The document summarizes a talk given by James Lawley on the topic of neuroscience myths, metaphors, and marketing. Some key points made in the talk include distinguishing quality neuroscience research from overblown claims, conceptual problems with fMRI studies including poor replication and the difficulty of linking brain activation to specific functions, and the need for skepticism of neuroscience claims reported outside of peer-reviewed research.
Let’s master the digital toolkit to harness lifelong neuroplasticitySharpBrains
Four leading pioneers of applied neuroplasticity helped us navigate best practices to harness most promising non-invasive neurotechnologies, such as cognitive training, mindfulness apps, EEG and virtual/ augmented reality.
--Chair: Linda Raines, CEO of the Mental Health Association of Maryland
--Dr. Michael Merzenich, winner of the 2016 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience
--Dr. Judson Brewer, Founder & Research Lead of Claritas Mindsciences
--Tan Le, CEO of Emotiv
--Dr. Andrea Serino, Head of Neuroscience at MindMaze
Learn more at sharpbrains.com
How can we harness the Human Brain Project to maximize its future health a...SharpBrains
In early 2013, the European Union selected the Human Brain Project, coordinated by Lausanne’s Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), as the recipient of over 1 billion euros/ 1.3 billion dollars over the next ten years. How can the research agenda of this major initiative, and closely related ones, be organized and augmented with partnerships with the private sector and cross-sector stakeholders? How can we start building brain heath innovation platforms and delivery systems at the intersection of neuroscience, IT, and engineering?
- Chair: Hilal Lashuel, Associate Professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology-Lausanne (EPFL), YGL Class of 2012
- Sean Hill, co-Director of the Blue Brain Project and co-Director of Neuroinformatics in the Human Brain Project (HBP) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology-Lausanne (EPFL)
This session took place at the 2013 SharpBrains Virtual Summit: http://sharpbrains.com/summit-2013/agenda/
Teaching Techniques: Neurotechnologies the way of the future (Stotler, 2019)Jacob Stotler
Presenting alternative to drugs from nuerotechnologies and teaching about clinical use of neurothreapy and therapeutic effectiveness of biological aspects of the use of clinical technologies.
15 Trends In Neurotechnologies That Will Change The WorldNikita Lukianets
Below are technologies related to neuro and cognitive under three key areas of accelerating change: Machine Learning & Neural Network Computing, Extended Cognition and Neural Interfaces. Neural network computing will lead to improvements in computer vision and analysis, such as detecting emotions and moods, which may have safety and security applications. Extended cognition involves more direct connection to people's brains, allowing mood, thought patterns and information to be altered in the brain. Neural interfaces get information out of people's brains more efficiently, ultimately allowing a machine-enabled form of telepathy. This presentation covers Michell Zappa research from Policy Horizons Canada
Zombies or Cyborgs: is Facebook Eating Your Brain?guestcf1e8d8
While some present the dawn of the social web as a doomsday, we believe that social media technologies represent a secondary revolution to that described above by cyborg cognition theorist Andy Clark. Trapped within this debate lies the brain; recent advances in the neurosciences have thrown open our concept of the brain, revealing a neural substrate that is highly flexible and plastic (Green and Bavelier 2008). This phenomenal level of plasticity likely underpins much of what separates us from the animal kingdom, through a profound enhancement of our ability to use new technologies and their cultural co-products (Clark and Chalmers 1998; Schoenemann, et al. 2005; Shaw, et al. 2006). Yet many fear that this plasticity represents a precise threat to our cognitive stability in light of the technological invasion of Twitter-like websites. By investigating how the brain changes as we undergo profound self alteration via digital meditation, we can begin to unravel the biological mysteries of plasticity that underpin a vast array of issues in the humanities and social sciences.
qEEG AND Neurofeedback in mTBI -European Neuro Convention 2017Derek Jones
So called Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) has been highlighted particularly in relation to head injuries as it is hard to quantify the severity of the injury and predict the likelihood of significant long term consequences. Whilst this has been in the news in relation to professional sport it is a significant clinical issue for the population at large. Diagnostic imaging has typically not proved reliable in identifying mTBI. We have known for a very long time that the EEG signal reflects the collective electrical activity of neurons firing in the brain even if the functional implications were not understood. Recent work with so called qEEG (Quantitative EEG) is showing promise as a way to correctly discriminate the brain injured person from ‘normals’. This presentation will look at some recent research in this area and the approaches to signal processing that make this area promising.
Open science resources for `Big Data' Analyses of the human connectomeCameron Craddock
Neuroimaging has become a `Big Data' pursuit that requires very large datasets and high throughput computational tools. In this talk I will highlight many open science resources for acquiring the necessary data. This is from a lecture that I gave in 2015 at the USC Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute.
