Nematodes
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Nematodes are small, cylindrical worms that have a hydrostatic skeleton and pseudocoelom. They lack organ systems for circulation, respiration, and transportation of nutrients and waste. Nematodes reproduce sexually, with males inserting sperm into the female's vagina. They exhibit diverse feeding behaviors depending on the species, from bacteria and algae to fungi, plants, and some are parasitic. There are millions of nematode variations, with thousands present in a single handful of soil.
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The document discusses different types of nematodes (roundworms) that can infect humans, including where they live in the body, their life cycles, modes of transmission, associated clinical features and treatment. It covers intestinal nematodes like ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworms, tissue-dwelling nematodes like filariasis, and strongyloidosis. Prevention involves improving hygiene, sanitation and health education. Common drugs used for treatment include mebendazole, albendazole, pyrantel pamoate and levamizole.
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Intestinal nematodes live in the intestines of their hosts, while tissue nematodes live in other tissues like lymphatic vessels, skin, and eyes. Some common filarial nematode species that infect humans are Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, Onchocerca volvulus, and Loa loa. They are transmitted by blood-sucking insects and have complex life cycles involving microfilariae that develop into infective larvae in insects before infecting humans. Adult worms live in lymphatic vessels, skin, or subcutaneous tissues and can cause diseases like elephantiasis or onchocerciasis.
Nematodes in Fisheries
It shows the body plan,morphology, Taxonomy of nematodes with their parasitism in tropical fishes,temperate fishes,elasmobranch etc
Nematoda (biologi kelas x)
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang nematoda atau cacing gilig. Nematoda merupakan golongan hewan triploblastik pseudoselomata yang memiliki tubuh berbentuk gilig tanpa ruas. Sebagian besar bersifat parasit pada manusia, tumbuhan, dan hewan. Nematoda dapat menyebabkan berbagai penyakit seperti ascariasis, trichinosis, dan elephantiasis.
Intestinal nematodes
This document discusses several intestinal nematodes including Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm), Trichuris trichiura (whipworm), Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm), and hookworms. It provides details on the morphology, life cycles, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of these parasites. Intestinal nematodes can cause symptoms ranging from mild to severe depending on the worm burden. Diseases result from nutrient deficiency, intestinal obstruction, or blood loss caused by hookworms. Sanitation and hygiene practices like handwashing and use of toilets are important for prevention.
Nematodes
The document discusses various nematodes that can infect humans such as Ascaris lumbricoides and Enterobius vermicularis, describing their characteristics, life cycles, and diagnostic methods. It also outlines techniques for diagnosing nematode infections from stool samples, including the Kato-Katz method, concentration techniques like acid ether concentration, and culture methods like Harada Mori.
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Introduction to Tissue Nematodes and Filarial Worms
Introduction to Tissue Nematodes and Filarial Worms
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Luis flores animal phyla
Porifera are sponges that live in aquatic environments and have pores that allow water flow through their bodies for filter feeding, respiration, and waste removal. Cnidarians like jellyfish, sea anemones, and corals have stinging tentacles used to capture prey which is then brought to the mouth. Platyhelminths are flatworms that have no skeleton and use cilia and muscles to move; they have a combined digestive/excretory system and reproduce asexually.
The world of Annelids_gallardo2028
The document discusses the phylum Annelida, which includes segmented worms. It describes three main classes within the phylum - Polychaeta (including marine bristle worms), Oligochaeta (including terrestrial earthworms), and Hirudinea (including leeches). Key characteristics of annelids include a segmented body, closed circulatory system, and sexual reproduction, though some can reproduce asexually. They play an important ecological role in soil and sediment reworking.
Phylum Platyhelminthes
1. Flatworms are acoelomate, triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical organisms classified in the phylum Platyhelminthes.
2. Class Turbellaria contains free-living flatworms like the planarian Dugesia, which have a simple nervous system with anterior ganglia and ventral nerve cords, a complete digestive system with a mouth and blind gut, and a protonephridial excretory system.
3. Turbellarians reproduce both asexually through fission and sexually as simultaneous hermaphrodites, exchanging sperm through direct internal fertilization.
Annelida
1. The phylum Annelida includes segmented worms like earthworms and leeches. They vary greatly in size, from less than 1 mm to over 3 meters long.
2. Annelids are classified into 3 main groups: Polychaetes, which show the most variation; Oligochaetes like earthworms, which are simpler in structure; and Hirudinea or leeches, which are uniform in appearance and lack appendages.
3. Annelids display a range of reproductive strategies, most commonly hermaphroditism. They play important ecological roles in nutrient cycling and as food sources.
Flatworms
This document discusses acoelomate bilateral animals, focusing on the phylum Platyhelminthes. It describes the three main phyla of acoelomate bilateral animals - Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, and Gnathostomulida. Platyhelminthes, which includes flatworms, flukes and tapeworms, is by far the most diverse and economically important. The document then goes into further detail about characteristics and classification of flatworms.
acoelomate bilateral animals
This document discusses several phyla of acoelomate bilateral animals including flatworms, mesozoans, and ribbon worms. Key points include: flatworms are acoelomates with an incomplete digestive system and protonephridia; mesozoans are microscopic parasites considered a link between protozoa and metazoa; ribbon worms use a proboscis to capture prey and have a complete digestive system and closed blood vessels. These phyla are generally considered part of the superphylum Lophotrochozoa.
