Political Control Over Media

•Download as PPT, PDF•

0 likes•501 views

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Presented by CMPF researcher Iva Nenadic at the CMPF conference, Measuring Media Pluralism in Europe - Between Old Risk and New Threats

Government & Nonprofit

Political control over media:
now and next
Monitoring media pluralism in Europe: between
old risks and new threats
Iva Nenadic, CMPF/EUI
7 December 2018

MPM 2017: Political independence area - results

1) State regulation of resources and support to media sector

4) Media and democratic electoral process

4) Media and democratic electoral process
9 countries (BE, BG, DK, FI,
DE, IT, LT, PT, SE) have some
kind of legislation or
guidelines that require
transparency of online
political advertisements.
9 countries (BE, BG, DK, FI,
DE, IT, LT, PT, SE) have some
kind of legislation or
guidelines that require
transparency of online
political advertisements.

5) Independence of PSM governance and funding

Political independence: NEXT
 Use of data analytics and
personalization in political campaigns

This document discusses media pluralism in Central and Eastern Europe based on a presentation by Dr. Václav Štětka. It finds that many countries in the region have seen declines in media freedom and pluralism in recent years. Common issues include high concentration of media ownership, lack of transparency, political influence over public media, and threats to editorial independence. Countries like Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic are highlighted as having particularly concerning trends, such as political takeovers of public media and attempts to control independent outlets. Overall, illiberal populism is seen as a threat to journalists and trust in news media in the region. The document calls for the EU to do more to protect media pluralism and independence.

Measuring Media Pluralism in Europe - Between Old Risk and New Threats

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

This document outlines the program for a conference on monitoring media pluralism in Europe. It discusses the Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM), which has assessed media pluralism in EU countries and others since 2014. The MPM uses a comprehensive questionnaire across four areas and 20 indicators to evaluate 200 variables from primary and secondary sources. It analyzes different types of legacy and digital media. A risk-based approach uses a traffic light system to indicate the level of risk to media pluralism in each country.

Ensuring Media Pluralism and Media Freedom through Data Protection: the new d...

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Media Pluralism Monitor 2017 in EU28, FYRoM, Serbia and Turkey - Key Findings...

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Digital challenges to media pluralism - Urska Umek

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Media Plurality and the Role of Regulators - Lubos Kuklis

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

The Media Pluralism Monitor in EU 28 and Candidate Countries (CMPF)

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Journalism, Democracy, and the New Political Campaigns

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

This document summarizes Election.Watch.EU's social media monitoring efforts for the 2019 European Parliament elections. It monitored Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube from September 1-30 to analyze traffic and topics on party and politician accounts over time, as well as the impact of Facebook advertising. Election.Watch.EU partnered with data science groups and observed in 28 EU member states, making 16 recommendations including regulating political campaigns on social media and platforms providing data access to observers. It found right-wing populist movements successfully used social media and some countries introduced legislation and oversight for online campaigns.

Is the algorithm reliable? The collaboration between technology and humans in...

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

WeGov Generic presentation at the 1st Crossroad Workshop

WeGov project

WeGov participated at the 1st workshop of the Crossroad project (http://crossroad.epu.ntua.gr) entitled State of Play & Visionary Scenario Design Validation Workshop, on the 29th -30th April 2010, in Seville. The Workshop convened experts from several research areas, policy makers and practitioners in order to discuss and validate the results of the first phase of the project, namely the Analysis of the State of Play of Research in the domain of ICT for Governance and Policy Modelling and the Visionary Scenarios designed to explore how governance and policy modelling could develop at the horizon 2030.

Policy Cloud Data Driven - Participatory policies against radicalization

Big Data Value Association

This document outlines a project to develop tools to prevent and counter radicalization through participatory policies. It discusses analyzing data from social media and open datasets to understand radicalization trends and identify risks. The goals are to reduce domestic radicalization, promote security, and encourage citizen engagement with authorities. Functional requirements include entity extraction, sentiment analysis, and risk predictions to generate insights for policymakers. Visualization dashboards will display analyzed data and trends to support policy evaluation and development.

Van dalen van aelst media as political agendasetters crossnationallyArjen Van Dalen

Future Research on Convergence and Social Media

Oles Kulchytskyy

The information about global media discourses on social media regulation is prepared by the team of the COMPACT project (http://compact-media.eu/). COMPACT is a Coordination and Support Action funded European Commission under framework Horizon 2020. The objective of the COMPACT project is to increase awareness (including scientific, political, cultural, legal, economic and technical areas) of the latest technological discoveries among key stakeholders in the context of social media and convergence. The project will offer analyses and road maps of related initiatives. In addition, extensive research on policies and regulatory frameworks in media and content will be developed.

