform”. Realities proved to be extremely different from the outward carefully drawn image of the country. Despite Tunisia’s positive reputation amongst a myriad of governments, the country became immersed in a political mayhem that remains unsorted to this day. The latest Africa Report refers to “the political infighting” as the main cause for stagnation in economic reform and the primary reason that the European Union (EU) and International Organizations such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) continue to place Tunisia on black lists for terrorism and money laundering. Moreover, the Tunisian Labor Union (UGTT), Tunisia’s strongest Labor Union, is lobbying for more and more strikes against IMF recommendations to the government, making the prime minister’s job to reconcile between the different actors and stakeholders even harder.
The document discusses several key aspects of the sociology of news including:
1. News is a product manufactured by social, economic, and political institutions and practices, and represents a selective representation of reality.
2. While news may distribute information to large audiences, its influence is more cultural than direct causal control over society.
3. The news media both organize audiences and legitimize certain events, sources, readers, and viewers through the selection and framing of content.
The document discusses the recent rise of populism in advanced economies. It provides various definitions of populism from political scientists and economists. Populism is defined as considering society divided into two groups - the "pure people" and the "corrupt elite", with the people as the only legitimate source of political power. The document summarizes data showing a substantial rise in support for populist parties in Europe and other Western societies over the past two decades. It explores possible drivers for this rise, including economic factors like globalization, technological change and the global financial crisis, as well as potential non-economic drivers like cultural backlashes.
This summary analyzes scholarly theories on the influence of Western media on developing nations. Early theories like Modernization Theory praised Western media's potential to aid development. However, Dependency Theory argued Western corporations created dependencies that maintained underdevelopment. Structural Imperialism and Cultural Imperialism described unequal global power structures. More recent theories argue for asymmetrical interdependence and the influence of local entrepreneurs. Ultimately, the dominance of transnational capitalist media corporations shapes global culture by promoting consumerism and individualism to reinforce capitalist ideology and relationships. Reform requires publicly-funded media as an alternative to serve democratic goals.
Power point presentation of journalism Hard News And Soft NewsSaboojGanguly
Hard news focuses on recent factual events involving politics, crime, disasters or other high-impact topics reported in an objective, event-oriented manner. Soft news covers more human interest or lifestyle topics like entertainment or less serious crime through a more interpretive, analytical style. Journalism is important as it informs citizens, acts as a bridge between authorities and people, and upholds freedom of expression and democratic values by giving voice to all members of society. News sources can include firsthand accounts, but reporters should cross-check facts from multiple authoritative sources.
This document summarizes a presentation on populism and globalization given by Professor Terry Flew. It discusses the rise of populism in response to economic issues caused by globalization such as inequality. Four potential scenarios for the future relationship between populism and globalization are outlined: 1) a return to the pre-populism status quo, 2) the rise of competing nationalist movements, 3) an era of competing left-wing and right-wing populist movements, or 4) reforms that address economic issues while maintaining global cooperation.
This research proposal examines how Western media, specifically British newspapers, interpreted and portrayed the Arab Spring uprisings of 2011 in the Middle East and North Africa. The proposal will conduct a discourse analysis of 10 articles from The Telegraph, a conservative broadsheet newspaper, and 10 articles from The Mirror, a more liberal tabloid newspaper. The analysis aims to understand how the newspapers construct meaning and shape readers' understanding of the events using language. It is expected that patterns in how the media justify Western values and assert cultural superiority over the East will be revealed. The analysis will provide insight into how social realities are linguistically constructed in the media.
This document summarizes the sociology of news production. It discusses four main perspectives: (1) the social organization of news work and how organizational routines influence news, (2) the political economy perspective of how corporate and state interests shape news, (3) cultural approaches that examine symbolic systems and narratives that construct news, and (4) the gatekeeping model where journalists select stories based on factors like space, interest, and biases. It concludes that news plays a role in constructing social reality and cultures but does not necessarily create democracy on its own.
The widespread assumption that any political change can only come with the assistance of a super power was contradicted when an up-rise in Tunisia toppled a regime that reigned for over twenty-three years. The world was taken aback by these events in a country that “seemed the best in the class: stable, presentably secular, engaged in a steady process of “Economic reform”. Realities proved to be extremely different from the outward carefully drawn image of the country. Despite Tunisia’s positive reputation amongst a myriad of governments, the country became immersed in a political mayhem that remains unsorted to this day. The latest Africa Report refers to “the political infighting” as the main cause for stagnation in economic reform and the primary reason that the European Union (EU) and International Organizations such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) continue to place Tunisia on black lists for terrorism and money laundering. Moreover, the Tunisian Labor Union (UGTT), Tunisia’s strongest Labor Union, is lobbying for more and more strikes against IMF recommendations to the government, making the prime minister’s job to reconcile between the different actors and stakeholders even harder.
The document discusses several key aspects of the sociology of news including:
1. News is a product manufactured by social, economic, and political institutions and practices, and represents a selective representation of reality.
2. While news may distribute information to large audiences, its influence is more cultural than direct causal control over society.
3. The news media both organize audiences and legitimize certain events, sources, readers, and viewers through the selection and framing of content.
The document discusses the recent rise of populism in advanced economies. It provides various definitions of populism from political scientists and economists. Populism is defined as considering society divided into two groups - the "pure people" and the "corrupt elite", with the people as the only legitimate source of political power. The document summarizes data showing a substantial rise in support for populist parties in Europe and other Western societies over the past two decades. It explores possible drivers for this rise, including economic factors like globalization, technological change and the global financial crisis, as well as potential non-economic drivers like cultural backlashes.
This summary analyzes scholarly theories on the influence of Western media on developing nations. Early theories like Modernization Theory praised Western media's potential to aid development. However, Dependency Theory argued Western corporations created dependencies that maintained underdevelopment. Structural Imperialism and Cultural Imperialism described unequal global power structures. More recent theories argue for asymmetrical interdependence and the influence of local entrepreneurs. Ultimately, the dominance of transnational capitalist media corporations shapes global culture by promoting consumerism and individualism to reinforce capitalist ideology and relationships. Reform requires publicly-funded media as an alternative to serve democratic goals.