Consciousness, Graph theory and brain network tsc 2017Nir Lahav
How does our brain create consciousness?
It's a great mystery!
New research published in New Journal of Physics tries to find the "conscious network" in our cortex.
They decomposed the structural layers of our cortical network to different hierarchies enabling to identify hierarchy of data integration in the cortex and the network’s nucleus. This nucleus is the most connected area in the network, from which our consciousness could emerge.
the original article in New Journal of Physics:
"K-shell decomposition reveals hierarchical cortical organization of the human brain"
by: Nir Lahav, Baruch Ksherim, Eti Ben-Simon, Adi Maron-Katz, Reuven Cohen and Shlomo Havlin (from Bar Ilan university and Tel Aviv university, Israel):
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/18/8/083013/meta;jsessionid=BF44F1E6AEA7A74EAA4C0414FD01D617.c4.iopscience.cld.iop.org?platform=hootsuite
short video:
Where is my mind? physicists look for consciousness in the brain -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k2qVFjzyyxI
Copyrights of the presentation "Consciousness, Graph theory and brain network tsc 2017" by "Nir Lahav":
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Please give credit for this presentattion and for Nir Lahav.
It’s clear why researchers, scientists, inventors and entrepreneurs would be interested in serendipity, but why would psychotherapists? When we think of serendipity, the sensational examples catch the eye: vulcanisation, velcro and viagra for instance. Yet there are many more smaller but no less significant instances of serendipity at the personal level. Although the ‘ah-ha’ moments get all the press, they are only a small part of the serendipity process that Penny Tompkins and I mapped into six stages. We regularly see our clients go through a similar process and supporting them to maximise serendipity is one the most important parts of our work.
3 techniques for high quality communication on your agile teamsAndrea Chiou
This is deck I used at AgileDC conference, Oct 21, 2014. I've altered slightly from what was handed out, based on some feedback I got (in the Clean Feedback forms).
If you are interested in more in depth, come to my 3 hour workshop on Jan 30, 2015
http://mafn.org/event-1724379
Many thanks to Caitlin Walker of Training Attention who developed these Systemic Modelling techniques - and to all who contribute to disseminating the work of David Grove via Clean Language.
For training, please see opportunities here: http://www.cleanlearning.co.uk/ if you are in the UK.
For additional online resources and book recommendations on this topic, you can visit this page: http://adaptivecollaboration.com/books-i-recommend/
Let’s master the digital toolkit to harness lifelong neuroplasticitySharpBrains
Four leading pioneers of applied neuroplasticity helped us navigate best practices to harness most promising non-invasive neurotechnologies, such as cognitive training, mindfulness apps, EEG and virtual/ augmented reality.
--Chair: Linda Raines, CEO of the Mental Health Association of Maryland
--Dr. Michael Merzenich, winner of the 2016 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience
--Dr. Judson Brewer, Founder & Research Lead of Claritas Mindsciences
--Tan Le, CEO of Emotiv
--Dr. Andrea Serino, Head of Neuroscience at MindMaze
Learn more at sharpbrains.com
How can we harness the Human Brain Project to maximize its future health a...SharpBrains
In early 2013, the European Union selected the Human Brain Project, coordinated by Lausanne’s Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), as the recipient of over 1 billion euros/ 1.3 billion dollars over the next ten years. How can the research agenda of this major initiative, and closely related ones, be organized and augmented with partnerships with the private sector and cross-sector stakeholders? How can we start building brain heath innovation platforms and delivery systems at the intersection of neuroscience, IT, and engineering?
- Chair: Hilal Lashuel, Associate Professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology-Lausanne (EPFL), YGL Class of 2012
- Sean Hill, co-Director of the Blue Brain Project and co-Director of Neuroinformatics in the Human Brain Project (HBP) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology-Lausanne (EPFL)
This session took place at the 2013 SharpBrains Virtual Summit: http://sharpbrains.com/summit-2013/agenda/
Teaching Techniques: Neurotechnologies the way of the future (Stotler, 2019)Jacob Stotler
Presenting alternative to drugs from nuerotechnologies and teaching about clinical use of neurothreapy and therapeutic effectiveness of biological aspects of the use of clinical technologies.