STATE OF THE ART: RESEARCH ON CONVERGENCE AND SOCIAL MEDIA Research Agendas ...

Oles Kulchytskyy

This document summarizes research from over 1,200 academic articles on convergence and social media between 2013-2017. It aims to increase awareness of recent discoveries among stakeholders. The research found the dominant issue was integrating legacy and new media, followed by private vs public roles regarding personal data and protecting minors. Individuals and tech companies have become important news curators, but legacy media still produces most shared news. The document outlines research agendas on convergence types and regulatory issues like personal data, protecting minors, hate speech, and democracy. It concludes with recommending further reading in its full report.

Manufacturing consent and legitimizing austerity: The Greek Media Before And ...

smyrnaios

1) The Greek media landscape underwent extensive liberalization and deregulation in the 1990s and 2000s, leading to a plethoric but precarious system with too many media outlets and journalists. Media ownership was highly concentrated among business tycoons connected to the political and economic establishment. 2) During the economic crisis beginning in 2009, mainstream Greek media failed to adequately investigate corruption, inequality, or warn of the coming catastrophe. Under austerity, the media promoted pro-austerity policies while voices critical of the Memorandum were suppressed. 3) In response, alternative media have emerged online and in print through citizen reporting and crowdfunding to provide diverse voices amid the dogmatic positions of mainstream pro-austerity

Insights Brussels - Oct 2015

MSL

Read the 26th edition of Insights Brussels, our regular alert on key European Union policy developments from our team in Brussels. This issue covers new compelling initiatives related to the European digital market, to energy policies and financial services, all requiring bolder stakeholders’ engagement at the pan-European and national levels. Learn about the latest policy developments with this monthly alert from our team in Brussels. For real-time updates, follow @MSL_Brussels or reach out to us on Twitter @msl_group.

9th TripleHelix: Politicians Twitter network - a case of S. Korea

Han Woo PARK

The document analyzes the Twitter network of 189 Korean politicians in November 2010. It finds that the network has high density and reciprocity due to social pressure for politicians to connect with each other on the platform. It also represents a network of public representation and political support, as the public can see relationships and popular politicians receive more connections. The research results show visualizations of the following/follower and mention networks between politicians on Twitter.

European cohesion policy opens up to open data 2012

A Scuola di OpenCoesione

Territory, identity and citizenship: communicating the EU

Tom De Smedt

This document discusses the development of European identity and EU citizenship, as well as EU communication strategies. It notes that Eurobarometer surveys show European identity and belonging vary across countries and time. Legally, EU citizenship has developed through treaty revisions to complement national citizenship. Historically, EU communication was information from institutions to experts, but since the 1980s, rules require communication around structural funds interventions. With the fall of the Santer Commission in 1999, EU institutions opened to new symmetric communication approaches. Research focuses on a 'European public sphere'.

LeMO project at EBDVF 2018 Vienna

Leveraging Big Data to Manage Transport Operations

This document discusses leveraging big data to manage transport operations from economic and political perspectives. It begins by defining economic activity and political impacts. It then examines the micro-level economic perspective, how big data affects transport sector structure and business models. Potential big data benefits to economic actors are also discussed, including industry breakthrough and business model innovation. Next, the document analyzes big data's political impacts, how economic activity using big data can affect different actors' exercise of power and vice versa. Finally, it addresses leveraging big data to manage transport operations from a legal issues perspective, noting impacts of technical characteristics and multiple actors involved in the data value cycle.

Tdm dechamp colin_open_minted

Jean-François Dechamp

Regional Campaign 2007 / 2nd Place / Informēšanas kampaņa „Par dažādību. Pret...

Baltic PR Awards

The document summarizes the "For Diversity. Against Discrimination" information campaign by the European Commission that aims to inform EU citizens about their rights against discrimination. It describes the goals of the campaign, which include informing society about equal rights regardless of attributes and helping those facing discrimination. Target groups include organizations combating discrimination, those in the employment market, youth, media, and society overall. Various communication channels and activities in Latvia are highlighted, such as participation in community events and a seminar on employee rights. Results noted an increased acknowledgement of discrimination issues in Latvian society and some successful legal cases defending citizens' rights.