Overcoming Barriers: Media in Covering Conflict-Sensitive IssuesDonbassFullAccess
The study examined Ukrainian journalists' values, attitudes, and practices in covering the conflict in eastern Ukraine. Researchers conducted focus groups and interviews with journalists to understand how they view their role in reporting the conflict, their guidelines, and common editorial practices. The study aimed to fill gaps in knowledge about journalists themselves and complement previous analyses of media content. Key findings included journalists' understanding of their role in reconciliation, common guidelines followed, and standards used in conflict reporting. The research provided insight into factors influencing Ukrainian media coverage of the sensitive issues related to the ongoing conflict.
The arab spring and its implications for nigerian national securityOnyinye Chime
Abstract
Demographic changes, growing unemployment, social media penetration, an interplay of religion and politics
provided the combustible mix for the Arab Spring. The Arab Spring has helped generate awareness about quality
of governance, legitimacy and relationship between state and society but is muted as it relates to its effects on
national security in Nigeria. Indeed, from a historical perspective, a direct effect of the Arab Spring on Nigerian
National Security is not obvious. The paper argues that the challenges facing national security in Nigeria is
independent of the Arab Spring but identifies some ripples from the Arab Spring that could create anxious
moments for national security planners in Nigeria.
The document provides historical context on the Arab Spring and its impacts on Egypt. It discusses Egypt's history from the end of the medieval period through Ottoman rule. The Arab Spring began in 2010 in Tunisia and spread through the Middle East and North Africa, toppling authoritarian leaders in Egypt, Libya, Yemen and elsewhere. While some saw it as a movement towards democratization, it ultimately led to political instability and turmoil in Egypt. The military seized power in Egypt which was initially accepted by protesters but later solidified authoritarian rule again under President Sisi. The uprising had significant political and security impacts on Egypt and the region.
A brief discussion about globalization through media imperialism.
Researchers focused their effort on mostly nation-states as primary actors in international relations. The flow of news and entertainment was biased in favor of industrialized countries. Developing nations received scant and prejudicial coverage in Western Media. Emphasis on commercialization of sphere of culture. On the second stage of research in Cultural imperialism, it focused on transnational corporations as the primary actors on international relations ; and on transnational capital flows
The end of cold war as a global framework for ideological, Geopolitical, and Economic competition calls for a rethinking of the analytical categories and paradigms of thought. The nation state is no longer the sale or dominant player since transnational transactions occur on sub national, national, and supranational levels. According to John Tomlinson (1991) Globalization replaced cultural imperialism because it conveys a process with less coherence and direction, which will weaken the cultural unity of all nation -states ,Not only those in the developing world. Globalization has emerged as a key perspective across the humanities and social sciences, a current undoubtedly affecting the discipline of communication.
Globalization of culture has become a conceptual magnet attracting research and theorizing efforts from a variety of disciplines and interdisciplinary formations such as anthropology, comparative literature, cultural studies, communication and media studies, geography, and sociology.
This document analyzes the language used by the media in reporting on Europe's refugee crisis and its impact. It discusses how terms like "migrant" versus "refugee" shape public perceptions, and how right-wing media in the UK have used threatening language focusing on security while left-leaning outlets emphasize humanitarianism. A pivotal moment was photos of drowned Syrian boy Aylan Kurdi, which prompted even hardline papers to shift to more sympathetic coverage. In conclusion, the language media chooses profoundly impacts refugees by influencing how they are viewed and supported.
This document discusses different definitions and perspectives on what constitutes news. It provides a brief history of news reporting from the 18th/19th century revolutionary press to the modern era of 24/7 digital news. It also examines the changing roles of professional journalists versus citizen journalists online. Key themes discussed include the tension between public interest journalism and commercial pressures, as well as debates around objectivity and the blurring lines between news and entertainment.
Right-Wing Populist Parties and the Politicization of ResentmentTuukka Ylä-Anttila
This document summarizes research on right-wing populist parties and their politicization of resentment. It discusses debates around defining populism and examines explanations for the success of right-wing populism. While demand and supply-side factors alone can't fully explain populism's rise, the document argues a combination is most accurate. Specifically, feelings of loss of relative social and economic status among the white working class have increased the resonance of right-wing populist messaging exploiting resentment over perceived threats to traditional ways of life from immigration and liberal elites.
Here is my attempt at matching each story with its potential news values:
Story News values
Another malaria pill scare Expectedness
Famous Nigerian author dies Negativity, Elite People
World leader assassinated Elite Nations or People, Negativity, Unexpectedness
Hurricane in the USA – 12 dead Proximity, Negativity
Famous footballer court case – verdict due Continuity
Town Council outlaws chewing gum on the streets Simplicity
Queen begins tour of Asia Elite Nation or People
Head teacher caught shoplifting Simplicity, Negativity
High unemployment figures released Expectedness
Vicar in 3-in-a-bed romp Simplicity, Negativity
This document discusses theories of voluntary international migration in the post-colonial world and provides examples of migration patterns between Africa and Europe as well as Mexico and the United States. Several economic and social theories are examined for their ability to explain voluntary migration trends, including neoclassical, new economics of labor migration, dual labor market, and world system theories. Reasons for African migration to Europe include economic difficulties in African countries and demand for labor in Europe. Proximity and shared language influence destination countries. Migration between Mexico and the US is influenced strongly by proximity, with Mexico-US migration accounting for a large percentage of total US immigration. Undocumented migration from Mexico to the US remains common.
1) International state-building efforts are failing to achieve their goals of facilitating inter-ethnic cooperation, reconciliation, social and economic development, and building trust in state institutions in places like Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kosovo, Iraq and Afghanistan.
2) Earlier state-building projects after decolonization followed a Keynesian model where the state played a central role in promoting development, welfare, and social integration. However, contemporary state-building promotes a neoliberal model that contributes to social and spatial fragmentation rather than reconciliation.
3) Where earlier state-building embodied an aggregate biopolitics focused on population welfare, contemporary state-building embodies a divisive biopolitics through dismantling existing frameworks
The Contemporary World: Globalization of World PoliticsRommel Regala
This course introduces students to the contemporary world by examining the multifaceted phenomenon of globalization. Using the various disciplines of the social sciences, it examines the economic, social, political, technological, and other transformations that have created an increasing awareness of the interconnectedness of peoples and places around the globe. To this end, the course provides an overview of the various debates in global governance, development, and sustainability. Beyond exposing the student to the world outside the Philippines, it seeks to inculcate a sense of global citizenship and goal ethical responsibility.