15 Trends In Neurotechnologies That Will Change The WorldNikita Lukianets
Below are technologies related to neuro and cognitive under three key areas of accelerating change: Machine Learning & Neural Network Computing, Extended Cognition and Neural Interfaces. Neural network computing will lead to improvements in computer vision and analysis, such as detecting emotions and moods, which may have safety and security applications. Extended cognition involves more direct connection to people's brains, allowing mood, thought patterns and information to be altered in the brain. Neural interfaces get information out of people's brains more efficiently, ultimately allowing a machine-enabled form of telepathy. This presentation covers Michell Zappa research from Policy Horizons Canada
Zombies or Cyborgs: is Facebook Eating Your Brain?guestcf1e8d8
While some present the dawn of the social web as a doomsday, we believe that social media technologies represent a secondary revolution to that described above by cyborg cognition theorist Andy Clark. Trapped within this debate lies the brain; recent advances in the neurosciences have thrown open our concept of the brain, revealing a neural substrate that is highly flexible and plastic (Green and Bavelier 2008). This phenomenal level of plasticity likely underpins much of what separates us from the animal kingdom, through a profound enhancement of our ability to use new technologies and their cultural co-products (Clark and Chalmers 1998; Schoenemann, et al. 2005; Shaw, et al. 2006). Yet many fear that this plasticity represents a precise threat to our cognitive stability in light of the technological invasion of Twitter-like websites. By investigating how the brain changes as we undergo profound self alteration via digital meditation, we can begin to unravel the biological mysteries of plasticity that underpin a vast array of issues in the humanities and social sciences.
qEEG AND Neurofeedback in mTBI -European Neuro Convention 2017Derek Jones
So called Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) has been highlighted particularly in relation to head injuries as it is hard to quantify the severity of the injury and predict the likelihood of significant long term consequences. Whilst this has been in the news in relation to professional sport it is a significant clinical issue for the population at large. Diagnostic imaging has typically not proved reliable in identifying mTBI. We have known for a very long time that the EEG signal reflects the collective electrical activity of neurons firing in the brain even if the functional implications were not understood. Recent work with so called qEEG (Quantitative EEG) is showing promise as a way to correctly discriminate the brain injured person from ‘normals’. This presentation will look at some recent research in this area and the approaches to signal processing that make this area promising.
Open science resources for `Big Data' Analyses of the human connectomeCameron Craddock
Neuroimaging has become a `Big Data' pursuit that requires very large datasets and high throughput computational tools. In this talk I will highlight many open science resources for acquiring the necessary data. This is from a lecture that I gave in 2015 at the USC Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute.
Consciousness, Graph theory and brain network tsc 2017Nir Lahav
How does our brain create consciousness?
It's a great mystery!
New research published in New Journal of Physics tries to find the "conscious network" in our cortex.
They decomposed the structural layers of our cortical network to different hierarchies enabling to identify hierarchy of data integration in the cortex and the network’s nucleus. This nucleus is the most connected area in the network, from which our consciousness could emerge.
the original article in New Journal of Physics:
"K-shell decomposition reveals hierarchical cortical organization of the human brain"
by: Nir Lahav, Baruch Ksherim, Eti Ben-Simon, Adi Maron-Katz, Reuven Cohen and Shlomo Havlin (from Bar Ilan university and Tel Aviv university, Israel):
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/18/8/083013/meta;jsessionid=BF44F1E6AEA7A74EAA4C0414FD01D617.c4.iopscience.cld.iop.org?platform=hootsuite
short video:
Where is my mind? physicists look for consciousness in the brain -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k2qVFjzyyxI
Copyrights of the presentation "Consciousness, Graph theory and brain network tsc 2017" by "Nir Lahav":
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Please give credit for this presentattion and for Nir Lahav.
It’s clear why researchers, scientists, inventors and entrepreneurs would be interested in serendipity, but why would psychotherapists? When we think of serendipity, the sensational examples catch the eye: vulcanisation, velcro and viagra for instance. Yet there are many more smaller but no less significant instances of serendipity at the personal level. Although the ‘ah-ha’ moments get all the press, they are only a small part of the serendipity process that Penny Tompkins and I mapped into six stages. We regularly see our clients go through a similar process and supporting them to maximise serendipity is one the most important parts of our work.
3 techniques for high quality communication on your agile teamsAndrea Chiou
This is deck I used at AgileDC conference, Oct 21, 2014. I've altered slightly from what was handed out, based on some feedback I got (in the Clean Feedback forms).
If you are interested in more in depth, come to my 3 hour workshop on Jan 30, 2015
http://mafn.org/event-1724379
Many thanks to Caitlin Walker of Training Attention who developed these Systemic Modelling techniques - and to all who contribute to disseminating the work of David Grove via Clean Language.
For training, please see opportunities here: http://www.cleanlearning.co.uk/ if you are in the UK.
