Nervous System of Scorpion.pptx
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The nervous system of scorpions consists of a central nervous system with a brain, sub-oesophageal ganglia connected by circumoesophageal connectives, and a double ventral nerve cord with several ganglia. The brain controls complex behaviors and locomotion while the sub-oesophageal ganglia innervate the chelicerae and first segments. Nerves emanate from the ganglia of the central nervous system to innervate structures like eyes, mouthparts, limbs, book lungs and other organs. The peripheral nervous system includes lateral nerves from the sub-oesophageal ganglia and paired nerves from each ganglion of the ventral nerve cord.
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The third cranial nerve (oculomotor nerve) originates in the midbrain. It contains motor fibers that innervate four of the six extraocular muscles as well as the levator palpebrae superioris and the intraocular muscles that control the pupil and lens. The nerve exits the midbrain and travels through the cavernous sinus before dividing into superior and inferior branches in the orbit. The inferior branch provides motor input to three extraocular muscles and also carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the ciliary ganglion which controls pupil constriction and accommodation.
Autonomic Nervous System
The document discusses the autonomic nervous system (ANS). It describes the ANS as having sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions that control internal organs and tissues. The sympathetic division is responsible for the "fight or flight" response and prepares the body for emergencies. The parasympathetic division conserves energy and is active during rest. The document outlines the anatomy and neurotransmitters of both divisions. It provides examples of specific organ innervation, such as the heart receiving sympathetic stimulation to increase rate and the eye receiving parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers to control the iris and lacrimal gland.
NERVOUS_SYSTEM.pptx
The nervous system consists of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system receives and integrates sensory information and coordinates voluntary and involuntary motor activity. It is protected by three layers of meninges and nourished by a network of blood vessels. The peripheral nervous system comprises the cranial and spinal nerves along with their ganglia and sensory receptors throughout the body. It is divided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
peripheral nervous system.pptx
The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord. It develops from the neural tube. The brain is divided into regions including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum. The PNS includes nerves outside the CNS. The functions of the nervous system include sensory input, integration of sensory information, and motor output responses. The peripheral nerves originate from the spinal cord and form plexuses to innervate different body regions.
Nervous system
The document provides an overview of the nervous system, including its main components and functions. It discusses the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord. It also covers the peripheral nervous system, describing the cranial and spinal nerves. Additionally, it summarizes the autonomic nervous system, comparing the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Key points covered include the structure and function of neurons, circulation of cerebrospinal fluid, and nerve plexuses in the limbs.
Trigeminal nerve
The maxillary nerve is a branch of the trigeminal nerve that arises from the trigeminal ganglia and provides sensory innervation to parts of the face, nasal cavity, and palate. It passes through the foramen rotundum into the pterygopalatine fossa where it gives off branches including the nasopalatine nerve that supplies the hard palate and nasal septum, and the greater and lesser palatine nerves that innervate the palate. The infraorbital nerve is a terminal branch that emerges on the face through the infraorbital foramen and divides further to innervate the lower eyelid, nose, upper lip, and gums.
Trigeminal nerve ppt
The trigeminal nerve is the largest of the cranial nerves. It has both sensory and motor components. It originates from four nuclei in the brainstem and exits the skull through three divisions - ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular. The ophthalmic division innervates parts of the face, eye, and nasal cavity. The maxillary division innervates parts of the face, nasal cavity, and palate. The mandibular division innervates muscles of mastication and parts of the face.
Nerves
The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord which are protected by bone, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid. The meninges are three membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. The brain is divided into the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum. The cerebrum is the largest part and is divided into two hemispheres. The diencephalon includes the thalamus and hypothalamus. The brain stem connects the brain to the spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system includes nerves that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body.
Brain stem lecture @mbbs.pptx
The document provides an overview of the brainstem, which consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla. It describes the structures and functions of each part. The midbrain contains nuclei that control eye and neck movements. The pons contains nuclei for cranial nerves and centers that regulate breathing. The medulla contains nuclei for additional cranial nerves and vital centers that control respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure. All parts of the brainstem relay sensory and motor information between the brain and spinal cord.
Ans changed
The peripheral nervous system consists of the spinal nerves, cranial nerves, autonomic nervous system, and peripheral nerve fibers. The autonomic nervous system is further divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems which generally have opposing effects on target organs. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response and mobilizes the body during stress through thoracolumbar outflow. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for "rest and digest" functions through craniosacral outflow.
Intro to nervous system- Key Concepts.pptx
The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord. The PNS contains 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves. Functionally, the nervous system is divided into the somatic, autonomic, and enteric nervous systems. The somatic system controls voluntary activities while the autonomic system regulates involuntary functions like respiration and digestion. Neurons are the basic functional units and communicate via neurotransmitters released at synapses.
