Newer modalities in diagnosis of glaucoma
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Digital imaging technologies like confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (CSLO), scanning laser polarimetry (SLP), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) provide objective and reproducible measurements of the optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness to detect and monitor glaucoma. These modalities have improved over the past decade with enhancements like enhanced corneal compensation and spectral domain OCT. Detection of glaucomatous damage relies on progressive changes in neuroretinal rim area, cupping of the optic disc, retinal nerve fiber layer thinning, and trend-based or event-based analyses of measurements over time. While SLP may detect nerve fiber layer damage earlier than OCT, detection of damage requires analysis of changes in measurements rather
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3. Macular ganglion cell complex thickness, which includes the retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, and inner plexiform layer, can also detect early glaucomatous loss
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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging technique that uses light waves to examine ocular structures with micrometer resolution. OCT works similarly to ultrasound but uses light instead of sound. By analyzing reflected light waves, an OCT can construct a depth profile of tissue structures. OCT provides high-resolution evaluation of retinal layers and pathology. It is useful for diagnosing and monitoring diseases like diabetic retinopathy. OCT imaging involves A-scans that are combined to form B-scans and 3D volumes. Spectral domain OCT has replaced time domain OCT due to improved sensitivity and speed. OCT is useful for classifying and monitoring diabetic macular edema and other retinal diseases.
Oct in glaucoma
1. OCT provides quantitative measurements of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic nerve structure that can detect early glaucomatous damage before visual field loss.
2. RNFL thickness measurements using OCT have high sensitivity and specificity for differentiating glaucomatous from normal eyes. Thinning of the inferior RNFL and average RNFL thickness are best for detecting early to moderate glaucoma.
3. OCT can detect "pre-perimetric glaucoma" by identifying RNFL loss in eyes with normal visual fields, and is useful for monitoring patients with ocular hypertension, asymmetric glaucoma, or those unable to perform visual fields.
SOLIX Essential Brochure
SOLIX Essential is a technology built upon a proven foundation of high-speed Spectral Domain OCT. The SOLIX Essential offers state-of-the-art imaging from the cornea to the choroid with exclusive technology that will change your approach to disease diagnosis and management.
Pentacam demystified 2016
The document discusses corneal topography and tomography using the Pentacam device. It provides information on:
1) The Pentacam uses Scheimpflug imaging principles to capture 25,000 elevation points to create a 3D model of the anterior eye segment, allowing for analysis of the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces as well as pachymetry.
2) Compared to Placido disk-based systems, the Pentacam provides direct elevation data rather than deriving it from curvature, allowing for more accurate determination of corneal shape. It can also measure the entire corneal thickness through pachymetric maps.
3) The Pentacam examination involves capturing Scheimpflug images which are then used to generate
Glaucoma Screening Test By Segmentation of Optical Disc& Cup Segmentation Usi...
Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of blindness and it is becoming even more important considering
the ageing society. Because healing of died retinal nerve fibers is not possible early detection and prevention is
essential. Robust, automated mass-screening will help to extend the symptom-free life of affected patients. We
devised a novel, automated, appearance based glaucoma classification system that does not depend on
segmentation based measurements. Our purely data-driven approach is applicable in large-scale screening
examinations. The proposed segmentation methods have been evaluated in a database of 650 images with optic
disc and optic cup boundaries manually marked by trained professionals. Our expected Experimental results
may be average overlapping error of 9.5% and 24.1% in optic disc and optic cup segmentation, respectively.
Solix brochure
From Optovue, the company that pioneered OCT-A and the acknowledged leader in OCT innovation, SOLIX delivers multiple tools for a new generation of disease management that improves throughput and enables superior patient care. SOLIX features ultra-high-speed scanning for a FullRange field of view that is wide and deep, yet does not sacrifice image clarity and resolution.
Advances in glaucoma-posterior segment evaluation.
Recent diagnostic advances simplified to assist in easy learning with descriptive pictures.Principles of OCT, HRT, CSLO, GDx and interpretation of the same explained with relevant images. The terms ganglion cell complex, glaucoma probabity score and corneal hysteresis explained.
Retinal imaging
Wide field imaging techniques like ultra wide field imaging provide views of the peripheral retina beyond 100 degrees. This allows for better evaluation of pathologies in the retinal periphery. Techniques include non-contact lenses systems like Spectralis and Optos that provide wide field views up to 200 degrees without requiring pupillary dilation or contact lenses. OCT-Angiography is a new technique that uses motion contrast to generate high resolution images of the retinal microvasculature without requiring dyes. It has applications in evaluating diseases like AMD, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. Autofluorescence imaging maps lipofuscin distribution in the retinal pigment epithelium and can detect accumulation associated with various retinal diseases.
Hrt & g dx
Glaucoma is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness. It often has no symptoms in its early stages, so early detection through tests like optical coherence tomography (OCT), scanning laser polarimetry (GDx), and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (HRT) is important. These tests measure the retinal nerve fiber layer and optic nerve head topography to detect glaucomatous changes like cupping and thinning that may not yet be seen on visual fields. GDx uses polarization properties to measure retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, HRT creates 3D topographic images of the optic nerve head, and both can detect damage before visual field loss occurs. Serial tests are also useful for monitoring for progression of gl
oct-ujjval solanki
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses infrared light to generate high-resolution cross-sectional images of the retina and anterior segment of the eye. OCT works by measuring the echo time and intensity of reflected light to create digital representations of tissue structures. There are two main types - time domain OCT and spectral domain OCT. OCT is useful for diagnosing and monitoring many eye conditions, such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. It allows detailed visualization of the retina, optic nerve, macula, and anterior segment structures.