For additional online resources and book recommendations on this topic, you can visit this page: http://adaptivecollaboration.com/books-i-recommend/
Brain Research for Teachers & Other Curious Souls, 2013 updateCarolyn K.
After a background in critiquing research, learn about dozens of recent research studies of the brain, and what they show. Updated for all the great new research through 2013, don't miss this informative collection of research. by Wenda Sheard
This ppt is all about Teaching Techniques from A to Zee- discussing about Low key responses, Brain-storming and much more included in Effective Teaching.
A Power Point Presentation of the Topic ''The PRINCIPLES of LEARNING'' on the subject '' The Principles of Teaching 1''
Contains the following:
-9 Principles of Learning by Horne and Pine
-Laws of Learning by Thorndike
with Pictures to be easily understand, or for to you ask share their insight about the given principles, Quotation related to the topic and also a special video.
Hope it will help you, thank you~
Financial planning in the brain scanner slidecastRussell James
A presentation lecture regarding new fMRI findings on brain activations associated with changing financial advisors during an advisor-intermediated stock market game
Slides of Clean Interviewing workshop given at UNITEC, Aukland, 3 Feb 2017.
Workshop description
James Lawley will show how the wording of interview questions can unintentionally and unknowingly bias answers, how ‘leading’ questions cast doubt on the authenticity of the data collected, and how you can avoid this by asking ‘clean’ questions.
The aim of this workshop is to learn and integrate the principles of Clean Interviewing, and to develop your ability to design and frame clean questions during practice interviews. You will learn how to interview using Clean Language so your interviewees are given maximum opportunity to provide reliable information, ‘uncontaminated’ by an interviewer’s framing, presuppositions and metaphors.
You will also learn a new process for validating the ‘cleanness’ of an interview thereby increasing the robustness of your methodology.
A history of optogenetics the development of tools for controlling brain circ...merzak emerzak
Understanding how different kinds of neuron in the brain work together to implement sensations,
feelings, thoughts, and movements, and how deficits in specific kinds of neuron result in brain
diseases, has long been a priority in basic and clinical neuroscience
Brain mapping can capture a window of brain activity. The brain is a multi-billion neuron organ. Neurons communicate with every cell in your body. It is carried by electrical impulses that form brain waves. This application helps us analyze your brainwaves and find ways to improve communication across different brain regions.
Studying Epilepsy in Awake Head-Fixed Mice Using Microscopy, Electrophysiolog...InsideScientific
Epilepsy research employs sophisticated research methods such as fluorescence optical imaging and optogenetics, as well as novel electrophysiological techniques, to address unresolved questions about seizure generation and propagation on the cellular and circuitry levels. Since epilepsy research is most relevant when performed in non-anesthetized mice, it requires specialized tools that ensure stable head fixation during high-precision imaging and recordings.
In this webinar, Dr. Anthony Umpierre (Prof. LongJun Wu group, Mayo Clinic, USA) and Prof. Rob Wykes (UCL, UK) present their research on microglial calcium signaling and epileptic networks carried out in awake head-fixed mice. In addition to sharing exciting new findings, the presenters address the challenges of working with awake mice.
Key topics will include…
- Mesoscopic investigations of seizure dynamics and propagation using widefield calcium imaging
- Generating full-bandwidth electrophysiological recordings enabled by graphene micro-transistors to detect spreading depolarizations and seizures
- On-demand optogenetic induction of spreading depolarizations to investigate pharmacological suppression in the awake brain
- The impact of acute versus chronic window preparations on microglial calcium activity
- The use of genetically encoded calcium indicators to study calcium dynamics in microglia
- The effects of bi-directional shifts in neuronal activity caused by kainate-triggered status epilepticus and isoflurane anesthesia on microglial calcium
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
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2. Policy Statement
I admire the scope, scale and achievement of neuroscience.
This talk is not intended to diminish the work of any
neuroscientist or psychotherapist.
My aim is to help us distinguish between:
– quality neuroscience and inferences drawn therefrom
and
– what Raymond Tallis calls “Neuromania”.
2
James Lawley
3. EXERCISE
!
1.Name a piece of neurological research that has
influenced the way you do therapy.
2.What do you do differently with your clients
as a result of the research?
4. Watch first two minutes of video :
http://www.schoolsworld.tv/node/2887
5. A connectome is
the totality of connections
between the neurons in a
nervous system.
7. What do you make of this quote from a
leading psychotherapist?:
!
“The role of the psychotherapist is brought into a
new light through the implications of working
with psychoneuroimmunology.
... Validating the client’s model of the world and
negative feelings, the therapist enables
neurotransmitters associated with the negative
state to be released from the subcortex and the
existing neural networks activated.”
