The document defines and compares different network topologies - bus, ring, star, and mesh. A bus topology connects all devices to a central cable but if the cable breaks the whole network fails. A ring topology forms a closed loop but data transmission is slower. A star topology connects all devices to a central hub and is easy to install but the hub is a single point of failure. A mesh topology fully connects all devices for redundant paths but requires more cables and is more complex.

1. Company
LOGO
Basic Concepts of Computer
Networks and Communications
Network Topology
Presented by-
Anita Yadav


2. Presentation Contents
 Definition of Computer Networks
 Different Network Methods
 LAN
 Network Topologies
 Summary

3. Definition:
 Computer networking is the engineering decipline
concerned with the communication between computer
systems or devices.
 A computer network is any set of computers or devices
connected to each other with the ability to exchange
data.
Computer Networks

4. Different Network Methods are:
 Local area network (LAN),
 Metropolitan area network (MAN)
 Wide area network (WAN)
 Wireless LANs and WANs
Different Network Methods

5. Local Area Network(LAN),
 which is usually a small network
constrained to a small geographic area.
An example of a LAN would be a
computer network within a building.
Local Area Network (LAN)

6. DEFINITION
What is a Topology ?
The physical topology of a network
refers to the configuration of cables,
computers and other peripherals.

7. TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Three commonly used network topologies
are:-
Bus Topology
Ring Topology
Star Topology

8. BUS TOPOLOGY
All computers and devices
connected to central cable or bus.
Consists of a main run of cable
with a terminator at each end.
Popular on LANs because they
are inexpensive and easy to
install.

9. BUS TOPOLOGY

10. RING TOPOLOGY
Cable forms closed ring or loop,
with all computers and devices
arranged along ring.
Data travels from device to
device around entire ring, in
one direction.
Primarily is used for LANs,
but also is used in WANs.

11. RING TOPOLOGY

12. STAR TOPOLOGY
All devices connect to
a
central device, called
hub.
All data transferred
from one computer to
another passes through
hub.

13. STAR TOPOLOGY

14.  In the mesh topology each computer are connected with each other by
separate cable. Create point to point connection to every device on network.
If one cable fail data always has alternative path to get to its destination.
 On a large scale, you can connect multiple LANs using mesh topology with
leased line.
 This type topology generally use in military area.
MESH TOPOLOGY

15. DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE
TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES OF THE THREE
OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY?

16. SUMMARY
BUS TOPOLOGY
DEFINITION
•All computers
and devices
connected to
central cable
DEFINITION
•All computers
and devices
connected to
central cable
ADVANTAGE
•Easy to connect a
computer or
peripheral to a linear
bus.
ADVANTAGE
•Easy to connect a
computer or
peripheral to a linear
bus.
•Requires less cable
length than
a star topology.
•Requires less cable
length than
a star topology.
DISADVANTAGE
•Entire network shuts
down if
there is a break in the
main cable.
DISADVANTAGE
•Entire network shuts
down if
there is a break in the
main cable.
•Terminators are
required at both
ends of the backbone
cable.
•Terminators are
required at both
ends of the backbone
cable.
•Difficult to identify
the problem
if the entire network
shuts down.
•Difficult to identify
the problem
if the entire network
shuts down.

17. SUMMARY
RING TOPOLOGY
DEFINITION
•Cable forms
closed ring or
loop, with all
computers and
devices arranged
along ring.
DEFINITION
•Cable forms
closed ring or
loop, with all
computers and
devices arranged
along ring.
ADVANTAGE
•Data is quickly
transferred without a
‘bottle neck’.
ADVANTAGE
•Data is quickly
transferred without a
‘bottle neck’.
•The transmission of
data is relatively
simple as packets
travel in one direction
only.
•The transmission of
data is relatively
simple as packets
travel in one direction
only.
DISADVANTAGE
•Data packets must pass
through every computer
between the sender and
recipient therefore, this
makes it slower.
DISADVANTAGE
•Data packets must pass
through every computer
between the sender and
recipient therefore, this
makes it slower.
•If any of the nodes fail
then the ring is broken
and data cannot be
transmitted successfully.
•If any of the nodes fail
then the ring is broken
and data cannot be
transmitted successfully.
•It is difficult to
troubleshoot
the ring.
•It is difficult to
troubleshoot
the ring.

18. SUMMARY
DEFINITION
•All devices
connect to a
central device,
called hub.
DEFINITION
•All devices
connect to a
central device,
called hub.
ADVANTAGE
•Easy to install and
wire.
ADVANTAGE
•Easy to install and
wire.
•Security can be
implemented
in the hub/switch.
•Security can be
implemented
in the hub/switch.
DISADVANTAGE
•Requires more cable
length
than a linear topology.
DISADVANTAGE
•Requires more cable
length
than a linear topology.
If the hub or
concentrator fails,
nodes attached are
disabled.
If the hub or
concentrator fails,
nodes attached are
disabled.
More expensive than
linear bus topologies
because of the cost of
the concentrators.
More expensive than
linear bus topologies
because of the cost of
the concentrators.
STAR TOPOLOGY
•Easy to detect faults
and to
remove parts
•Easy to detect faults
and to
remove parts

19. 1.Provide redundant path between device.
SUMMARY
DEFINITION
•In the mesh
topology each
computer are
connected with
each other by
separate cable..
DEFINITION
•In the mesh
topology each
computer are
connected with
each other by
separate cable..
ADVANTAGE
•1.Provide redundant
path between device..
ADVANTAGE
•1.Provide redundant
path between device..
The network can be
expanded without
disruption to current
user..
The network can be
expanded without
disruption to current
user..
DISADVANTAGE
Require more cable
then other topology .
DISADVANTAGE
Require more cable
then other topology .
Complicated
implementations.
Complicated
implementations.
MESH TOPOLOGY