Voting advice applications and political marketing

Ioannis Andreadis

Matthes_EPRA_2021.pdf

ChristopherTan121056

Social media has the potential to engage youth in politics but current use may not fulfill this potential. A study of Austrian students found that they hardly use social media for political purposes and see little political content. An analysis of Facebook posts by Austrian politicians and parties found that few directly addressed or mentioned young people, few were participatory in nature asking for comments or shares, and most did not provide reasoned arguments or facts. The questions remain as to whether social media can truly engage youth or serve as a distraction from political issues.

Politics of tweeting, tweeting of politics: The uses of social media by state...

Brenda Moon

Nvvir jong ppt

Judith Möller

This document discusses Facebook as a news source and its societal implications. It presents findings that 42% of Dutch citizens access news online through Facebook. It explores how Facebook personalizes the news experience through filters that can create "filter bubbles" and impact the public agenda. There are also implications for censorship and the role of journalism in an informed society. The document examines challenges in regulating Facebook and social media under existing media laws. It discusses issues of editorial responsibility for user-generated content on platforms.

DUF valimisea langetamise kampaaniast

Gerd Tarand

DUF has campaigned on two levels to lower the voting age: creating debate among young people and within their member organization, and engaging in political lobbying. Their campaign has involved youth hearings in schools and theaters, educational materials, and participation in music festivals to discuss democracy with youngsters. They have also developed legal and statistical background documents, held parliamentary hearings and surveys, and garnered media coverage to lobby politically for lowering the voting age. Going forward, DUF plans to revitalize their campaign with a stronger European focus, public campaign, and emphasis on political lobbying.

MEDx.Care : EU Strategy for Digital Transformation in Cross-Border Healthcare

MEDx eHealthCenter

The document discusses the EU's strategy for digital transformation in cross-border healthcare. It outlines 3 key areas of focus: 1) Citizens' secure access to and sharing of health data across borders through an electronic health record exchange format. 2) Better use of data to promote research, disease prevention, and personalized health and care, including building large genomic datasets. 3) Digital tools to empower citizens and enable person-centered care, such as cross-border healthcare via European Reference Networks. The overall goal is to improve health outcomes via digital transformation and data-sharing while protecting citizens' personal data.

Analysis discourse

Walter Alesci-Chelini

This document provides information about a media study conducted as part of the PIREDEU project. The study involved content analysis of news coverage from television and newspapers from 27 EU member states during the three weeks leading up to the 2009 European Parliament elections. A total of 52,009 news stories were coded by 58 coders at two universities. The goals of the study were to analyze news coverage of the EU and elections, ensure the data could be linked to other PIREDEU studies, and establish an infrastructure for future election studies. The results will be made publicly available.

What's hot

Armin Rabitsch's presentation on the importance of social media in the electi...

Vienna Data Science Group

Is the algorithm reliable? The collaboration between technology and humans in...

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

WeGov Generic presentation at the 1st Crossroad Workshop

WeGov project

Policy Cloud Data Driven - Participatory policies against radicalization

Big Data Value Association

Van dalen van aelst media as political agendasetters crossnationallyArjen Van Dalen

Future Research on Convergence and Social Media

Oles Kulchytskyy

STATE OF THE ART: RESEARCH ON CONVERGENCE AND SOCIAL MEDIA Research Agendas ...

Oles Kulchytskyy

Manufacturing consent and legitimizing austerity: The Greek Media Before And ...

smyrnaios

Insights Brussels - Oct 2015

MSL

9th TripleHelix: Politicians Twitter network - a case of S. Korea

Han Woo PARK

European cohesion policy opens up to open data 2012

A Scuola di OpenCoesione

Territory, identity and citizenship: communicating the EU

Tom De Smedt

LeMO project at EBDVF 2018 Vienna

Leveraging Big Data to Manage Transport Operations

Tdm dechamp colin_open_minted

Jean-François Dechamp

Regional Campaign 2007 / 2nd Place / Informēšanas kampaņa „Par dažādību. Pret...

Baltic PR Awards

What's hot (15)

Armin Rabitsch's presentation on the importance of social media in the electi...

Is the algorithm reliable? The collaboration between technology and humans in...

