Natural ventilation utilizes natural forces like wind and the stack effect to ventilate buildings without mechanical systems. It can be achieved through openings like windows and vents. Various techniques exist like the stack effect, wind towers, and courtyards which use pressure differences and air movement. Proper building orientation, cross ventilation, and courtyard design are important for effective natural ventilation. Historic cities like Jaisalmer demonstrate vernacular approaches like dense building clusters that provide shade and air ducts for ventilation.

1. NATURAL VENTILATIONPresented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

2. NATURAL VENTILATION is the process of supplying and removing air through a
space by natural means it can be achieved with openable windows or vents.
NATURAL VENTILATION AND AIR MOVEMENT can be simply achieved by
‘structural controls’ as it does not depends on any form of external energy
supply or mechanical installation.
WHAT IS NATURAL VENTILATION ?
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

3. • THE PURPOSE OF PROVIDING NATURAL VENTILATION IS TO ACHIEVE
MAXIMUM HUMAN COMFORT IN INDOOR BY UTILIZING MAXIMUM
NATURAL ENERGY AND RESOURCES.
WHY NATURAL VENTILATION ?
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

4. SCOPE –
• TO MINIMIZE THE EXTERNAL ENERGY OR MECHANICAL SYSTEM.
• IMPLEMENTATION OF NATURAL VENTILATION SYSTEM- NATURAL DAYLIGHTING CAN BE
PROVIDED.
• THERMAL COMFORT CAN BE ACQUIRED WITH LESS ECONOMICAL
BUDGET
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

5. DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES TO ACHIEVE
NATURAL VENTILATION:-
• STACK EFFECT
• WIND TOWER
• COURTYARD EFFECT
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

6. STACK EFFECT :-
STACK EFFECT DEPENDS ON THERMAL FORCES AND DIFFERENCE IN
TEMPERATURE .
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

7. STACK EFFECT :-
REASON OF STACK EFFECT :-
• PRESSURE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE OUTSIDE AIR AND THE AIR INSIDE
THE BUILDING CAUSED BY DIFFERENCE IN TEMPERATURE
Outdoor air Outdoor air
Section
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

8. STACK VENTILATION SECTIONS :-
TALL ROOMS TALL ROOMS AT EDGE
STAIRS AS STACKTALL ROOMS WITHIN
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

9. WIND TOWER
• AIR ENTERS IN WIND TOWER THROUGH OPENINGS- COOLED DOWN- BECOMES
HEAVIER AND SINKS DOWN ( PRESENCE OF AIR MOVEMENT)
• AFTER WHOLE DAY AIR EXCHANGE – TOWER BECOMES WARM IN THE EVENING .
• TOWER WALLS ABSORBS HEAT DURING DAYTIME AND RELASES AT NIGHT WARMING
COOL NIGHT AIR AT NIGHT.
A TYPICAL WIND TOWER SECTION
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

10. •
EVAPORATIVE COOLING
DIFFERENT TYPES OF WIND TOWERS :-
WATER SUPPLY
MULTI DIRECTIONAL WIND CATCHER
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

11. COURTYARD EFFECT:-
DUE TO INCIDENT SOLAR RADIATION IN A COURTYARD, AIR GETS WARMER
AND RISES , COOL AIR FROM GROUND LEVEL FLOWS THROUGH THE LOWER
OPENINGS
RADIATION TO SKY
LANDSCAPE OR WATER BODYSECTION SHOWING COURTYARD EFFECT
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

12. COURTYARDS IN MODERN BUILDINGS :-
AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF INDIAN STUDIES (GURGAON):-
VIEW
SUNKEN COURTYARD INSIDE
THE BUILDING WITH WATER
BODY AND LANDSCAPE
PLAN
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

13. •NATURAL VENTILATION EXTERNAL FEATURES:-
• ORIENTATION OF BUILDINGS
• POSITION OF OPENINGS
• CROSS VENTILATION
• SIZE OF OPENINGS
• OPENING TYPES
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

14. MASSING AND ORIENTATION OF BUILDING:-
• AS A GENERAL RULE, THIN TALL BUILDINGS WILL ENCOURAGE NATURAL
VENTILATION AND UTILIZE PREVAILING WINDS, CROSS VENTILATION, AND
STACK EFFECT.
• TALL BUILDINGS ALSO INCREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NATURAL
VENTILATION, BECAUSE WIND SPEEDS ARE FASTER AT GREATER HEIGHTS
Tall buildings improve natural
ventilation, and in lower latitudes
reduce sun exposure.
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

15. OPENING SIZE:-
Pairing a large outlet with a small inlet
increases incoming wind speed.
SMALL
INLETLARGE
OUTLET
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

16. OPENING TYPE:-
OPENING CAN BE ANY TYPE ACCORDING TO THE
BUILDING TYPE AND CLIMATIC CONDITION
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

17. CROSS VENTILATION:-
WINDOWS OR VENTS PLACED ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE BUILDING GIVE NATURAL BREEZES A
PATHWAY THROUGH THE STRUCTURE.
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

18. VARIOUS TECHNQUES USED FOR NATURAL VENTILATION:-
DOUBLE APERTURES
USED FOR ENSURING
VENTILATION
WINDOW FOR VIEW AND
JALI VENTILATION
COLUMN COURTYARD COOLING
SYSTEM-DIWAN E-KHAS, RED FORT,
DELHI
•
MULTI-DIRECTIONAL
WINDCATCHER
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

19. Natural cooling system of
jaisalmer
• Dense clustering of buildings
• Sun control through
orientation and structural
projections
• Massive construction for roofs
and walls
• Courtyards and other air ducts
for ventilation.
Plan of
jaisalmer Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

20. Plan middle income houses in
jaisalmer
• This type of houses have two or three storey
structures and can be considered as the
typical houses of jaisalmer , these have
additional rooms and has a balcony
projecting on to the street.
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP

21. Streets of jaisalmer
• There are major streets oriented
almost E-W and minor streets
are right angle to these.
• This compact structure of the
housing doesn’t allow the sun
rays to penetrate , and also
serve as device of shading.
Presented by-Ar.Roopa Chikkalgi. BGS SAP