7
8. And this one?:
“As soon as the client accesses the future-oriented state, the
neurological potential is then created for change to happen.
Solution-oriented therapy ... ensures that the client fires
the neurological pathway a number of times in therapy,
making it easier to re-access once the session has ended. ...
This process reinforces the ‘not problem’ state, again
reinforcing positive neurological patterning.
At this next session, we both noted that he could more easily
move towards future-oriented thinking ... This was evidence
that the neurological re-patterning that we had done in the
previous week had started to work.”
9. “As soon as the client accesses the future-oriented state, the
neurological potential is then created for change to happen.
Solution-oriented therapy ... ensures that the client fires
the neurological pathway a number of times in therapy,
making it easier to re-access once the session has ended. ...
This process reinforces the ‘not problem’ state, again
reinforcing positive neurological patterning.
At this next session, we both noted that he could more easily
move towards future-oriented thinking ... This was evidence
that the neurological re-patterning that we had done in the
previous week had started to work.”
psycho
Does changing one prefix change the meaning?:
psycho
psycho
psycho
10. “Your prefrontal cortex is the biological seat of your
conscious interactions with the world. It’s the part of your
brain central to thinking things through. ... Getting
everything ‘just right’ for the prefrontal cortex is what
Emily needs to learns to do, to get on top of the extra
information she is juggling in her new job.”
!
David Rock, Your Brain at Work p. 6
!
!
“A question I ask my clients all time is:
What does your brain need right now to move forward?”
!
David Rock, A Brain-Based Approach to Coaching, International Journal of Coaching in Organizations 2006 4(2)
What do you think Emily and other clients make
of this question?
11. “[Neuro-talk] is often accompanied by a picture of a brain scan,
that fast-acting solvent of critical faculties.”
Matthew Crawford ‘The Limits of Neuro-Talk’
12. CAT Computed axial tomography
DOT Diffuse optical tomography
EEG Electroencephalography
EROS Event-related optical signal
MEG Magnetoencephalography
MRI Magnetic resonance imaging (structural)
fMRI Functional MRI
dMRI Diffusion MRI
NIRS Near infrared spectroscopy
PET Positron emission tomography
SPECT Single-photon emission computed tomography
BRAIN IMAGINING
TECHNIQUES
13. Can you guess what experience this brain scan is showing ?
14. An image of the brain of Nan Wise,
who volunteered to have an orgasm while inside an fMRI
15. • Technical Problems with fMRI
‣ Measures oxygen in the blood as a proxy for brain activity. Millions of
neurons have to be activated for a change in blood flow to be detected.
‣ Neuronal activity lasts milliseconds while detected changes in blood
flow lag by 2-10 seconds.
‣ Brain is changing all the time – somewhere is always ‘lit up’.
‣ Images made up of voxels, each representing at best 10,000+ neurons.
‣ Each scan has 50,000 data points; thousands of scans in a study means
many millions of comparisons. Massively complex analysis required –
7 million lines of code.
‣ A big problem is false positives – thousands of published studies
conducted without corrections for false positives.
‣ Some researchers pick out the ‘best’ results.
‣ Spurious ‘brain activity’ related to non-existent tasks found with
standard settings on the most popular fMRI analysis software.
16. Functional MRI scans of six people who
took the same spatial memory test
tal functions to particular brain regions. Critics
feel that fMRI overlooks the networked or dis-
tributed nature of the brain’s workings, empha-
sizing localized activity when it is the communi-
cation among regions that is most critical to men-
tal function.
“This is a very gross technique,” says critic
Steven Faux , who heads the psychology depart-
ment at Drake University. “It’s like a blurry pho-
to—better than no photo but still blurry, with
real limitations that are too often overlooked.
It’s very easy to overextend [the value of] this
technology.”
Many fMRI practitioners seem bewildered
that this powerful new tool has created contro-
versy. “It is a huge surprise to me how big this
issue has become,” says Marcus E. Raichle, a
Washington University neurologist who has re-
searched brain scanning for more than two
decades.
Vague Precision
Brain imaging began with an early 20th-cen-
tury method called pneumoencephalography, a
dangerous procedure in which the skull’s cere-
brospinal fluid was replaced with air to show the
brain more clearly on x-ray. The angiograph, de-
veloped in the 1920s, produced improved results
The 1970s also brought the first functional
imaging technology—scans designed to show
not just how the brain is structured but how it
functions. Positron emission tomography (PET)
measures increases in blood flow associated with
neuronal activity, giving a sense of which neu-
rons may be processing information. A subject
is injected with radioactive elements that tag
molecules such as glucose that are delivered to
the brain by blood. The tags emit positrons and
reveal the relative rates at which cells consume
the glucose, a marker of which cells are active
during mental processes. The scans are captivat-
ing, but there are a number of drawbacks. Sub-
jects worry about taking in radioactive material;
the process requires the better part of an hour
for a scan; and the images provide a rather broad
temporal resolution of 60 seconds (meaning it
takes that long to measure the blood flow to an
area) and a spatial resolution of six to nine cubic
millimeters—large for a nuanced understanding
of what is happening.
