The document discusses the process of fruit formation after fertilization occurs in flowers. It begins by explaining that once pollination happens in flowers, fertilization must also occur for the development of seeds and fruits. Fertilization involves the fusion of male gametes from pollen with female gametes in the ovule, resulting in the formation of a seed containing an embryo. The ovary of the flower then begins to enlarge and develop into a fruit, protecting and housing the seed. As this process occurs, other floral parts like petals and sepals typically shrivel and fall off. Different fruits have various structures and seed arrangements adapted for seed dispersal. The key events that mark the transition from flower to fruit are fertilization

1. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Before you begin, see diagram below. Look for theBefore you begin, see diagram below. Look for the
Security WarningSecurity Warning below the ribbon and click thebelow the ribbon and click the
OptionsOptions button. In thebutton. In the Security AlertSecurity Alert box, selectbox, select
““Enable this ContentEnable this Content” and then” and then OKOK..
1

2. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
TIONTION
Module 3Module 3  Unit 7Unit 7  Lesson 6Lesson 6
Integrated ScienceIntegrated Science
FRUIT FORMATIONFRUIT FORMATION

3. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Once pollination has occurred, what else do you
suppose happens? Think about the life cycle
diagram that you saw in a previous lesson; it
showed that a flowering plant produces seeds
which, after being dispersed from the plant, can
germinate to produce new plants.
So what happens between pollination and
germination?
Let’s find out!.
3

4. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
Having completed this lesson, you should be able to:
1. describe the sequence of events that follow pollination.
2.2. relaterelate the structure of fruits to the structure of the
flower from which they were formed.
3.3. identifyidentify and describe a real fruit and distinguish fruits
from seeds.
4.4. statestate the function/s of fruits and describe structures that
help them to perform their functions.
5. show an understanding that all fruit contain seeds by
identify vegetables that are fruits.
4

5. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
1 - From flowers to fruit?1 - From flowers to fruit?
Look back at the first slide. Go on … Take a
good look! Do you notice that the inflorescence
of Barbados Pride shows flower buds, young
and mature flowers then young fruits that are
forming?
How does the plant go from flower buds to
fruits? What processes are involved? Is it the
fruits that produce offspring?

5

6. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
1: From flowers to fruits?1: From flowers to fruits?
Read this statement: “All fruits come from a flower.”
Click to see enlarged photos of mango flowers at >
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ibnuyusuf/809216730/
(NOTE: Mango bears both perfect or bisexual flowers as well as unisexual
flowers.) Use the website picture and the one below of the inflorescence of
Alphonso mangoes to justify the statement.
Look for a mango tree and see if
there are any flowers and
developing fruits to examine with a
hand lens.
Is the statement right?
Bisexual
flower
Petals &
Stamens
have
withered
More
mature
fruits
6

7. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Feedback to QuestionFeedback to Question
“All fruits come from a flower.” Use the website picture and this one of the
inflorescence of Alphonso mangoes to justify the statement.
7
Feedback:
In the website picture, the two most obvious flowers appear to be perfect
or bisexual flowers because stamens can be seen as well as a central
pistil with a round, green ovary. The lower left flower appears to be
unisexual.
In the picture on the previous slide can be seen the flowering shoot with
flowers, some with the pale yellow petals (unisexual flowers) and
several with enlarged green, ovary and only sepals left. There are
also young and larger, more mature fruits, many still with sepals
around the flower/fruit stalk. The various flowers/fruits indicate that
something has caused flowers to change to those whose floral
whorls have fallen off and for their ovaries to enlarge into what
appears to be fruits. So, the inference is that the flowers change
into mango fruits.

8. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
DID YOU KNOW??DID YOU KNOW??
Check this website to read about and watch aCheck this website to read about and watch a
video clip on ‘Mango Health Benefits’ at:video clip on ‘Mango Health Benefits’ at:
http://rajanjolly.hubpages.com/hub/The-Benefits-Of-Mhttp://rajanjolly.hubpages.com/hub/The-Benefits-Of-M
8

9. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
2 - Fertilization in Flowers2 - Fertilization in Flowers
How caused those changes in
the mango flowers?
After pollination, a pollen
tube grows to the micropyle
of an ovule, then the pollen
tube nucleus disinte-grates
and the male gametes enter
the ovule and carry out
fertilization.
9

10. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
2 - Fertilization in flowers2 - Fertilization in flowers
One sperm fuses with the egg
to form a zygote.
The other sperm nucleus fuses
with two central female nuclei,
forming the endosperm which
may store food.
10

11. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
2 - Fertilization in flowers - Fruit formation2 - Fertilization in flowers - Fruit formation
After fertilization, these are the changes thatAfter fertilization, these are the changes that
occur as a result of rapid mitosis:occur as a result of rapid mitosis:
OvaryOvary  FruitFruit
Fertilized OvuleFertilized Ovule  SeedSeed
Surrounding IntegumentsSurrounding Integuments Seed coat or TestaSeed coat or Testa
Egg + 1st SpermEgg + 1st Sperm  ZygoteZygote  Embryo plantEmbryo plant
2 Central nuclei + 2nd Sperm2 Central nuclei + 2nd Sperm  Endosperm = foodEndosperm = food 
possible nutrition of the embryo during germination.possible nutrition of the embryo during germination.
Petals, Sepals, StamensPetals, Sepals, Stamens  shrivel/fall off; sometimesshrivel/fall off; sometimes
sepals persist.sepals persist.
11

12. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
2 - Fertilization in flowers - Fruit2 - Fertilization in flowers - Fruit
formationformation
Look around for evidence of fruit formation after
fertilization. At home, you might find young tomatoes
forming similar to those in the picture below. Look at ackee,
coconut citrus fruits developing. Don’t look only at fruit
trees. Look in your garden at “flowers’’ such as rose,
Hibiscus, ixora bushes, etc.
Describe what you observe in the various stages of
fruit develop-ment shown at > http://tinyurl.com/bmdn27w
When you compare it to the development of
mangoes, do you see a similar pattern going “from
flowers to fruits”?
12

13. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
3 - What is a fruit? What is a seed?3 - What is a fruit? What is a seed?
 A fruit is a plant organ that develops from a
flower after fertilization of ovule/s and which (1)
contains and protects one/several seeds from
damage, then later (2) aids in their dispersal. A fruit
is just like a suitcase that protects your clothes
when you have to travel but can release them when
necessary. In fact, we could call a fruit a “fruitcase”,
couldn’t we, because of its structure and the
functions that it serves?
 The next slide shows the inside of fruits that you
most likely know. Look at the parts. Then, make
sure you also examine a variety of fruits before
going to the next activity on slide 15.
13

14. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
3 - What is a fruit? What is a seed?3 - What is a fruit? What is a seed?
14

15. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
3: Activity 3.1 – Observing and
comparing fruits and seeds
Think carefully about the following questions and write their answers
in your notebook. You can discuss the questions with a
partner/classmate.
Think about some of the fruits you like and eat from time to time.
1.What is inside every fruit that you’ve eaten uncooked?
2.What were the fruit walls like?
3.Name a fruit with a wall that was very different from what you
described above.
4.What is/are the purpose /s of all fruit walls?
5.Are the seeds always found inside the fruit?
6.How many seeds are there in fruits?
7.Are the seeds always in the same spot?
8.Why do different fruits have different numbers of seeds
9.Are fruits always formed above ground where you can see them?
10.If you were to see both a fruit and a seed independently of each
other, not cut open, how would you know the difference/s between
them?
1515
CHECKCHECK

16. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Feedback to Subtopic 3:Feedback to Subtopic 3:
Activity 3.1Activity 3.1
Questions 1 - 5: To answer these questions it’s a good idea to cut open and examine the inside of some actual
fruits. Scroll through the diagrams at this website; they are also quite helpful to answer the questions. >
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/termfr4.htm
1.Inside the fruits is flesh/ pulp plus a seed/ several seeds surrounded by the pulp.
2.Fruit walls vary. In some, three layers can be identified e.g. mango has a skin, flesh
and a hard part around the seed. The outer part of the wall of many fruits that we eat
can be thick and hard to chew and swallow, so they have to be discarded, e.g. guinep,
pear, orange/mango skin, or else it can be soft and edible either when eaten raw or
cooked e.g. grapes/plums/string beans/tomatoes.
3.Answers will vary, but an example might be the spiky wall of a sour sop. The fruit
wall of peanut and some inedible fruits, e.g. Poinciana pod, is dry and brittle and
seems to be just one layer
4.Fruit walls contain/protect the seeds and many assist in seed dispersal.
5.Yes! Sometimes it appears as if sees are on the outside e.g. corn and strawberry. But
corn grains are special fruits whose seed coat and fruit wall is fused together, so the
seed is contained within the fruit. If you look at a strawberry fruit – what appears to be
the seeds, all visible on the outside of the fruit, are also special one-seeded fruits and
what seems like the fruit wall is really the receptacle.
Questions 1., 5., 6. and 7. -- the diagrams at the website given above will be helpful.
1616 Feedback cont’dFeedback cont’dFeedback cont’dFeedback cont’d

17. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Feedback to Questions 6 - 10.Feedback to Questions 6 - 10.
6. The number of seeds within a fruit varies from one large seed in fruits such as mango,
avocado pear, june plum to many seeds e.g. in pepper, tomaroe, water melon,
pomegranates, guava. Click here to see diagrams of a few fruits.
7. No, the position of seeds vary; some are in the centre .g. mango, apple, plum; some
are attached along a side wall e.g. string bean and some seem to be inside their own
compartment e.g. tomato, ackee.
8. The number of seeds in a fruit result from the number of ovules that were originally
present in the ovary of the flower and also on the number that were actually
fertilized. Click open and scroll down to the illustration of the tomato half flower and
half fruit at .
 http://tinyurl.com/cejk8en OR click >
 http://forums.gardenweb.com/forums/load/flgard/msg0312280123668.html
Look at the number of seeds there are in the tomato fruit. Do you see that they correspond to the
amount of ovules that were inside the ovary of the flower? Can you imagine how many pollen tubes
must have grown down the style of this flower to carry male gametes to all of the ovules?
 9. Click here to go to DID U KNOW? on slide 14…. You might be surprised!
10. The fruit has two scars at opposite sides -- one scar where the stigma withered and
fell off from the ovary and another scar where the ovary was attached to the
receptacle. Sometimes the remains of the sepals can be seen on the fruit. The seed
has only one scar where it had been attached to the placenta of the fruit wall. This
scar is called the hilum. Click > http://theseedsite.co.uk/seedparts.html
1717 NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION

18. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
3. What is a fruit?3. What is a fruit?
What is a seed?What is a seed?
 A seed is a fertilized ovule that contains a plant
embryo protected by a seed coat or testa until it is
ready to grow into a new plant.
 A seed also contains its own food supply for the
embryo, ‘packaged’ either as an endosperm or in
one or two cotyledon/s .
 This makes many seeds such as corn, rice, wheat,
peas/beans, sunflower seeds and various nuts
edible to animals including humans.
 Seeds come in various sizes, shapes, colors and
surface textures, because they come from different
flowers.
18

19. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Subtopic 3: What is a fruit?Subtopic 3: What is a fruit?
What is a seed?What is a seed?
 From the fruits you’ve both eaten and examined
and the various diagrams, you no know that the
fruit has a quite substantial wall. It has three layers
and quite often the outer layer becomes quite
tough, sometimes dry and with burrs/hooks on it.
 It is the middle layer in which food is usually stored,
so it becomes quite fleshy and/or juicy and is known
as the pulp.
 The inner layer can be quite hard – known as the
‘stone’.
 Inside of these layers we find the seed, well
protected by the wall!
19

20. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
DID YOU KNOW?DID YOU KNOW?
 Do you like peanuts? Ital? Salted? Where do you think they
develop? Click and look at the illustration at this website …
you might be surprised!
http://www.infovisual.info/01/037_en.html
 Quick … Name the fruit that’s in Jamaica’s National Dish?
 ‘A fruit’ you ask? You don’t know? Can’t recall?
 Other Caribbean people do not eat it and wonder how
Jamaicans eat it. But many visitors consider it exotic
 Check the site below to see “10 of the World’s Most Exotic
Fruits” Again, you just might be surprised!
http://happypuppy.hubpages.com/hub/Ten-of-the-Worlds-
Most-Exotic-Fruits-How-many-have-you-seen-or-tasted
20

21. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Subtopic 4: Fruits and SeedSubtopic 4: Fruits and Seed
DispersalDispersal
Fruits have colourful skin and flesh which also
have very enticing flavours and, in addition
provide nutrients for many animals.
What is the purpose of those properties of
fruits?
2121
CHECKCHECK

22. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Feedback to Subtopic 4:Feedback to Subtopic 4:
Activity 4.1Activity 4.1
 Question : Fruits have colourful skin and flesh which also have very
enticing flavours and, in addition provide nutrients for many
animals.
 What is the purpose of those properties of fruits?
 Feedback:
To help you to find the correct answer, first, think and answer
these questions:
1. Does the skin, rind or fruit wall in general help the seeds to be
dispersed? How?
2. Does the size and shape of the “fruitcase” assist seeds in getting to
their destination? If so, how?
3. Almost everyone loves mangoes and many other fruits, too,
because of their sweet taste or unusual flavour and texture as well
as their nutrient value. Does the fact that the flesh of mangoes,
grapes or various other fruits ‘taste good’ help disperse the seeds?
Explain based on your own experiences or activities.
2222
CHECKCHECK

23. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Feedback to Subtopic 4:Feedback to Subtopic 4:
Activity 4.1 – Seed DispersalActivity 4.1 – Seed Dispersal
1. and 3. Yes! The fact that some fruits turn
from green todevelop their very colourful
skin/fruit wall make them stand out and so are
highly attractive to humans and many other
animals. The colourful skin usually also signal
that they store delicious nutrients and often
they have an enticing smaell as they ripen. So,
they will be selected to be eaten and their
seeds either spit out, defaecated or thrown
away and in so doing, they disperse the seeds.
23

24. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Feedback to Subtopic 4:Feedback to Subtopic 4:
Activity 4.1 - Seed dispersalActivity 4.1 - Seed dispersal
 Some fruits such
as those from the
milkweed (Left) or
coral bean tree
(Right), shown
above, have lines of
weakness in the
fruit wall that allow
them to dehisce
(burst open) and
release seeds,
causing dispersal.
24

25. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Subtopic 4: Activity 4.1Subtopic 4: Activity 4.1
- Seed dispersal- Seed dispersal
The wall of some fruits
grow burrs or hooks
---appendages which allow
them to stick to the bodies
or clothing of animals and
be dispersed elsewhere.
25

26. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Feedback to Subtopic 4: Activity 4.1Feedback to Subtopic 4: Activity 4.1
- Seed dispersal- Seed dispersal
 Coconut fruits have air trapped among the fibres ofCoconut fruits have air trapped among the fibres of
its walls and this gives them bouyancy so when theyits walls and this gives them bouyancy so when they
fall into water they float for miles and the seeds arefall into water they float for miles and the seeds are
dispersed far from parent plants.dispersed far from parent plants.
26

27. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Feedback to Activity 4.1
- Seed dispersal
2. How many times have you bought
a bunch of guineps and as you went
about doing whatever, you picked
off one, peeled off the leathery,
green fruit wall, sucked the tangy,
creamy pulp (testa!) then threw
away the seed. Ok! Perhaps you
don’t like guineps, so you might
have done that with grapes, cherries
or coolie plums. They’re small so it’s
easy to carry a large bunch quite
easily! Right?
So, because of the small fruit size it’s
quite easy for us to be agents of
dispersal for many seeds.
Birds can also pick up small
grass seeds and these small
fruits can stick to furry
animals as well. So the small
size of some fruits assist their
dispersal.
27

28. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
How does the fruit aidHow does the fruit aid
dispersal?dispersal?
 We saw that flower structure and theirWe saw that flower structure and their
special characteristics adapt flowers forspecial characteristics adapt flowers for
pollinators to visit and for pollination to occur.pollinators to visit and for pollination to occur.
So too, after fertilization, all the structuresSo too, after fertilization, all the structures
that develop into the “fruitcase” adapt themthat develop into the “fruitcase” adapt them
for their second main function – dispersal offor their second main function – dispersal of
the seed/s so they can find suitable habitat inthe seed/s so they can find suitable habitat in
which to germinate and continue the specieswhich to germinate and continue the species
28

29. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL - Fruit or- Fruit or
Vegetable?Vegetable?
Drag and Drop each food into the correct place in the Venn Diagram:
artichoke, breadfruit, cauliflower, carrot, cucumber, garden egg, green banana, guava,
lettuce, melon, naseberry, okra, plaintain, pumpkin, string bean, tamarind, tangerine,
29

30. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
Feedback to Question:Feedback to Question: Drag and DropDrag and Drop each food into the correcteach food into the correct
place in the Venn Diagram:place in the Venn Diagram:
artichoke, breadfruit, cauliflower, carrot, cucumber, garden egg,artichoke, breadfruit, cauliflower, carrot, cucumber, garden egg,
green banana, guava, lettuce, melon, naseberry, okra, plaintain,green banana, guava, lettuce, melon, naseberry, okra, plaintain,
pumpkin, string beanpumpkin, string bean,, tamarindtamarind,, tangerine,tangerine,
3030
In left circle titled Vegetables = artichoke, cauliflower, carrot, lettuce.
In right circle titled Fruits = breadfruit, guava, melon, naseberry, tamarind, tangerine.
In overlap area, Vegetables that are really Fruits = cucumber, garden egg, green banana, okra,
pumpkin, string bean.
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL - Fruit or Vegetable?- Fruit or Vegetable?

31. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
SUMMARYSUMMARY
 1. Click and1. Click and watchwatch this video to take athis video to take a
backward look at what goes on in flowers asbackward look at what goes on in flowers as
part of the life process called sexualpart of the life process called sexual
reproduction and growth in plants..reproduction and growth in plants..
 http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?
v=zX7a67634c734659570d7845&t=Pollinationv=zX7a67634c734659570d7845&t=Pollination
 2. If there’s anything so far, about which2. If there’s anything so far, about which
you’re still uncertain, now would be a goodyou’re still uncertain, now would be a good
time to ask your teacher to explain it again!time to ask your teacher to explain it again!
31

32. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
From Flowers to
Fruits?
From Flowers to
Fruits?
Fertilization in
Flowers
Fertilization in
Flowers
THINK & TELLTHINK & TELL
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
Fruit and Seed
Dispersal
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
What is a Fruit?
What is a Seed?
End of PresentationEnd of Presentation
You have reached the end of the Power pointYou have reached the end of the Power point
slide presentation.slide presentation.
If you wish to review any part of this lesson, go toIf you wish to review any part of this lesson, go to
the first slide and click on the subtopic.the first slide and click on the subtopic.
If you have finished viewing the lesson, click theIf you have finished viewing the lesson, click the
CloseClose (X) button.(X) button.
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