Network Layer Protocols

1. THE SYMPHONY OF
CONNECTIVITY:
UNLEASHING THE
POWER OF NETWORK
LAYER PROTOCOLS

2. Network Layer Protocols
Every computer in a network
has an IP address by which it
can be uniquely identified
and addressed. An IP address
is Layer-3 (Network Layer)
logical address.

3. Address Resolution
Protocol(ARP)
While communicating, a host
needs Layer-2 (MAC) address of
the destination machine which
belongs to the same broadcast
domain or network.

4. Internet Control Message
Protocol (ICMP)
ICMP is network diagnostic and
error reporting protocol. ICMP
belongs to IP protocol suite and
uses IP as carrier protocol.
it reports about host or router is
not reachable.and
request service not available

5. RARP
oRARP stands for Reverse Address
Resolution Protocol. If the host wants to
know its IP address, then it broadcast
the RARP query packet that contains
its physical address to the entire
network. A RARP server on the network
recognizes the RARP packet and
responds back with the host IP address.

6. IGMP
IGMP stands for Internet Group
management Protocol.
oThe IP protocol supports two types of
communication: oUnicasting: It is a
communication between one sender and
one receiver. Therefore, we can say that it
is one-to-one communication.
Multicasting: Sometimes the sender wants
to send the same message to a large
number of receivers simultaneously. This
process is known as multicasting which has
one-to-many communication.

7. Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4)
IPv4 is 32-bit addressing
scheme used as TCP/IP host
addressing mechanism. IP
addressing enables every host
on the TCP/IP network to be
uniquely identifiable.

8. Internet Protocol
Version 6 (IPv6)
Exhaustion of IPv4 addresses
gave birth to a next generation
Internet Protocol version 6. IPv6
addresses its nodes with 128-bit
wide address providing plenty of
address space for future to be
used on entire planet or beyond.