In contrast, fMRI can scan a brain cross sec-
tion in less than two seconds, enabling it to mod-
el most of the brain in one to two minutes. It can
work at spatial resolutions as fine as two to three
cubic millimeters, although in practice it usually
collects information in voxels (a term that merg-
Functional MRI
scans of six
people who
took the same
spatial memory
test show how
varied brain
activation pat-
terns can be.
Scientists must
design fMRI ex-
periments care-
fully to avoid
misleading
conclusions.
sconsin–Milwaukee
www.sciammind.com 27
flow rises. Doubts about whether these increases
correspond to actual neuronal activity have been
answered by several studies tying blood flow di-
rectly to neuron signaling, including recent ani-
mal models that used probes to match the firing
of individual neurons to the heightened flow seen
in fMRI scans.
Yet the link is decidedly rough. Abigail A.
Baird, a Dartmouth College psychologist who
uses fMRI to study brain changes during adoles-
cence, puts it succinctly: “Hemodynamic re-
sponse is a sloppy thing.” For starters, neuronal
action takes milliseconds, whereas the blood
surge follows by two to six seconds; a detected
increase in blood flow therefore might be “feed-
ing” more than one operation. In addition, be-
cause each voxel encompasses thousands of neu-
rons, thousands or even millions may have to fire
to significantly light up a region; it is as if an
entire section of a stadium had to shout to be
heard.
Meanwhile it is possible that in some cases a
that they become images introduces other cave-
ats. Researchers must choose among and adjust
many different algorithms to extract an accurate
image, compensating along the way for varia-
tions in skull and brain configuration, movement
of subjects in the scanner, noise in the data, and
so on. This “chain of inferences,” as a recent Na-
ture Neuroscience article called it, offers much
opportunity for error.
Finally, most fMRI studies use univariate
processing, which critics say shortchanges the
distributed nature of neurodynamics. The charg-
es rise because univariate (literally “one vari-
able”) algorithms consider the data coming in
from each voxel during a scan as one sum, which
makes it impossible to know how the activity in
a particular voxel accrued (all at once, for in-
stance, or in several pulses) or how it related se-
quentially with activity in other voxels. Univar-
iate processing does see all the parts working—
thus the multiple areas lit up in most images—but
not in a way that shows how one area follows or
COPYRIGHT 2005 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.
17. • Question ...
What do you make of these
fMRI test-retest correlations
for subjects engaged in six
sessions of the same activity
conducted over a period of six
weeks?
!
0.56 0.75 0.00
0.42 0.69 0.25
!
Mean = 0.45
!
!
Jian Kong et. al., Test-retest study of fMRI signal
change evoked by electro-acupuncture stimulation,
Neuroimage. 2007 February 1; 34(3): 1171–1181.
18. These subjects engaged in a simple finger-tapping task and yet the
correlations ranged between 0 and 0.76 – imagine the subjects
were doing something useful!
!
A review of papers published in top-ranking journals, including
Science, concluded:
“A disturbingly large and quite prominent segment
of fMRI scan research on emotion, personality and
social cognition is using seriously defective research
methods and producing a profusion of numbers that
should not be believed.”
!
Edward Vul1, Christine Harris, Piotr Winkielman and Harold Pashler, ‘Puzzlingly High Correlations in fMRI Studies of
Emotion, Personality, and Social Cognition’ Perspectives on Psychological Science, May 2009 vol. 4 no. 3 274-290.
19. Example of
a neuro-imaging research methodology
‣ The subject was placed in a fMRI scanner.
‣ Subject was shown a series of photographs depicting human
individuals in social situations with a specified emotional
valence.
‣ The subject was asked to determine what emotion one of the
individuals in the photo must have been experiencing.
‣ Each photo was presented for 10 seconds followed by 12
seconds of rest. A total of 15 photos were displayed.
‣ Total scan time was 5.5 minutes.
21. “By complete, random chance, we found some voxels that
were significant ... [even though] the salmon was not
alive at the time of scanning.”
Craig Bennett, neuroscientist, University of California
22. “An fMRI study has shown that
men’s amygdalas light up when they view Ferraris”
!