Phylum nematoda 1
Nematodes, or roundworms, are one of the most abundant phyla of animals. They have a cylindrical shape with a flexible cuticle and lack organs like cilia. Nematodes can be free-living in soil and water or parasitic in plants and animals. They are classified based on features of their sensory organs, excretory systems, and male tail structures. Common examples are the human parasites Ascaris and Trichinella.
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This document provides information about the phylum Platyhelminthes. It discusses their defining characteristics such as being triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical, and lacking organs like a circulatory system. It describes the four classes - Turbellaria, Trematoda, Cestoda, and Monogenea. Key details are provided on representative genera for each class. Examples include the planarian Dugesia for Turbellaria, the flukes Clonorchis and Fasciola for Trematoda, and the tapeworms Taenia and Echinococcus for Cestoda. The document also examines anatomical structures, life cycles, and other biological systems and features of flatworms.
Classes of Aschelminthes Powerpoint Presentation
This presentation describes two classes of aschelminthes that are phylum nematoda and phylum kinorhyncha
This presentation gives us basic information of these two phylas.
Chapter 12-Intro to animals
- Animals are multi-cellular organisms that have specialized structures like nuclei and organelles. They are consumers that rely on their environment for food.
- Over time, animals have adapted to eating different types of food available in their environment through adaptations like camouflage, armor, and venom. Herbivores eat plants, carnivores eat other animals, and omnivores eat both.
- When classifying animals, characteristics like having a backbone (vertebrates vs invertebrates), symmetry, and protective structures are considered. Invertebrates make up 97% of all animal species.
Introduction to nematodes
Nematodes are elongated, cylindrical worms that are bilaterally symmetrical. They vary in size from millimeters to over a meter in length. Most nematodes live freely in freshwater, seawater, or soil, though some are parasitic. Nematodes are classified based on their habitat and mode of infection, and whether they lay eggs or produce live larvae. They pass through six developmental stages from egg to adult. Parasitic nematodes cause tissue damage through mechanical disruption and toxicity, with the level of damage depending on factors like species, worm burden, habitat, and host immune response.
Proto chordata
The document describes characteristics of the chordate phylum including:
- Possessing a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and post-anal tail during embryonic development.
- The notochord provides skeletal support and develops into the vertebral column in vertebrates. The nerve cord develops into the central nervous system. Pharyngeal slits develop into gills or jaws.
- Major chordate groups are Urochordata, Cephalaochordata, and Vertebrata. Amphioxus/lancelets are described as possessing chordate characteristics throughout their life.
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Class Turbellaria
Class Monogenea
Class Trematoda
Class Cestoidea
Characteristics
Reproduction and Development
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Zoology 2 22-12
The document summarizes three types of worms: flatworms, tapeworms, and roundworms. Flatworms are bilateral and unsegmented with some having a primitive brain. Tapeworms are parasitic and can be very large, living in the intestines without digestive or nervous systems. Roundworms number in the thousands of species and can feed on decaying or living tissue. They are also bilateral and unsegmented.
platyhelminthes-170218045520.pdf
Flatworms are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic animals that lack a coelom. They are classified into four classes:
1) Turbellaria are free-living flatworms that can be predators or scavengers.
2) Trematoda and Monogenea are endoparasitic flukes that live in vertebrates.
3) Cestoda are tapeworms with segmented bodies and no digestive system; they are also endoparasites of vertebrates.
4) Platyhelminthes display a variety of reproductive modes including asexual fission and sexual reproduction.
Platyhelminthes
Brief description about phylum Platyhelminthes. Including descriptions about their classes, importance etc..
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The document summarizes characteristics of the phylum Hemichordata and its two classes, Enteropneusta and Pterobranchia. Acorn worms in the class Enteropneusta have a tripartite body plan of proboscis, collar, and trunk, with a mouth located between the proboscis and collar. They reproduce through external fertilization and have a free-swimming tornaria larva. The document also summarizes characteristics of the phylum Chordata, including its five defining features present in early development.
10 2 all animal diversity jewett edit 2010
This document provides information about different types of worms, including their classification, anatomy, life cycles, and roles. It discusses flatworms (Platyhelminthes), segmented worms (Annelida), and roundworms (Nematoda). Specific examples covered include the medicinal leech, red Californian worm, and tapeworm. While some worms are parasites, others play important ecological roles in breaking down organic waste and recycling nutrients in the environment.
Animal kingdom
This document provides an overview of animal classification. It discusses that animals are classified based on fundamental features like cell arrangement, body symmetry, presence of coelom, and patterns of organ systems. The key levels of organization from cellular to organ systems are described. Important characteristics used for classification, like symmetry, diploblastic/triploblastic nature, presence of coelom, segmentation, and notochord, are defined. Finally, the major animal phyla are introduced, with 1-2 defining features provided for each.
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