WeGov Generic presentation at the 1st Crossroad Workshop

Policy Cloud Data Driven - Participatory policies against radicalization

Van dalen van aelst media as political agendasetters crossnationally

Future Research on Convergence and Social Media

STATE OF THE ART: RESEARCH ON CONVERGENCE AND SOCIAL MEDIA Research Agendas ...

Manufacturing consent and legitimizing austerity: The Greek Media Before And ...

Insights Brussels - Oct 2015

9th TripleHelix: Politicians Twitter network - a case of S. Korea

European cohesion policy opens up to open data 2012

Territory, identity and citizenship: communicating the EU

LeMO project at EBDVF 2018 Vienna

Tdm dechamp colin_open_minted

Regional Campaign 2007 / 2nd Place / Informēšanas kampaņa „Par dažādību. Pret...

Similar to Political Control Over Media

Voting advice applications and political marketing

Ioannis Andreadis

Matthes_EPRA_2021.pdf

ChristopherTan121056

Politics of tweeting, tweeting of politics: The uses of social media by state...

Brenda Moon

Nvvir jong ppt

Judith Möller

DUF valimisea langetamise kampaaniast

Gerd Tarand

MEDx.Care : EU Strategy for Digital Transformation in Cross-Border Healthcare

MEDx eHealthCenter

Analysis discourse

Walter Alesci-Chelini

Peter Novotny Ignite Talk Ned Feb 26

MobileActive.org

This document discusses election monitoring and the backlash against it. It provides an overview of the key actors in election observation, including international and domestic observers. It then compares international and domestic observer missions, outlining their respective strengths and limitations. The document outlines common methods of election rigging before, during, and after voting days. It also describes tools used by observers to promote free and fair elections, such as civic education, methodology, and parallel vote tabulations. While the role of domestic observers has increased, the document argues that international election monitoring remains important in some contexts. It concludes by calling for effective cooperation between local and international observers.

Just a question of money? The political use of social media in Hungary

Gábor Polyák

The presentation will describe the sources and main characteristics of political content on social media, as well as the main players. The main point of the presentation is that Fidesz's media strategy, by which it has dominated a large part of the traditional media, is not successful in social media. The top-down logic, backed up by a lot of public money, produces at best a high reach, but does not fit the basic concept of social media. Independent actors critical of government are much more successful in political communication on social media with much less resources.

Matt Stevens - Policy Primer

MattStevens77

EU voert strijd op tegen 'desinformatie'

Thierry Debels

De EU is van plan om 'desinformatie' aan te pakken. Op hun bijeenkomst van 13 en 14 december 2018 riepen de EU-leiders op tot de snelle en gecoördineerde uitvoering van het gezamenlijk actieplan tegen desinformatie dat op 5 december 2018 door de Commissie en de hoge vertegenwoordiger werd gepresenteerd. De ministers bespraken welke onderdelen van het actieplan het dringendst zijn, hoe er samenhang kan worden aangebracht tussen de interne en de externe dimensies, en hoe het grote publiek bewuster kan worden gemaakt van desinformatie.

Verena Grubmüller, Bernhard Krieger, Katharina Götsch – Social Media Analytic...

Danube University Krems, Centre for E-Governance

BLANCHARD & WOJCIK, Exploring the role of online political expression for...

enpolitique.com

This document summarizes a research paper presented at a conference on political communication. The paper examines how French citizens engaged with online political tools and spaces during the 2012 French presidential election. It analyzes whether citizens preferred using tools created by political parties or independent spaces, and what the online political expression meant in terms of offline political participation like voting or political discussions. Preliminary survey results from over 800 French internet users who participated in the election campaign are presented.

The representation of minorities and indigenous peoples in parliament

Dr Lendy Spires

The document discusses parliamentary representation of minorities and indigenous peoples based on a global survey conducted by the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in 2009. Some key findings include: - About 40% of surveyed countries reported using special electoral measures like reserved seats to facilitate minority representation in parliament. Reserved seats were the most commonly used measure. - National rules like electoral systems and political party laws can significantly impact minority groups' ability to gain representation. Many countries restrict the formation of parties along ethnic or religious lines. - Ensuring adequate minority representation in legislatures remains a challenge. Factors like electoral design, social contexts, and minority group characteristics all influence the