!
What is wrong with this statement?
23. “An fMRI study demonstrated heightened activity in the
amygdala’s of Democrats and Republicans watching videos
of John Kerry and George W. Bush, concluding
the volunteers were actively trying to dislike the opposition”.
!
!
What is wrong with this statement?
24. • Design flaws in fMRI studies
‣ Less activity in frontal lobes and more in the amygdala of
adolescents than adults looking at black-and-white photographs of
faces of frightened middle-aged people.
But in a much less widely reported follow-up study using colour
photographs, adolescent subjects scored much like adults.
‣ Over 30 studies found physiological markers of ADHD in children
but failed to control for the effects of their subjects’ Ritalin use.
25. • And guess what ...
University students told of fictitious studies such as
“watching television improves maths ability”
judged results to be more scientific and believable
when presented in the form of brain scans
rather than in charts or words.
26. • Conceptual Problems with MRI
‣ Parts of the brain appear again and again, serving different functions.
‣ The same cognitive functions show up in different regions of the brain.
‣ MRI are blind to the connectional anatomy of the human brain.
‣ Activities subjects do are necessarily isolated and simple compared to
the everyday actions of humans.
‣ Conclusions subject to a long ‘chain of inferences’.
‣ Often a confusion between correlation, causation and identity.
‣ Results are extended way beyond their remit, e.g.
Neuroarthistory by John Onians. Professor Emeritus of World Art at the
University of East Anglia.
Time Magazine ran a “Guide to the Neuroscience of Shopping”
29. fMRI sequence shows how grey matter is gradually replaced or
overgrown with white matter between ages 5 and 21.
NOTE: This statement refers to physical changes rather then mental acts.
Functional MRI can map the brain’s composition with exquisite clarity. This sequence shows how gray
matter is gradually replaced or overgrown with white matter between ages 5 and 21. A defense attorney
could ostensibly use such information to ask that a teenager convicted of a violent crime not be
sentenced as an adult since his cognitive capacity is not as fully developed.
Age 5
Age 8 Age 12
Age 16 Age 20
------------------------------------
>0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
Gray
matter
volume
IMAGESCOURTESYOFPAULTHOMPSON,KIRALEEHAYASHIANDARTHURTOGAUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles
ANDNITINGOGTAY,JAYGIEDDANDJUDITHRAPOPORTNationalInstituteofMentalHealth
30. EXERCISE
- Look around the room
!
[Lead group through exercise in changing attention.]
!
!
There is nothing in neuroscience that can remotely
explain what you all just did so easily.
31. “The majority of neuroimaging studies
I come across are so flawed,
either due to design or statistical errors,
they add virtually nothing to my knowledge.”
!
Daniel Bor
PhD in cognitive neuroscience, Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge University.
Now at Sackler Centre For Consciousness Science, University of Sussex.
32. How can a layperson know what is a believable MRI study?
1. Our default attitude should be skepticism.
2. Go to blogs written by scientists.
3. Get answers to these questions:
✓ Are the stats properly corrected for multiple tests?
✓ Are the results replicated elsewhere?
✓ If activation areas are linked to a given function, are any other
functions previously linked to these brain regions?
✓ Are there any plausible alternative interpretations of the results?
34. 1891 - 1976
!
!
!
What percentage of Wilder Penfield’s patients
experienced spontaneous memories when he
inserted an electrode into their brain?
Watch one minute video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kNdM9JhTPJw
35. 1 in 20
and contemporary surgeons have found it
difficult to replicate some of Penfield’s results.
!
Raymond Tallis, Aping Mankind (2011, p. 93)
36. “... allow us to grasp the minds of others not through
conceptual reasoning but through direct simulation.”
Giacomo Rizzolatti, co-discover of mirror neurons in macaque monkeys
(New York Times, 10 Jan 2006, ‘Cells That Read Minds’)
!
!
!
"... the driving force behind the great leap
forward in human evolution."
V.S. Ramachandran (2000)
37. Except that, most evidence for mirror neurons in
humans is indirect.
“Mirror neurons have not been demonstrated
unequivocally in humans”
Raymond Tallis, Aping Mankind (2011, p. 190)
!
“fMRI’s resolution is not fine enough to distinguish whether
the neurons firing are mirror neurons or just motor cortex
neurons, which fire both when we think about an action and
when we actually perform an action.”
!
Marco Iacoboni, a mirror neuron expert at the University of California, quoted in
Monkey See, Monkey Don't by Nikhil Swaminathan February 3, 2011 Scientific American Mind
!
!
37
38. Neuroplasticity
!