This document provides an overview of terrorism, including its definition, historical background, causes and conditions that facilitate its start and survival, as well as strategies to curb it. It discusses terrorism in terms of initiating "pull factors" and "push factors" that motivate individuals to engage in terrorism. It also analyzes sustaining conditions like marginalization, identity politics and lack of political empowerment. The document recommends a multidimensional and coordinated long-term approach, including addressing socioeconomic grievances, improving criminal justice systems, and increasing regional/global cooperation to counter terrorism.
Globalization and its_socioal-_political-economic_and_cultural_impacts 2Wild Cato
Globalization has had wide-ranging economic, political, social, and cultural impacts according to the document. Economically, it has increased international trade, investment, and financial flows between nations, but has also increased inequality between rich and poor countries. Politically, it has reduced the sovereignty of nation states and increased the power of supranational organizations. Socially, it has led to both increased women's participation in society but also greater inequality and precarious work conditions. Culturally, it has increased the spread of global culture and civil society while threatening local identities.
Political Myths of the African Great Lakes Regionijtsrd
This document discusses political myths in the African Great Lakes region, which includes the Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi. It begins by reviewing definitions of political myth from various scholars and perspectives. It then discusses the development and role of political myths in the region throughout history, from the pre-colonial period to today. The main points are that political myths are used by politicians and rebels to gain and maintain power, and serve the interests of those holding political and economic power more than the states and nations themselves. Myths help justify failures and inequalities in poorer nations. Understanding political myths is important for comprehending politics and conflicts in the region.
This document provides an overview of war journalism and conflict reporting. It discusses the role of war correspondents in covering conflicts first-hand from dangerous zones. It also covers the history of war journalism from the 1800s onwards and how technologies like film and television changed coverage. Embedded journalism and peace journalism are defined. The importance of disaster journalism, particularly in Nepal, is outlined. Building resilience for journalists covering conflicts and disasters is also addressed.
Though the worst intelligence failure, the USA took maximum advantage of the 9/11 tragedy and embarked on the mission to accomplish the objectives set forth in the infamous neo-con paper, known as the American Century.
America employed all its -military, diplomatic and financial, to wage a war of terror on several countries besides Afghanistan-its starting point.
Whether it was a stellar success or a dismal failure, it has cost the world massively in terms of loss of human lives, financial losses, refugees crises, missed opportunities, and surprisingly, increased global terrorism
This presentation covers all these issues in greater detail
Global Media, Cultural Change and the Transformation of the Local: The Contri...leticiaczanella
Global media products like films, music, and television shows are spread globally but locally re-expressed through processes of hybridization. While symbols and ideologies from global media are interpreted locally, this does not produce a standardized global culture. Examples discussed include the appropriation of Rambo and hip hop in local cultures, and the hybrid identity construction through the global diffusion and local reception of Dallas, Brazilian telenovelas, and Mexican telenovelas. The author argues that the current global media culture is dynamic, differentiated, and pluralized through consumer practices and reception, challenging views of negative cultural consequences of globalization.
1. The document discusses different theories of globalization, including cultural convergence, cultural differentiation, and cultural hybridization.
2. It analyzes the works of several major theorists such as Giddens, Beck, Bauman, and Huntington, who have different perspectives on the impact of globalization on culture.
3. The theories of cultural convergence see globalization as leading to increasing cultural similarity worldwide, while cultural differentiation argues that core cultural differences persist despite global influences.
This document discusses several theories related to the study of population movement and migration. It begins by outlining reasons for studying populations and migration, such as understanding economics, geography, politics, sociology, demography and linguistics. It then examines dimensions of migration study, including within or between nations, voluntary or coerced movement, and push or pull factors. Several sections summarize theories on topics like marriage as migration, the history of families, economic reasons for marrying and having children, and how economic changes have affected modern marriages. The document also provides summaries of several economic migration initiation theories and perpetuation theories.
There is a universal human need to receive and share information. People are willing to kill and risk death for information, and governments battle to control information flows. Journalists regularly risk their lives to report news, with many killed each year, often ordered by government officials. New technologies are changing how information is shared and controlled. The ability to access and spread information freely can empower people and topple oppressive regimes, but some governments severely restrict information to maintain power and control narratives. The fight over information access and flows is ongoing both globally and within nations.
La be project how to overcome stereotypes - background research germanyLampedusaBerlinProject
Lampedusa, Berlin. Travel journal project
Europe for Citizens Program – Strand2: Democratic engagement and civic participation
2.3: Civil Society Project
Project: 577736-CITIZ-1-2016-1-IT-CITIZ-CIV
Partner meeting and conference, 27-29 April 2017, Budapest (Hungary); "How to overcome stereotypes about migrants?"
Contents: Stereotypes that circulate in the "everyday culture" in Germany; Practices for overcoming stereotypes towards migrants
Migration, Remittance and Development in Central AmericaMaria Jensen
This document discusses migration, remittances, and development in Central America. It provides context on migration patterns and the importance of remittances to the economies of Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua. It then outlines several perspectives on how remittances are discussed in relation to development strategies by governments and in development discourses more broadly. This includes how remittances are portrayed as a cost-free national resource but also involve risks and uncertainties for migrants. The document aims to provide a more nuanced understanding of remittances that considers both economic and social factors.
Overcoming Barriers: Media in Covering Conflict-Sensitive IssuesDonbassFullAccess
The study examined Ukrainian journalists' values, attitudes, and practices in covering the conflict in eastern Ukraine. Researchers conducted focus groups and interviews with journalists to understand how they view their role in reporting the conflict, their guidelines, and common editorial practices. The study aimed to fill gaps in knowledge about journalists themselves and complement previous analyses of media content. Key findings included journalists' understanding of their role in reconciliation, common guidelines followed, and standards used in conflict reporting. The research provided insight into factors influencing Ukrainian media coverage of the sensitive issues related to the ongoing conflict.