Valimisea langetamine Austrias

Gerd Tarand

Carrots or Sticks: The Choice and Impact of EU Democratic Sanctions and Aid

Paulina Pospieszna

Both the provision of democracy aid and the imposition of sanctions are tools to promote democracy. Yet, it is unclear under which conditions states choose to set positive or negative incentives. In order to answer which tool—democracy aid or democratic sanctions—is more effective, one has to analyse the actual form of the provision of aid. Sanctions and democracy aid can also be employed at the same time. The goal of this study is to determine their joint effect on democratization in recipient countries. We argue that sending civil society aid or democracy aid channeled through NGOs and the civil society when sanctions are in place, enhances the effectiveness of sanctions as a democracy promotion tool because the civil society can be empowered to introduce democratic changes in its country—so additionally to the top-down pressure created by sanctions, there is bottom-up pressure exerted by the civil society. Our results suggest that democratic sanctions are more likely to be successful if democracy aid bypasses the government in a target state. Conversely, other forms of aid provision tend to decrease the effectiveness of sanctions. In order to precisely explain the joint impact of positive and negative incentives on democratization, we employ a new comprehensive dataset on economic sanctions for the period between 1989 and 2015 which integrates and updates the Threats and Imposition of Economic Sanctions and the GIGA sanctions data sets, merged with disaggregated OECD aid data and V-Dem as well as PolityIV democracy scores.

Technological aspects of the EP elections 2014

Елена Волковская

The European People's Party (EPP) and the Party of European Socialists (S&D) retained their majority in the European Parliament following the 2014 elections. Turnout declined sharply in some Baltic states. There was an ongoing adoption of American-style online campaigning and canvassing, but complete replication of the US model was constrained by differences in political systems and campaign finance rules. Far-right parties had some success but did not gain significant influence at the EU level. Euroscepticism remained a powerful driver for radical forces. National interests and opposition to EU migration policies were prominent issues, though family values and abortion were not major agenda items. Germany had the most influence in the European Parliament after the elections.

Presentation Tania Soares VII Regional EACD Lisbon Debate 2011

Rui Martins PR & Marketing Strategy

Jornalistic Coverage of Sexual Violence against Children in Brazil

ANDI - Comunicação e Direitos

The document summarizes ANDI's strategy from 2000-2010 to increase media coverage of sexual violence against children in Brazil. Key aspects of the strategy included mobilizing journalists, monitoring media coverage, and building journalist capacity through investigative journalism contests. The strategy resulted in more frequent and higher quality media coverage of the issue, which raised public awareness and influenced policy discussions and responses to the problem. While making progress, challenges remain in fully addressing this complex social issue.

Monitoring report march 2018

SoeSanOo

The document summarizes the findings of a media monitoring project in Myanmar from August 1 to September 15, 2017. It analyzes coverage in television, radio, newspapers and online media. Key findings include: - State media and some private media devoted the most coverage to the government and military, portraying political actors positively. - The National League for Democracy received the most party coverage. - Coverage of the Rohingya crisis in Rakhine State largely reflected the government perspective due to access restrictions. - International organizations accused Myanmar of ethnic cleansing, which the government denied. Some local media included more balanced international reporting.

Similar to Political Control Over Media (20)

Voting advice applications and political marketing

Matthes_EPRA_2021.pdf

Politics of tweeting, tweeting of politics: The uses of social media by state...

Nvvir jong ppt

DUF valimisea langetamise kampaaniast

MEDx.Care : EU Strategy for Digital Transformation in Cross-Border Healthcare

Analysis discourse

Peter Novotny Ignite Talk Ned Feb 26

Just a question of money? The political use of social media in Hungary

Matt Stevens - Policy Primer

EU voert strijd op tegen 'desinformatie'

Verena Grubmüller, Bernhard Krieger, Katharina Götsch – Social Media Analytic...

BLANCHARD & WOJCIK, Exploring the role of online political expression for...

The representation of minorities and indigenous peoples in parliament

Valimisea langetamine Austrias

Carrots or Sticks: The Choice and Impact of EU Democratic Sanctions and Aid

Technological aspects of the EP elections 2014

Presentation Tania Soares VII Regional EACD Lisbon Debate 2011

Jornalistic Coverage of Sexual Violence against Children in Brazil

Monitoring report march 2018

More from Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Digitisation, democracy and the regulation of personal data use for political...

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Polling data to assess election campaigns: Why polling aggregation helps you ...

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

This document provides an overview of polls and discusses several key concepts related to interpreting and reporting on polls. It notes that polling error can be expected to be around 2-2.2 percentage points on average and discusses how to identify reliable polls based on factors like the source, sample size, and methodology. It also explains important polling concepts like margins of error, confidence intervals, and how a poll of polls can provide a more accurate picture than any single poll.