Imaging in glaucoma
This document discusses various imaging modalities used in glaucoma diagnosis, including confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (HRT), scanning laser polarimetry (GDX), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and retinal thickness analyzer (RTA). It describes the basic principles of how each modality works, such as how HRT generates a 3D image of the optic nerve head using laser scans, how GDX measures retinal nerve fiber layer thickness using birefringence, and how OCT obtains cross-sectional retinal images using interferometry. The strengths and limitations of each technique are presented.
Operating an OCT & evaluating normal scan (Optom.Saptarshi Mehta).....
Here you can understand the basic of OCT and how to interpreted a OCT scan. Alteration in retinal layers which shows in OCT, what is the correct terminology to describe them, and how to identify the artifacts which can induce errors in measurement making quantitative data inaccurate. I am trying to include all the essential information in this presentation. I hope, which helps you, for your clinical practice. Thank you.
Optic Nerve Head Evaluation.pptx
The document outlines the anatomy, blood supply, evaluation methods, and appearance of the optic nerve head. It discusses the anatomy in detail, including the components and organization of nerve fibers in the optic nerve head. Evaluation methods covered include clinical examination, structural analysis using slit lamp biomicroscopy, HRT, GDx, OCT, and functional analysis using visual field testing. The normal appearance and variations of structures like the neuroretinal rim, optic cup, and blood vessels are described. Changes in glaucoma like cupping, notching, and rim thinning are also outlined.
Optical/ocular coherence tomography OCT All in one Presentation
age-related macular degeneration (amd), anterior segment, diabetic eye disease., exudative macular degeneration, glaucoma, imaging technique, indications, introduction of oct, macular degeneration (amd) and, michelson interferometry, normal retinal scan, ocular coherence tomography, principle of oct, reflectivity of images, reflectivity patterns of the retinal structures a, report analysis, retina, spectral-domain oct (sdoct)., subretinal neovascular membranes, time-domain oct (tdoct)
Similar to Newer modalities in diagnosis of glaucoma (20)
Glaucoma Screening Test By Segmentation of Optical Disc& Cup Segmentation Usi...
Glaucoma Screening Test By Segmentation of Optical Disc& Cup Segmentation Usi...
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IN GLAUCOMA Presentation.pptx
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IN GLAUCOMA Presentation.pptx
Advances in glaucoma-posterior segment evaluation.
Advances in glaucoma-posterior segment evaluation.
Operating an OCT & evaluating normal scan (Optom.Saptarshi Mehta).....
Operating an OCT & evaluating normal scan (Optom.Saptarshi Mehta).....
Optical/ocular coherence tomography OCT All in one Presentation
Optical/ocular coherence tomography OCT All in one Presentation
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Evolution, types, materials of iol
prepared during lens session
reference :
1) Ophthalmology : Yanoff & Duker : 4th edition.
2) AAO : Section 11 : 2014-2015
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Newer modalities in diagnosis of glaucoma
- 1. Newer modalities in diagnosis of Glaucoma Bipin Bista Resident Ophthalmology National medical College & Teaching Hospital
- 2. Imaging technologies for evaluation of Glaucomatous damage • Digital imaging is indispensable in providing objective and reproducible measurements of the optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layer for detection and monitoring of glaucoma. • Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (CSLO), Scanning Laser Polarimetry (SLP), Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
- 3. CSLO
- 4. COMPARISON • CSLO : Only OD parameters (NR rim area, cup area, Cup-Disc area). • SLP : Circumpapillary RNFL thickness. • OCT : Measurement of RNFL, OD parameters, inner macular thickness. All the imaging technologies have had significant improvements in the hardware and software configuration over past decade.
- 5. Latest generations/High generation • CSLO : Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT); Heidelberg Engineering, GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany • GDx ECC (enhanced corneal compensation; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, California) • Spectral-domain or Fourier-domain OCT
- 6. GDx ECC-Enhanced corneal compensation
- 9. Detection of Glaucomatous Damage • Glaucomatous Optic Disc Damage is characterised by progressive narrowing of the neuroretinal rim , cupping of the OD, and thinning of RNFL. • For measurement of the neuroretinal rim area in CSLO, a reference plane (located 50µm below the mean retinal surface outlined by a manually drawn contour line at the disc margin between 350 & 356 degrees) is adopted to delineate the neuroretinal rim (above the reference plane) and OD (below the reference plane). • Detection of RNFL alone is not alone.
- 10. Detection of Glaucoma Progression • Requires trend-based or event based analyses. • Commercially available algorithms for analysis include the Topographic Change Analysis (TCA) in the HRT (Heidelberg Engineeing) and the Guided Progression Analysis (GPA) in the GDx VCC/ECC (Carl Zeiss Meditec) and Cirrus HD-OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec).
- 11. Summary • In theory, SLP may detect RNFL damage earlier than does OCT since disruption of the axonal microtubules may precede loss of the nerve fiber bundles in glaucoma.
- 12. 24 hour measurement of IOP • Triggerfish contact lens system (Sensimed AG, Lausanne, Switzerland)
- 13. Reference: 1.Glaucoma – Shield Textbook of Glaucoma 6th edition 2.Curbside Consultation in Glaucoma : Steven J. Gedde 3.Myron yanoff and jay s duker4th edition THANK YOU