The arab spring and its implications for nigerian national securityOnyinye Chime
Abstract
Demographic changes, growing unemployment, social media penetration, an interplay of religion and politics
provided the combustible mix for the Arab Spring. The Arab Spring has helped generate awareness about quality
of governance, legitimacy and relationship between state and society but is muted as it relates to its effects on
national security in Nigeria. Indeed, from a historical perspective, a direct effect of the Arab Spring on Nigerian
National Security is not obvious. The paper argues that the challenges facing national security in Nigeria is
independent of the Arab Spring but identifies some ripples from the Arab Spring that could create anxious
moments for national security planners in Nigeria.
The document provides historical context on the Arab Spring and its impacts on Egypt. It discusses Egypt's history from the end of the medieval period through Ottoman rule. The Arab Spring began in 2010 in Tunisia and spread through the Middle East and North Africa, toppling authoritarian leaders in Egypt, Libya, Yemen and elsewhere. While some saw it as a movement towards democratization, it ultimately led to political instability and turmoil in Egypt. The military seized power in Egypt which was initially accepted by protesters but later solidified authoritarian rule again under President Sisi. The uprising had significant political and security impacts on Egypt and the region.
A brief discussion about globalization through media imperialism.
Researchers focused their effort on mostly nation-states as primary actors in international relations. The flow of news and entertainment was biased in favor of industrialized countries. Developing nations received scant and prejudicial coverage in Western Media. Emphasis on commercialization of sphere of culture. On the second stage of research in Cultural imperialism, it focused on transnational corporations as the primary actors on international relations ; and on transnational capital flows
The end of cold war as a global framework for ideological, Geopolitical, and Economic competition calls for a rethinking of the analytical categories and paradigms of thought. The nation state is no longer the sale or dominant player since transnational transactions occur on sub national, national, and supranational levels. According to John Tomlinson (1991) Globalization replaced cultural imperialism because it conveys a process with less coherence and direction, which will weaken the cultural unity of all nation -states ,Not only those in the developing world. Globalization has emerged as a key perspective across the humanities and social sciences, a current undoubtedly affecting the discipline of communication.
Globalization of culture has become a conceptual magnet attracting research and theorizing efforts from a variety of disciplines and interdisciplinary formations such as anthropology, comparative literature, cultural studies, communication and media studies, geography, and sociology.
This document analyzes the language used by the media in reporting on Europe's refugee crisis and its impact. It discusses how terms like "migrant" versus "refugee" shape public perceptions, and how right-wing media in the UK have used threatening language focusing on security while left-leaning outlets emphasize humanitarianism. A pivotal moment was photos of drowned Syrian boy Aylan Kurdi, which prompted even hardline papers to shift to more sympathetic coverage. In conclusion, the language media chooses profoundly impacts refugees by influencing how they are viewed and supported.
This document discusses different definitions and perspectives on what constitutes news. It provides a brief history of news reporting from the 18th/19th century revolutionary press to the modern era of 24/7 digital news. It also examines the changing roles of professional journalists versus citizen journalists online. Key themes discussed include the tension between public interest journalism and commercial pressures, as well as debates around objectivity and the blurring lines between news and entertainment.
Right-Wing Populist Parties and the Politicization of ResentmentTuukka Ylä-Anttila
This document summarizes research on right-wing populist parties and their politicization of resentment. It discusses debates around defining populism and examines explanations for the success of right-wing populism. While demand and supply-side factors alone can't fully explain populism's rise, the document argues a combination is most accurate. Specifically, feelings of loss of relative social and economic status among the white working class have increased the resonance of right-wing populist messaging exploiting resentment over perceived threats to traditional ways of life from immigration and liberal elites.
Here is my attempt at matching each story with its potential news values:
Story News values
Another malaria pill scare Expectedness
Famous Nigerian author dies Negativity, Elite People
World leader assassinated Elite Nations or People, Negativity, Unexpectedness
Hurricane in the USA – 12 dead Proximity, Negativity
Famous footballer court case – verdict due Continuity
Town Council outlaws chewing gum on the streets Simplicity
Queen begins tour of Asia Elite Nation or People
Head teacher caught shoplifting Simplicity, Negativity
High unemployment figures released Expectedness
Vicar in 3-in-a-bed romp Simplicity, Negativity
This document discusses theories of voluntary international migration in the post-colonial world and provides examples of migration patterns between Africa and Europe as well as Mexico and the United States. Several economic and social theories are examined for their ability to explain voluntary migration trends, including neoclassical, new economics of labor migration, dual labor market, and world system theories. Reasons for African migration to Europe include economic difficulties in African countries and demand for labor in Europe. Proximity and shared language influence destination countries. Migration between Mexico and the US is influenced strongly by proximity, with Mexico-US migration accounting for a large percentage of total US immigration. Undocumented migration from Mexico to the US remains common.
1) International state-building efforts are failing to achieve their goals of facilitating inter-ethnic cooperation, reconciliation, social and economic development, and building trust in state institutions in places like Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kosovo, Iraq and Afghanistan.
2) Earlier state-building projects after decolonization followed a Keynesian model where the state played a central role in promoting development, welfare, and social integration. However, contemporary state-building promotes a neoliberal model that contributes to social and spatial fragmentation rather than reconciliation.
3) Where earlier state-building embodied an aggregate biopolitics focused on population welfare, contemporary state-building embodies a divisive biopolitics through dismantling existing frameworks
The Contemporary World: Globalization of World PoliticsRommel Regala
This course introduces students to the contemporary world by examining the multifaceted phenomenon of globalization. Using the various disciplines of the social sciences, it examines the economic, social, political, technological, and other transformations that have created an increasing awareness of the interconnectedness of peoples and places around the globe. To this end, the course provides an overview of the various debates in global governance, development, and sustainability. Beyond exposing the student to the world outside the Philippines, it seeks to inculcate a sense of global citizenship and goal ethical responsibility.
This document provides an overview of terrorism, including its definition, historical background, causes and conditions that facilitate its start and survival, as well as strategies to curb it. It discusses terrorism in terms of initiating "pull factors" and "push factors" that motivate individuals to engage in terrorism. It also analyzes sustaining conditions like marginalization, identity politics and lack of political empowerment. The document recommends a multidimensional and coordinated long-term approach, including addressing socioeconomic grievances, improving criminal justice systems, and increasing regional/global cooperation to counter terrorism.