Cryptoparty: encryption and data security for journalists

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Press publishers’right: expanding copyright on news and information on the in...

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Social media manipulation: algorithms, bots and computational propaganda

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Strengthening news media in the digital era: the EU approach

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Governing Communications Online - German Perspective

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Fact-checking in the newsroom: best practices, open questions

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

How to make the perfect citizen: China’s social credit system

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Artificial Intelligence, elections, media pluralism and media freedom

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

New Threats to Media Pluralism in the Digital Age

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

1) Economic consolidation in the digital advertising market poses a threat to media plurality as a small number of large tech companies like Google and Facebook dominate online advertising revenue. 2) Technological changes introduced by digital platforms could threaten quality of information by reducing the diversity of news sources and enabling the spread of disinformation. 3) The MPM 2020 project aims to update the existing Media Pluralism Monitor to better assess new digital-age risks to media plurality from factors like social media microtargeting, algorithmic news personalization, and filter bubbles.

UNESCO's Internet Universality Indicators (IUIs) - Adeline Hulin

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

UNESCO has developed the Internet Universality Indicators (IUIs) framework to assess national internet development environments. The IUIs are based on principles of Rights, Openness, Accessibility, and Multistakeholder participation. There are 303 indicators across 5 categories and 124 questions. The IUIs were endorsed by UNESCO's International Programme for the Development of Communication in 2018 to be used voluntarily by member states and stakeholders to conduct national internet assessments.

Media Pluralism Monitor 2015 #EUItweets

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

The document discusses a case study on using Twitter to disseminate the results of the 2015 Media Pluralism Monitor. It describes sorting 350 relevant contacts by country or area, tweeting them targeted messages about checking the Monitor's results. It also discusses using images in tweets to boost engagement and retweets, and analyzing website visits and newsletter signups from the outreach efforts. The goal was to effectively communicate research findings about media freedom risks across Europe.

Pier Luigi Parcu Media PLuralism Monitor 2014 Presentation

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

This document discusses the pilot implementation of the Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) in 2013-2014. It summarizes the goals of simplifying and updating the MPM, testing it in selected EU member states, and improving it based on the testing. It describes conducting the pilot in 9 countries through a network of local institutions. The results were used to refine the MPM for further testing in 2015 across more countries.

Media Pluralism Monitor 2014: Principles of simplification

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Media Pluralism in Australia – Lessons from ‘Down Under’

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

Dr Sally Young Associate Professor and Reader, School of Social and Political Sciences, The University of Melbourne s.young@unimelb.edu.au For an international audience, Australia is a case-study of what can go wrong in media policy-making and why media ownership concentration – including in the newspaper industry - still matters despite the rise of the internet and online news outlets. more info: http://cmpf.eui.eu/seminars/australia-media-ownership.aspx

The Unbearable Lightness of Media Ownership Transparency

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

This document discusses the importance of transparency in media ownership for democracy. It argues that mandatory reporting requirements are needed to identify the beneficial and ultimate owners of media outlets. Such requirements should apply to broadcast, print, and online media and collect basic information on ownership structure, financial accounts, and interests in other organizations. Media regulators should collect this information and make it publicly available to ensure transparency and prevent undue concentration of media ownership and political influence. Adopting clear rules and standards on ownership transparency is crucial to guarantee media pluralism.

Internet markets and online advertising

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

This document discusses media markets and the internet. It describes media markets as two-sided markets with network externalities. The internet value chain is explained, along with competitive structures in web markets and characteristics like direct, cross-side, and indirect network effects that can lead to winner-take-all outcomes. Online advertising markets are summarized, including concentrations in search and mobile. Traditional and new sources of online information are compared, and business models for online news are outlined.

National security and Freedom of expresion after Wikileaks

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

1) Wikileaks publishes classified documents from anonymous sources to reveal suppressed information, but nations argue this can threaten national security by exposing intelligence operations or strategic data. 2) There is debate around whether Wikileaks' releases serve the public interest or if they can legitimately withhold some information like defense plans or intelligence methods to protect national security. 3) International laws and ethics principles aim to balance security and transparency, but Wikileaks escapes jurisdiction and its releases are limited only by technological not ethical constraints, raising questions about developing global media standards.

