This document discusses computer networks and network topologies. It defines a computer network as any set of connected computers or devices that can exchange data. It describes common network types like LANs, MANs, and WANs. It then focuses on network topologies, explaining that the physical topology refers to how cables and devices are arranged. It outlines four common topologies: bus, ring, star, and mesh, providing a brief description of each.

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N E T W O R K S

5. COMPUTER NETWORKS
Definition:
Computer networking is the engineering discipline
concerned with the communication between computer
systems or devices.
A computer network is any set of computers or devices
connected to each other with the ability to exchange data.

6. DIFFERENT NETWORK METHODS
Different Network Methods are:
 Local Area Network (LAN)
 Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
 Wide Area Network (WAN)
 Wireless LANs and WANs

7. LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)
Local Area Network (LAN)
is usually a small network
constrained to a small geographic area.
An example of a LAN would be a
computer network within a building.

8. What is TOPOLOGY?

9. TOPOLOGY
TOPOLOGY
The physical topology of a network
refers to the configuration of cables,
computers and other peripherals.

10. TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Four commonly used network topologies are:
 Bus Topology
 Ring Topology
 Star Topology
 Mesh Topology

11. BUS TOPOLOGY
• All computers and devices
connected to central cable or
bus.
• Consists of a main run of cable
with a terminator at each end.
• Popular on LANs because they
are inexpensive and easy to
install.

12. BUS TOPOLOGY

13. RING TOPOLOGY
• Cable forms closed ring or loop,
with all computers and devices
arranged along ring.
• Data travels from device to
device around entire ring, in one
direction.
• Primarily is used for LANs, but
also is used in WANs.

14. RING TOPOLOGY

15. • All devices connect to a central
device, called hub.
• All data transferred from one
computer to another passes
through hub.
STAR TOPOLOGY

16. RING TOPOLOGY

17. MESH TOPOLOGY
• In the mesh topology each computer are
connected with each other by separate
cable. Create point to point connection to
every device on network. If one cable fail
data always has alternative path to get to
its destination.
• On a large scale, you can connect multiple
LANs using mesh topology with leased line.
• This type topology generally use in military
area.