In the 1960s Mark Rosenzweig
showed there were changes in the
brains of laboratory rats that were
raised in enriched or impoverished
environments.
!
An enriched cage slightly
enlarged the cortex on average and
the rats performed better on
problem solving tests.
This was the first demonstration
that experience causes the brain
structure to change.
!
1922 – 2009
38
39. London taxi drivers have an
enlarged right posterior
hippocampus, which is the region
of the cortex thought to be involved
in navigation.
In musicians, the cerebellum is
larger and certain cortical regions
are thicker.
Bilinguals have a thicker cortex in
the lower part of the left parietal
lobe.
40. However ...
!
“[Rosenzweig] did not prove that it was the thickening that
caused the improvement in the intelligence. We can only say
that cortical thickening with learning are correlated.
Furthermore, the correlation is weak, revealed only by averages
over groups. Cortical thickening is not a reliable predictor of
learning in individuals.”
!
Sebastian Seung
Connectome: How the Brain’s Wiring Makes Us Who We Are. (2012, p. 25)
Professor of Computational Neuroscience at MIT.
41. Minds differ because neural networks differ.
Personality, IQ and memories are encoded in neural networks.
!
“Although this theory has been around for a long time,
neuroscientists still don’t know if it’s true. These ideas may
sound powerful, but there’s a catch: they have never been subjected
to conclusive experimental tests ... because neuroscientists have
lacked good techniques for mapping the connections between
neurons”
Sebastian Seung (2012)
Connectome: How the Brain’s Wiring Makes Us Who We Are. p. xiv-xx
Professor of Computational Neuroscience at MIT.
42. Yes, but ...
!
“Although this theory has been around for a long time,
neuroscientists still don’t know if it’s true. These ideas
may sound powerful, but there’s a catch: they have never
been subjected to conclusive experimental tests ... because
neuroscientists have lacked good techniques for mapping
the connections between neurons”
Sebastian Seung
Connectome: How the Brain’s Wiring Makes Us Who We Are. (2012, p. xiv-xx)
43. Thinking leading to Neuromania
Mixing Logical Levels
“There is only one sort of stuff, namely
matter – the physical stuff of physics,
chemistry and physiology – and the
mind is somehow nothing but a physical
phenomenon.
!
In short, the mind is the brain ... We can
(in principle!) account for every mental
phenomenon using physical principles,
laws and raw materials.”
Daniel Dennett, Consciousness Explained, p. 33
MATTER
CELLS
BRAIN
MIND
44. Thinking leading to Neuromania
Mixing metaphors
“Nervous systems are information-processing machines.”
Patricia Churchland, Neurophilosophy.
“The brain can now be described as an incredibly powerful
microprocessor, the mother of all motherboards.”
Dr Vinoth Ramachandra
“Artificial intelligence is the science and engineering of
making intelligent machines.” John McCarthy
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Metaphor
Metaphor
45. Thinking leading to Neuromania
Anthropomorphising
Animating the material world with human
characteristics, e.g. the brain doesn’t:
calculate, signal, decide, detect, process,
notice, trick, fool or deceive us, light up,
represents, or store
(and nor do computers!)
“When the reptilian brain takes over the
frontal cortex shuts down.”
“The amygdala stops talking to the
hypothalamus.”
“Anti-anxiety molecules”
46. Thinking leading to Neuromania
Unwitting metonymy
‣ Mistaking a part for the whole. e.g.
Nobel prize winner Eric Kandel claimed he
could capture “memory in a dish”.
Localising a distributed, massively interconnected,
small-world network (<3 degrees of separation).
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
“The brain - that's my second most favourite organ!” Woody Allen
47. The truth is ...
!
“As a neuroscientist myself, I have come to know firsthand
[the] feeling of dread [when] I speak to the public about the
state of our field. My audience [is] curious about brains that
malfunction or excel, but even the humdrum lacks
explanation.
Every day we recall the past, perceive the present, and imagine
the future. How do our brains accomplish these feats?
It’s safe to say that nobody really knows.”
!
Sebastian Seung
48. "To map the human brain at the cellular level, we're talking
about 1m petabytes of information. Most people think that
is more than the digital content of the world right now.
I'd settle for a mouse brain, but we're not even ready to do
that. We're still working on how to do one cubic millimetre."
!
"Sooner or later humans are going to have to confront the
fact that we don't know how the brain works."
!
!
Jeff Lichtman, Professor of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University
quoted in The Guardian. 7 May 2012.
49. !
“Fifty years of research shows that
we don’t understand what neural networks are doing.”
!
!
Dr. Michael Harré, Principle Investigator at Large,
Centre for the Mind, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney
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