Comparing Public Spheres

Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom

This document summarizes a presentation on comparing public spheres. It discusses different models of public spheres, challenges in comparing public spheres across countries, and findings from analyses of several issues in European public spheres. Key findings include that debates are often framed in national rather than European terms, there are both pan-European and nationally-focused public spheres, and media play both dependent and independent roles in shaping public debates. The document outlines areas for further research on the rise of populism and roles of traditional and new media.

More from Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (20)

Digitisation, democracy and the regulation of personal data use for political...

Polling data to assess election campaigns: Why polling aggregation helps you ...

Cryptoparty: encryption and data security for journalists

Press publishers’right: expanding copyright on news and information on the in...

Social media manipulation: algorithms, bots and computational propaganda

Strengthening news media in the digital era: the EU approach

Governing Communications Online - German Perspective

Fact-checking in the newsroom: best practices, open questions

How to make the perfect citizen: China’s social credit system

Artificial Intelligence, elections, media pluralism and media freedom

New Threats to Media Pluralism in the Digital Age

UNESCO's Internet Universality Indicators (IUIs) - Adeline Hulin

Media Pluralism Monitor 2015 #EUItweets

Pier Luigi Parcu Media PLuralism Monitor 2014 Presentation

Media Pluralism Monitor 2014: Principles of simplification

Media Pluralism in Australia – Lessons from ‘Down Under’

The Unbearable Lightness of Media Ownership Transparency

Internet markets and online advertising

National security and Freedom of expresion after Wikileaks

Comparing Public Spheres

Recently uploaded

一比一原版(Adelaide毕业证)阿德莱德大学毕业证如何办理

teeaszt

原件一模一样【微信：95270640】【阿德莱德大学毕业证Adelaide学位证成绩单】【微信：95270640】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。【业务选择办理准则】一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：95270640】文凭即可二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：95270640】即可三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。留信网认证的作用: 1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：95270640】 2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定 3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书 4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方 5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息 6:个人职称评审加20分 7:个人信誉贷款加10分 8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才 → 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！办理阿德莱德大学毕业证毕业证假文凭Adelaide学位证【微信：95270640 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。办理阿德莱德大学毕业证Adelaide学位证毕业证假文凭【微信：95270640 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。校名:学校英文全称授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。办理阿德莱德大学毕业证毕业证假文凭Adelaide学位证【微信：95270640 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。综上所述，办理阿德莱德大学毕业证毕业证假文凭Adelaide学位证【微信：95270640 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。

在线制作(umich毕业证书)美国密歇根大学毕业证学位证书原版一模一样

zvpwjpty

原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(umich毕业证书)美国密歇根大学毕业证学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma 1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700 留信网认证的作用: 1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份 2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定 3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书 4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方 5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息 6:个人职称评审加20分 7:个人信誉贷款加10分 8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才

Health Insurance Coverage for the U.S. Population, 2024 to 2034

Congressional Budget Office

G7 Apulia Leaders Communique, June 2024 (1).pdf

Energy for One World

一比一原版(utas学位证书)澳洲塔斯马尼亚大学毕业证成绩单一模一样

taqyea

永久可查学历认证【微信：A575476】【(utas学位证书)澳洲塔斯马尼亚大学毕业证成绩单Offer】【微信：A575476】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。【业务选择办理准则】一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：A575476】文凭即可二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：A575476】即可三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。留信网认证的作用: 1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份 2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定 3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书 4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方 5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息 6:个人职称评审加20分 7:个人信誉贷款加10分 8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才 → 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！

How To Cultivate Community Affinity Throughout The Generosity Journey

Aggregage

在线办理美国乔治华盛顿大学毕业证（gwu毕业证书）学历学位证书原版一模一样

9d5c8i83

原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国乔治华盛顿大学毕业证（gwu毕业证书）学历学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma 1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700 留信网认证的作用: 1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份 2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定 3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书 4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方 5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息 6:个人职称评审加20分 7:个人信誉贷款加10分 8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才

一比一原版(theauckland毕业证书)新西兰奥克兰大学毕业证成绩单如何办理

odmqk

原版定制【微信:741003700】《(theauckland毕业证书)新西兰奥克兰大学毕业证学位证成绩单》【微信:741003700】成绩单、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。【业务选择办理准则】一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份毕业证【Q微信741003700】文凭即可二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【Q微信741003700】即可三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。留信网认证的作用: 1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份 2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定 3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书 4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方 5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息 6:个人职称评审加20分 7:个人信誉贷款加10分 8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。