Globalization and its_socioal-_political-economic_and_cultural_impacts 2Wild Cato
Globalization has had wide-ranging economic, political, social, and cultural impacts according to the document. Economically, it has increased international trade, investment, and financial flows between nations, but has also increased inequality between rich and poor countries. Politically, it has reduced the sovereignty of nation states and increased the power of supranational organizations. Socially, it has led to both increased women's participation in society but also greater inequality and precarious work conditions. Culturally, it has increased the spread of global culture and civil society while threatening local identities.
Political Myths of the African Great Lakes Regionijtsrd
This document discusses political myths in the African Great Lakes region, which includes the Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi. It begins by reviewing definitions of political myth from various scholars and perspectives. It then discusses the development and role of political myths in the region throughout history, from the pre-colonial period to today. The main points are that political myths are used by politicians and rebels to gain and maintain power, and serve the interests of those holding political and economic power more than the states and nations themselves. Myths help justify failures and inequalities in poorer nations. Understanding political myths is important for comprehending politics and conflicts in the region.
This document provides an overview of war journalism and conflict reporting. It discusses the role of war correspondents in covering conflicts first-hand from dangerous zones. It also covers the history of war journalism from the 1800s onwards and how technologies like film and television changed coverage. Embedded journalism and peace journalism are defined. The importance of disaster journalism, particularly in Nepal, is outlined. Building resilience for journalists covering conflicts and disasters is also addressed.
Though the worst intelligence failure, the USA took maximum advantage of the 9/11 tragedy and embarked on the mission to accomplish the objectives set forth in the infamous neo-con paper, known as the American Century.
America employed all its -military, diplomatic and financial, to wage a war of terror on several countries besides Afghanistan-its starting point.
Whether it was a stellar success or a dismal failure, it has cost the world massively in terms of loss of human lives, financial losses, refugees crises, missed opportunities, and surprisingly, increased global terrorism
This presentation covers all these issues in greater detail
Global Media, Cultural Change and the Transformation of the Local: The Contri...leticiaczanella
Global media products like films, music, and television shows are spread globally but locally re-expressed through processes of hybridization. While symbols and ideologies from global media are interpreted locally, this does not produce a standardized global culture. Examples discussed include the appropriation of Rambo and hip hop in local cultures, and the hybrid identity construction through the global diffusion and local reception of Dallas, Brazilian telenovelas, and Mexican telenovelas. The author argues that the current global media culture is dynamic, differentiated, and pluralized through consumer practices and reception, challenging views of negative cultural consequences of globalization.
1. The document discusses different theories of globalization, including cultural convergence, cultural differentiation, and cultural hybridization.
2. It analyzes the works of several major theorists such as Giddens, Beck, Bauman, and Huntington, who have different perspectives on the impact of globalization on culture.
3. The theories of cultural convergence see globalization as leading to increasing cultural similarity worldwide, while cultural differentiation argues that core cultural differences persist despite global influences.
This document discusses several theories related to the study of population movement and migration. It begins by outlining reasons for studying populations and migration, such as understanding economics, geography, politics, sociology, demography and linguistics. It then examines dimensions of migration study, including within or between nations, voluntary or coerced movement, and push or pull factors. Several sections summarize theories on topics like marriage as migration, the history of families, economic reasons for marrying and having children, and how economic changes have affected modern marriages. The document also provides summaries of several economic migration initiation theories and perpetuation theories.
There is a universal human need to receive and share information. People are willing to kill and risk death for information, and governments battle to control information flows. Journalists regularly risk their lives to report news, with many killed each year, often ordered by government officials. New technologies are changing how information is shared and controlled. The ability to access and spread information freely can empower people and topple oppressive regimes, but some governments severely restrict information to maintain power and control narratives. The fight over information access and flows is ongoing both globally and within nations.
La be project how to overcome stereotypes - background research germanyLampedusaBerlinProject
Lampedusa, Berlin. Travel journal project
Europe for Citizens Program – Strand2: Democratic engagement and civic participation
2.3: Civil Society Project
Project: 577736-CITIZ-1-2016-1-IT-CITIZ-CIV
Partner meeting and conference, 27-29 April 2017, Budapest (Hungary); "How to overcome stereotypes about migrants?"
Contents: Stereotypes that circulate in the "everyday culture" in Germany; Practices for overcoming stereotypes towards migrants
Migration, Remittance and Development in Central AmericaMaria Jensen
This document discusses migration, remittances, and development in Central America. It provides context on migration patterns and the importance of remittances to the economies of Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua. It then outlines several perspectives on how remittances are discussed in relation to development strategies by governments and in development discourses more broadly. This includes how remittances are portrayed as a cost-free national resource but also involve risks and uncertainties for migrants. The document aims to provide a more nuanced understanding of remittances that considers both economic and social factors.
Lampedusa, Berlin. Travel journal
Europe for Citizens Program – Strand2: Democratic engagement and civic participation
2.3: Civil Society Project
Project: 577736-CITIZ-1-2016-1-IT-CITIZ-CIV
Partner meeting and conference
27-29 April 2017, Budapest (Hungary)
Results of the panel:
"How to overcome stereotypes about migrants?"
This document discusses the use of propaganda in advertising. It states that propaganda is a type of advertisement that promotes a product by showing how it is better than competitors. Advertisers often use propaganda techniques like glittering generalities and testimonials to sell products. The document provides examples of State Farm and Farmers insurance ads that use propaganda techniques like plain folks appeals in their commercials.
This paper deals with the representation of ethnic minorities in the media,
focusing mainly on the role of the journalist. It approaches news stories through the
prism of the media construction of reality and the cultural concept of representation.
Using critical discourse analysis, the study describes the nature of the social reality
constructed by the TV news series “Where Others Fear to Tread.” The paper reflects
the general attributes of the representation of the Roma minority in the news, pointing
out methods and signs used for emphasizing the stereotypes shared by the majority.
The analysis shows that the media discourse of news stories could potentially confirm
prejudices towards the Roma minority, forming the image of Roma people as essentially maladjusted, dangerous and suspicious individuals.
Terrorist behavior: Terrorists personalities reveal aggressiveness, a degree of flawed self-concept, a tendency to blame and scapegoat others, and a proneness to failure.
1. The document discusses how terrorists use media and the internet for propaganda purposes. Terrorists understand that their acts must be spectacular in order to achieve widespread media coverage and communicate their messages to supporters.