Cns Compressed 2 Nd
The document provides detailed information about the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. It describes the basic functional unit of the neuron and its main parts. It discusses the different types of cells in the nervous system including neuroglial cells and neurotransmitters. It outlines the divisions of the central and peripheral nervous systems and describes key structures and functions of the brain and spinal cord.
Trigeminal nerve.pptx
this presentation consist of introduction to types of nerves, structure of nerve and cranial nerves. there is a detail description about, origin , course of the trigeminal nerve and its branches and the structures supplying the nerve. it also contains applied anatomy of the nerve and its importance of the nerve in oral and maxillofacial surgeries. a detail description about the examination of the trigeminal nerve is also mentioned in the presentation. hoping that it would be useful to the students and people seeking for knowledge about the trigeminal nerve.
CNS System.pptx
The central nervous system develops from the neural plate and neural tube. The neural tube forms three primary brain vesicles - the prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and rhombencephalon. The brain vesicles differentiate into the structures of the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. The spinal cord develops from the caudal end of the neural tube. Neuroblasts form the gray matter while myelination leads to the white matter. Spinal nerves develop from ventral and dorsal nerve roots. The CNS continues developing and structures such as the cerebellum, cerebral hemispheres, and ventricles emerge.
The agent of change
This document provides an overview of the nervous system. It begins by defining the nervous system and its main functions of receiving sensory input, integrating information, and generating motor output. It then describes the structure and function of the main parts of the human nervous system, including the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and peripheral nervous system. Key topics covered include the structure and function of the brain lobes and other brain regions, neurons, nerve impulses, and reflexes.
Occulo motor nerve dnm
The third cranial nerve, also known as the oculomotor nerve, originates from nuclei located in the midbrain and controls most of the extraocular muscles as well as the iris and ciliary body. It is responsible for eye movement, pupil constriction, and accommodation. Damage to the third cranial nerve results in ptosis, external ophthalmoplegia, mydriasis, and loss of accommodation due to paralysis of the extraocular muscles, sphincter pupillae, and ciliary body respectively.
Trigeminal nerve
This document provides an overview of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) in 12 sections. It discusses the structure of neurons and nerves, lists and classifies the 12 cranial nerves, describes the embryological development and nuclei of the trigeminal nerve, details the trigeminal ganglion and course of the trigeminal nerve, and outlines its three main branches (ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular) and their distributions. The document provides a comprehensive anatomical description of the trigeminal nerve in under 3 sentences.
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Nervous System of Scorpion.pptx
- 1. NERVOUS SYSTEM The nervous system consists of a central nervous system, a peripheral nervous system and a visceral nervous system The central nervous system includes a brain or supraoesophageal ganglia, sub- oesophageal ganglia which is connected to brain by short circumoesophageal connectives,three free mesosomal ganglia,four free metasomal ganglia a double ventral ganglionated nerve cord which is similar to the spinal cord in vertebrates. 1.Brain The brain is composed of two large ganglia situated above the esophagus. The upper lobe (protocerebrum) of the top ganglion processes optic information and is the origin of complex behaviours, while the lower lobe (tritocerebrum) mainly controls the normal body functions. The bottom ganglion innervates the chelicerae. Locomotion is controlled by both ganglia. The nerve cord of the animal consists of seven ganglia connected by pairs of fibres.
- 2. • 2. Sub-oesophageal ganglia: • It is formed by the fusion of ten pairs of ganglia belonging to embryonic 2 to 11 segments and located ventromedially below the oesophagus. • 3. Circumoesophageal connectives: • A pair of short and stout nerves arise from the brain, one on each side, encircle the oesophagus and unite ventrally with the sub-oesophageal ganglia. • 4. Ventral nerve cord: • A double ventral nerve cord formed by the union of two solid nerve cords runs posteriorly from the sub-oesophageal ganglia up to the fourth seg- ment of the metasoma. The nerve cord bears three pre-abdominal ganglia in the mesosoma and four post-abdominal ganglia in the metasoma, the last one formed by the fusion of two ganglia of the 18 and 19 segments and located in the fourth metasomal segment.
- 3. • Peripheral nervous system: • Nerves arising from the ganglia of the central nervous system: • 1. The brain gives off paired nerves to median and lateral eyes and rostrum and a number of fine nerves to the walls of the preoral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus and adjoining structures. • 2. Six pairs of lateral nerves emanating from the sub-oesophageal ganglia innervate the chelicerae, pedipalpi and four pairs of walking legs. • 3. Two to four pairs of vagus nerves arising from the sub-oesophageal ganglia run posteriorly to supply the heart and alimentary canal, genital operculum, the pectines and the first two pairs of book-lungs in the mesosoma. • 4. Paired nerves emanate from each ganglion of the ventral nerve cord and innervate the structures in the corresponding segments. Nerves from the first two pre-abdominal ganglia supply the last two pairs of book- lungs