UN SDSN Sustainable Development Report 2024

Energy for One World

G7 Apulia Leaders Communique, 14th June 2024

Energy for One World

Bharat Mata - History of Indian culture.pdf

Bharat Mata

GUIA_LEGAL_CHAPTER_6_IMMIGRATION_REGIME.pdf

ProexportColombia1

Spending in the 340B Drug Pricing Program, 2010 to 2021

Congressional Budget Office

History Of Balochistan amazing .pptx / HOB

uzma baloch

在线办理(西班牙UPV毕业证书)瓦伦西亚理工大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样

dj1cx4ex

学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(西班牙UPV毕业证书)瓦伦西亚理工大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。 1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700 【主营项目】一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费) 三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度) 如果您处于以下几种情况： ◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】 ◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到； ◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备； ◇回国时间很长，忘记办理； ◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看； ◇企事业单位必须要求办理的 ◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口 ◇申请留学生创业基金留信网认证的作用: 1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份 2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定 3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书 4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方 5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息 6:个人职称评审加20分 7:个人信誉贷款加10分 8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才

一比一原版英国阿伯丁大学毕业证(AU毕业证书)学历如何办理

afsebu

退学办理文凭【微信号:176555708】【(AU毕业证书)】【微信号:176555708】《成绩单、外壳、offer、真实留信官方学历认证（永久存档/真实可查）》采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路）我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】【业务选择办理准则】一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信号:176555708】文凭即可二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信号:176555708】即可三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。留信网认证的作用: 1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份 2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定 3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书 4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方 5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息 6:个人职称评审加20分 7:个人信誉贷款加10分 8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才留信网服务项目： 1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析） 2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务 3、留学人员区块链存储服务【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！

ColombiaPresentation.pptx macroeconomics

JuanFelipeHerrera4

Milton Keynes Hospital Charity - A guide to leaving a gift in your Will

fundraising4

TRUE BOOK OF LIFE 1.15 OF TRUE JESUS CHRIST

Cheong Man Keong

一比一原版(uoit毕业证书)加拿大安大略理工大学毕业证如何办理

vfefek

原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(uoit毕业证书)加拿大安大略理工大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。 1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700 【主营项目】一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费) 三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度) 如果您处于以下几种情况： ◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】 ◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到； ◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备； ◇回国时间很长，忘记办理； ◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看； ◇企事业单位必须要求办理的 ◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口 ◇申请留学生创业基金留信网认证的作用: 1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份 2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定 3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书 4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方 5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息 6:个人职称评审加20分 7:个人信誉贷款加10分 8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才办理(uoit毕业证书)加拿大安大略理工大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。办理(uoit毕业证书)加拿大安大略理工大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。校名:学校英文全称授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。办理(uoit毕业证书)加拿大安大略理工大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。综上所述，办理(uoit毕业证书)加拿大安大略理工大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。

Recently uploaded (20)

一比一原版(Adelaide毕业证)阿德莱德大学毕业证如何办理

在线制作(umich毕业证书)美国密歇根大学毕业证学位证书原版一模一样

Health Insurance Coverage for the U.S. Population, 2024 to 2034

G7 Apulia Leaders Communique, June 2024 (1).pdf

一比一原版(utas学位证书)澳洲塔斯马尼亚大学毕业证成绩单一模一样

How To Cultivate Community Affinity Throughout The Generosity Journey

在线办理美国乔治华盛顿大学毕业证（gwu毕业证书）学历学位证书原版一模一样

一比一原版(theauckland毕业证书)新西兰奥克兰大学毕业证成绩单如何办理

UN SDSN Sustainable Development Report 2024

G7 Apulia Leaders Communique, 14th June 2024

Bharat Mata - History of Indian culture.pdf

GUIA_LEGAL_CHAPTER_6_IMMIGRATION_REGIME.pdf

Spending in the 340B Drug Pricing Program, 2010 to 2021

History Of Balochistan amazing .pptx / HOB

在线办理(西班牙UPV毕业证书)瓦伦西亚理工大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样

一比一原版英国阿伯丁大学毕业证(AU毕业证书)学历如何办理

ColombiaPresentation.pptx macroeconomics

Milton Keynes Hospital Charity - A guide to leaving a gift in your Will

TRUE BOOK OF LIFE 1.15 OF TRUE JESUS CHRIST

一比一原版(uoit毕业证书)加拿大安大略理工大学毕业证如何办理