2. The internet in particular has allowed terrorist groups to spread their messages to huge audiences worldwide with very little cost or regulation. Terrorist groups use websites and social media to recruit, fundraise, and share information and resources.
3. The relationship between terrorists and the media is complex and codependent. Terrorists need media coverage to propagate their messages, while the media is attracted to spectacular acts of violence which aid the terrorists' goals. Both sides sometimes attempt to manipulate coverage and messages for their own ends.
The document discusses how the boundaries between news and entertainment have blurred over time. It examines how Jon Stewart's The Daily Show uses satire and comedy to comment on and critique mainstream news, challenging conventions. While still providing political and current event information, the show is not bound by standards of objectivity that traditional journalism aims for. Younger audiences seem to prefer this more irreverent approach to news over straightforward reporting. The blending of humor and news reflects broader changes in media and how information is consumed.
The document discusses how the boundaries between news and entertainment have blurred over time. It examines how Jon Stewart's The Daily Show uses satire and comedy to comment on and critique mainstream news, challenging conventions. While still providing political and current event information, the show is not bound by standards of objectivity that traditional journalism aims for. Younger audiences seem to prefer this style over straightforward news and appreciate being both informed and entertained. The blending of these genres reflects changes in media and how audiences consume information.
Abstract
The history of every art form has critical periods when that form strives towards effects that can easily achieved if the technical norm is changed, that is to say, in a new art form (Enzenberger, 1970). This paper examines the dynamics of news presented in a satirical comedic frame and considers if this new form of fictive entertainment is shaped by our postmodern world. Network news is not the only network program to conceal its symbolic fabrications in naturalistic film. Most movies, television series, and even advertisements present themselves as an unmediated reality. Network news programs are constructed not only from shared ―referential frames‖ and their common symbiotic relationship to established power, but also from the paradigmatic and syntagmatic operations that manufacture the news as narrative discourse (Stam, 2000). The focus of this paper considers Jon Stewart‘s, The Daily Show impact on blurring the boundaries between news and entertainment shaped by societal forces.
The document discusses how the boundaries between news and entertainment have blurred over time. It examines how news programs have incorporated more dramatization and emotional elements to engage audiences, particularly younger audiences. It also explores how shows like The Daily Show challenge conventional notions of objective news reporting by using satire and parody. While The Daily Show presents news information, its host Jon Stewart argues viewers cannot actually get their news from the show on its own due to the comedic framing and selective coverage. Overall, the document analyzes societal forces that have contributed to a blurring of the lines between news and entertainment formats.
The document discusses several topics related to politics and the media, including:
1) Different views on the role and purpose of the media, such as providing what the public wants versus balancing public interests.
2) How journalists and media outlets determine what issues to cover and how to frame them, as well as potential biases.
3) The functions of the media, including serving as a link between government and the public, investigating issues, and acting as a watchdog.
4) How groups and politicians use the media in campaigns and how the media can influence elections.
5) The history and development of different media forms such as print, radio, television, and the internet.
The document discusses the role of media in shaping public opinion on various social and political issues. It states that media plays a crucial role in influencing what issues the public thinks about and how they think about them. By deciding what to report on and how to frame these issues, media can impact public discourse and priorities. Both cultivation theory and agenda-setting theory suggest that media influences perceptions by deciding what information to disseminate and how to present it. While media has the potential to shape opinions, its effects depend on how aware and responsible journalists are.
Vincy Davis discusses the roles and challenges of foreign reporting. A foreign correspondent reports from other countries, while stringers and freelancers contribute individual reports. Major news agencies like Reuters and AP gather information globally and provide it to subscribers. Reporting from conflict zones poses risks, like censorship and safety issues. However, uncovering truths is important. While foreign bureaus have reduced, training local journalists and ensuring their safety could help revive in-depth international coverage.
1) The document summarizes a pamphlet that analyzes public attitudes toward immigration in Britain. It finds that while minorities hold "rejectionist" or "pro-migration" views, most people fall into an "anxious middle" that wants a balanced approach to managing immigration.
2) It argues that pro-migration advocates have failed to connect with the anxious middle by relying on fact-based arguments. Instead, they need messages addressing people's economic anxieties related to immigration in their communities.
3) The document also notes that while migration skeptics are vocal, they have not proposed realistic policies and plans to achieve their goals of much lower immigration levels that could gain broad public support.
Conflict Between The People, Requiring Body And The...Sharon Roberts
This document discusses potential solutions to conflicts that arise during the land acquisition process. It proposes dividing the acquisition process into three stages: pre-acquisition, acquisition, and post-acquisition. The pre-acquisition stage would deal with evaluating the need for acquisition and assessing compensation. The acquisition stage would be the legal transfer of land. The post-acquisition stage would focus on addressing socio-economic and psychological issues from displacement. Dividing the process aims to allow for specialization and address issues at each step.
Internationalisation of media industries and sense of spaceNikos Koulousios
This document argues that the internationalization and conglomeration of media industries does not have a positive effect on our sense of place and belonging. It contends that as media ownership becomes more concentrated, content will become more uniform, potentially threatening diversity and local identities. While international media can foster a global communicative space, without common political and social systems, it will be difficult to establish a shared identity. The trend towards media conglomeration risks the creation of a homogenized global cultural identity driven by profit motives, rather than diversity and local distinction.
This document discusses different types of migration including forced and voluntary migration. It notes that humanitarian organizations have traditionally prioritized assisting refugees fleeing conflict, violence or persecution. However, given the increasing complexity of migration flows, some argue humanitarian organizations should take a more inclusive approach and address the needs of all migrants, regardless of their legal status. The document discusses some of the key needs of migrant populations including basic necessities, healthcare, special protections for women and children, food security and water sanitation, and ensuring their human rights are upheld.
This document discusses the role of media and news agencies in the process of globalization from the 19th century onward. It outlines how advances in communication technologies like the telegraph, undersea cables, satellites, and the internet have facilitated the increasing global flow of information. News agencies that emerged in the 19th century, like Reuters and AFP, helped spread international news and contributed to establishing a global news system, initially expanding alongside European colonialism. While early media was mostly national in scope, globalization in the late 20th century led to greater cross-border cultural and information flows. However, issues around cultural imperialism and the "digital divide" demonstrate that globalization has also increased inequalities in access to media and technologies.
BLOOD ON THE CAMPUS
JNU symbolised citizenship, democracy and freedom, writes noted columnist Shiv Visvanathan, who analyses the reasons why the University has become a political and ideological battleground
Similar to NEWSMAKING PRACTICES IN REFLECTING DIVERSITY AND PROMOTING MIGRANT INTEGRATION THE MEDIVA PROJECT (20)
Presentation by Christian D'Cunha at the 2019 CMPF Summer School for Journalists and Media Practitioners - Covering Political Campaigns in the Age of Data, Algorithms & Artificial Intelligence
This document provides an overview of polls and discusses several key concepts related to interpreting and reporting on polls. It notes that polling error can be expected to be around 2-2.2 percentage points on average and discusses how to identify reliable polls based on factors like the source, sample size, and methodology. It also explains important polling concepts like margins of error, confidence intervals, and how a poll of polls can provide a more accurate picture than any single poll.
Presentation by Luc Steinberg at the 2019 CMPF Summer School for Journalists and Media Practitioners - Covering Political Campaigns in the Age of Data, Algorithms & Artificial Intelligence
Presentation by Ula Furgal at the 2019 CMPF Summer School for Journalists and Media Practitioners - Covering Political Campaigns in the Age of Data, Algorithms & Artificial Intelligence
Presentation by Samantha Bradshaw at the 2019 CMPF Summer School for Journalists and Media Practitioners - Covering Political Campaigns in the Age of Data, Algorithms & Artificial Intelligence
Presentation by Anna Herold at the 2019 CMPF Summer School for Journalists and Media Practitioners - Covering Political Campaigns in the Age of Data, Algorithms & Artificial Intelligence
Presentation by Bernd Holznagel at the 2019 CMPF Summer School for Journalists and Media Practitioners - Covering Political Campaigns in the Age of Data, Algorithms & Artificial Intelligence
Presentation by Damian Tambini at the 2019 CMPF Summer School for Journalists and Media Practitioners - Covering Political Campaigns in the Age of Data, Algorithms & Artificial Intelligence
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A presentation by Pier Luigi Parcu on Artificial Intelligence, elections, media pluralism and media freedom at the European Artificial Intelligence Observatory April 2, 2019
This document discusses media pluralism in Central and Eastern Europe based on a presentation by Dr. Václav Štětka. It finds that many countries in the region have seen declines in media freedom and pluralism in recent years. Common issues include high concentration of media ownership, lack of transparency, political influence over public media, and threats to editorial independence. Countries like Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic are highlighted as having particularly concerning trends, such as political takeovers of public media and attempts to control independent outlets. Overall, illiberal populism is seen as a threat to journalists and trust in news media in the region. The document calls for the EU to do more to protect media pluralism and independence.
This document outlines the program for a conference on monitoring media pluralism in Europe. It discusses the Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM), which has assessed media pluralism in EU countries and others since 2014. The MPM uses a comprehensive questionnaire across four areas and 20 indicators to evaluate 200 variables from primary and secondary sources. It analyzes different types of legacy and digital media. A risk-based approach uses a traffic light system to indicate the level of risk to media pluralism in each country.
1) Economic consolidation in the digital advertising market poses a threat to media plurality as a small number of large tech companies like Google and Facebook dominate online advertising revenue.
2) Technological changes introduced by digital platforms could threaten quality of information by reducing the diversity of news sources and enabling the spread of disinformation.
3) The MPM 2020 project aims to update the existing Media Pluralism Monitor to better assess new digital-age risks to media plurality from factors like social media microtargeting, algorithmic news personalization, and filter bubbles.
UNESCO has developed the Internet Universality Indicators (IUIs) framework to assess national internet development environments. The IUIs are based on principles of Rights, Openness, Accessibility, and Multistakeholder participation. There are 303 indicators across 5 categories and 124 questions. The IUIs were endorsed by UNESCO's International Programme for the Development of Communication in 2018 to be used voluntarily by member states and stakeholders to conduct national internet assessments.
Presentation from Lubos Kuklis of ERGA (European Regulators Group for Audiovisual Media Services).
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This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
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Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
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Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
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NEWSMAKING PRACTICES IN REFLECTING DIVERSITY AND PROMOTING MIGRANT INTEGRATION THE MEDIVA PROJECT
1. NEWSMAKING PRACTICES IN REFLECTING
DIVERSITY AND PROMOTING MIGRANT
INTEGRATION
THE MEDIVA PROJECT
Iryna Ulasiuk
Workshop “Media pluralism and
diversity and Combating Hate
Speech in Europe”,
EUI, 26-27 May 2012
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
2. Immigration, diversity, media
2010:
• 49.7 million foreign born people resided in the EU27
• 2/3s were born outside the EU27
• 1/3 was born in a MS other than MS of her/his
residence.
• the foreign born - nearly 10% of the total EU
population (Eurostat data for 2010)
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
3. Immigration, diversity, media
The media have a role to play in promoting this
diversity and in fighting negative stereotypes.
The media determine what will be news.
The media do not just passively report the news.
They select what is to be covered.
The media directly dictate social and political
attitudes, shape ideas, and incite actions.
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
4. What constitutes news when
migrants are concerned?
1. Migration news is event driven.
2. Migration news is a reaction on what is going on
at the moment
3. Migration news depends on what makes a story
from the newsroom, on the extent to which this
or that piece of news is found ‘meaningful’ by
the editors: ‘If the editor-in-chief or the director
see no interest to it, then it doesn’t “play”’.
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
5. To become news a migration story has
to meet several criteria:
1. It has to be spectacular!
2. Migration news must be interesting, important and of high
visibility, challenging to people and sudden.
3. It must be news that ‘touches’ the society, changes everyday
life and impacts on the overall situation.
4. Migration news has to attract public attention and it must sell
well
5. Migration news tends to objectify certain migrants who fit
certain patterns and portray them through the eyes of a
homogenised ‘national’ type
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
6. Migration ‘good news is bad news
of course’
Economic interests of the media & current political
agenda in many EU countries create a bias pushing
the migrant-related news toward sensationalism:
News on immigrants is sometimes associated with criminal news
or it becomes news when something extraordinary happens…
migrant related news is always only something sensational, both in
positive and negative terms, and not a normal phenomenon
characteristic of our age. (int.64)
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
7. Migration ‘good news is bad news
of course’
1. There is a disproportionate (to their actual
frequency of occurrence or actual importance for
the overall issue of migration and migrant
integration) coverage to events involving migrants
in episodes of crime, violence, conflict, scandal,
scares.
2. Immigrants are often perceived as a bad thing
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
8. Migration ‘good news is bad news
of course’
News when immigrants are concerned can be
anything that is shocking (int.7)
anything that goes along the lines of ‘migrants are
swamping the country’. (8)
an unfair concurrence;
migrants as destabilizers of the labor markers of
the host countries: ‘More unemployed British people
than foreign-born’
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
9. Migration ‘good news is bad news
of course’
1. Immigration is as a security problem
2.Immigration is also an economic problem
3. Immigration is a health threat (e.g. foreigners are
using the health system for free, or Aids as a
disease threat to public health brought by
immigrants)
4. Immigration is ‘the conflict of cultures’ issue.
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
10. Migration ‘good news is bad news
of course’
Local populations blame migrants for taking their
jobs or for jeopardizing their security and welfare.
Many discussions are based on emotions and
false perceptions about migrants that the media
encourage by omitting their voice or the 'other side'
of the story that is normally full of abuses,
desperation, violent acts at the hand of the police
or criminal organisations.
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
11. Migration good news is very GOOD
news!
The coverage of immigrants can be in two extremes:
very negative, tokenistic, and it can be so positive that
it becomes unreal.
Some journalists portray migrants only from a positive
perspective, and often uncritically, without reflecting
“unofficial ordinary discourse” that is going on:
“Any evidence of migrants’ inclusion and integration is touted, is
probably exaggerated or is celebrated, perhaps rightly so, but
perhaps being exaggerated as well. You know, the first black
Major, first child in third level.” (int.33)
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
12. Migration good news is very GOOD
news!
While sincere advocacy of the wellbeing of
immigrants and interest in immigrant lives with
which media reply to alarmism are undoubtedly
positive in themselves caution should be taken not
to simplify complex issues to the level of anecdotal
evidence and not to use these positive instances as
a distraction from pressing social issues.
A balanced view point should be found!
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
13. Perspective of Coverage
The perspective of the coverage is dependent on
the general line of a media outlet and the type of
news at issue (int.8, 60, 67).
If the general line of a media outlet is liberal, critical
towards chauvinism and nationalism (int.19),
oriented on objectivity of the information and
avoids taking antagonistic stance (int.22), then the
media outlet adopts a positive, bridge-building
approach towards migrant issues and problems.
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
14. Migrant News out of the political
agenda.
Topics include an impressive variety of mostly positive news about migrants
such as:
- personal issues (int. 20, 22), - human stories (e.g. a story of granting
citizenship to a sportsman of migrant origin (int.16)), - stories on whatever
people face in their new home country, how things are working out for
them in business terms (int.43); - stories showing how migrants have
naturalized and integrated into the host society (int.36), - stories on
migrants’ accessing social welfare and stories on how migrants are going
through the recession (int.41), - success stories of when immigrant
families have been re-united, stories that focus on the positive
contributions migrants make to society, - stories when the ‘mixing of
different nations’ brings positive results (int. 60), - stories showing the
human side of migration (e.g., showing how people are fleeing conflicts,
i.e., the reasons behind the migration movement) (int.3)
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
15. Challenges
Migration news remains episodic
Migration news becomes an issue for a while but is soon
forgotten
Migration news tends to be sporadic rather than regular.
The surges in coverage of migration news condition the
public and policymakers to think of immigration as a sudden
event (crisis)
Immigration topic must be covered in a more continuous,
consistent and regular way. (e.g. RTE has committed itself to
producing a series of 6-8 programmes annually on
multiculturalism, including migration issue. (int.43) )
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
16. SOURCES OF INFORMATION
News Agencies
The news from a news agency might or might not
be given additional elaboration. If it is minor news
or a brief news update, the news provided by a
news agency remains intact
migrants themselves, migrant communities,
people informed about these groups or
representing them, migrant and civil society
associations, NGOs, human rights/ refugee
organizations
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
17. Problems with the sources
Reluctance/ inability to provide information on the part of migrants
t and reluctance to reveal any information on the part of the official
institutions (int. 21).
The validity of what is said on both sides of the argument (int.52)
Reluctance of migrants to talk, reluctance to talk on the record is
dictated by the specificity of the immigration issue itself.
Our problem is not migrants but the journalists themselves. They are
not properly informed and their minds are full of stereotypes and
cliché and therefore, when they go to cover a theme they face
problems. (int.51)
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
18. Conclusions
oThe ethnic and cultural diversity of European societies is not
properly reflected in the European mass media
o While positive trends do exist, the issues of migration and
integration are incorporated in mass media news-product under the
general conceptualization of a ‘clash of civilisations’.
o The media tend to highlight controversial and conflict aspects of
migration rather than opt for well researched, investigative and
substantial reports of the social contexts of the relevant news
occurrences.
The reasons : the lack of specialised knowledge on migrant
issues, the limited time to collect information, etc.
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
19. Conclusions
oMedia continues to represent immigrants negatively, while
interesting subjects (migrants’ rights) occur much less
frequently
o Even when positive reporting does occur, it tends to be
presented as the ‘exception to the rule’ and reflects
processes of cultural assimilation with migrant individuals
portrayed as successful and socially integrated if their
creativity and achievements can be framed within the
dominant culture
oThe concern that migrant voices are not heard enough
remains.
oMedia outlets do not cover immigration as a topic
continuously. ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
20. Conclusions
There are professionals who do an excellent job. But they are not the
majority.
The media are facing a historical turning point: technological developments
in media and free market competition lead to important structural changes:
more democratisation of the information gathering process and more
participatory, citizen journalism. But: editorial budgets are cut down, the
numbers of professional journalists are being reduced while most media
professionals are converted to part time freelance workers.
There is little investment in training and/or recruitment let alone diversity
awareness training.
The polyphony of the grassroots sources is met by centralised decisions
however as to what is ultimately published, where and when.
.
ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES