This document discusses disaster management in India. It provides details about Ankita Khobragade's class assignment on national policy for disaster management, including definitions of key terms, objectives, and the establishment of authorities at national, state, and district levels through the Disaster Management Act of 2005. It also describes the Ministry of Home Affairs' overall responsibility for disaster management in India and strategies used in response to Cyclone Fani in 2019.

1.  Name : Ankita Raju Khobragade
 Class : M. A.- 2 Year
Subject : Geography ( SEM - 3 )
 Roll Number : 04
 Session : 2019-2020
 College Name : Vasantrao Naik Government Institute Of Arts
And Social Sciences , Nagpur
23-Oct-19National Policy On Disaster Management- Ankita

2. National
Policy on
Disaster
Management
23-Oct-19National Policy On Disaster Management- Ankita

3.  What is Disaster Management
 Elements Disaster Management
 Approaches
 Objectives
 beginning in India
 the Disaster Management Act 2005
 National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF)
 Power and Functions of National Authority
 Which ministry has the overall responsibility for disaster management?
 Strategy of government for mitigation of Fani cyclone
 Challenges to Disaster Management in India 23-Oct-19
National Policy On Disaster Management-
Ankita

4.  A disaster refers to a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence from natural or man-made causes,
which is beyond the coping capacity of the affected community. DM involves a continuous and integrated
process of planning, organizing, coordinating and implementing measures which are necessary or expedient
for:
 Prevention of danger or threat of any disaster.
 Mitigation or reduction of risk of any disaster or its severity or consequences.
 Capacity building including research and knowledge management.
 Preparedness to deal with any disaster.
 Prompt response to any threatening disaster situation or disaster.
 Assessing the severity or magnitude of effects of any disaster.
 Evacuation, rescue and relief.
 Rehabilitation and reconstruction. 23-Oct-19
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6.  A holistic and integrated approach will be evolved toward disaster management with
emphasis on building strategic partnerships at various levels. The themes
underpinning the policy are:
 Community based Disaster Management, including last mile integration of the policy,
plans and execution.
 Capacity development in all spheres.
 Consolidation of past initiatives and best practices.
 Cooperation with agencies at national and international levels.
 Multi- sectorial synergy.
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7.  education.
 Encouraging mitigation measures based on technology, traditional wisdom and environmental sustainability.
 Mainstreaming disaster management into the developmental planning process.
 Establishing institutional and techno-legal frame works to create an enabling regulatory environment and a compliance
regime.
 Ensuring efficient mechanism for identification, assessment and monitoring of disaster risks.
 Developing contemporary forecasting and early warning systems backed by responsive and failsafe communication with
information technology support.
 Promoting a productive partnership with the media to create awareness and contributing towards capacity development.
 Ensuring efficient response and relief with a caring approach towards the needs of the vulnerable sections of the society.
 Undertaking reconstruction as an opportunity to build disaster resilient structures and habitat for ensuring safer living.
 Promoting productive and proactive partnership with media in disaster management. 23-Oct-19
National Policy On Disaster Management- Ankita

8. – The United Nations General Assembly designated 1999-2000 as the International Decade for Natural Disaster
Reduction (IDNDR). the focus of decade was that all member countries should have their disaster management
plan at national, state and district level.
– The Government of India (GOI), in recognition of the importance of Disaster Management as a national priority,
has set up –
– 1) a High-Powered Committee (HPC) in August 1999 under the chairmanship of J. C. Pant after the Gujarat
earthquake, for making recommendations on the preparation of Disaster Management plans and suggestion
effective mitigation mechanisms.
– The Tenth Five-Year Plan Document also had, for the first time, a detailed chapter on Disaster Management.
– Similarly, the Twelfth Finance Commission (2002) was also mandated to review the financial arrangements for
Disaster Management.
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9.  On 23 December 2005, the Government of India enacted the Disaster Management Act,
 The Act provides for the setting up of -
 National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) under the chairmanship of prime minister
 State Disaster Management Authority (SDMAs) under the chairmanship of Chief Minister
 District Disaster Management Authority (DDMAs) under the chairmanship of collector/ District Magistrate /
Deputy Commissioners.
 The Act further provides for the constitution of different Executive Committee at national and state levels.
under its aegis, the National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) for capacity building and National Disaster
Response Force (NDRF) for response purpose have been set up.
 It also mandates the concerned ministries and departments to draw up there own plans in accordance
with national plan 23-Oct-19National Policy On Disaster Management- Ankita

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11. The Act further contains provision for financial mechanisms such as creation of funds for
responses-
National Disaster Response Fund is defined in Section 46 of the Disaster Management Act,
2005 (DM Act) as a fund managed by the Central Government for meeting the expenses
for emergency response, relief and rehabilitation due to any threatening disaster situation
or disaster. NDRF is constituted to supplement the funds of the State Disaster Response
Funds (SDRF) of the states to facilitate immediate relief in case of calamities of a severe
nature.
The Act also provides specific roles to local bodies in Disaster Management . Further
enactment of 73rd and 74th amendments to the constitution and emergence of local self-
government, both rural and urban as important tiers of governance, the role of local
authorities becomes very important.
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12.  Lay down policies on disaster management;
 Approve the National Plan
 Approve plans prepared by the Ministries or Departments of the Government of India in accordance with the National Plan;
 Lay down guidelines to be followed by the State Authorities in drawing up the State Plan;
 Lay down guidelines to be followed by the different Ministries or Departments of the Government of India for the purpose of
integrating the measures for prevention of disaster or the mitigation of its effects in their development plans and projects;
 Coordinate the enforcement and implementation of the policy and plan for disaster management;
 Recommend provision of funds for the purpose of mitigation;
 Provide such support to other countries affected by major disasters as may be determined by the Central Government;
 Take such other measures for the prevention of disaster, or the mitigation, or preparedness and capacity building for dealing
with the threatening disaster situation or disaster as it may consider necessary;
 Lay down broad policies and guidelines for the functioning of the National Institute of Disaster Management. 23-Oct-19
National Policy On Disaster Management- Ankita

13. – The MHA in the Central Government has the overall responsibility for disaster management in the country. For a
few specific types of disasters the concerned Ministries have the nodal responsibilities for management of the
disasters, as under:
– Disaster Type Responsible Federal Agencies Type of Disaster Responsible Federal Agency
 Drought - Ministry of Agriculture Epidemics & Biological Disasters Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
 Chemical Disasters - Ministry of Environment & Forests
 Nuclear Disasters - Ministry of Atomic Energy
 Air Accidents- Ministry of Civil Aviation
 Railway Accidents- Ministry of Railways
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14.  Cyclone Fani, city of Puri in Odisha
 wind speed 200 kmph
 originated quite close to the Equator, around latitude 2°,
well below the Sri Lankan landmass.
 It has traversed a long way on the sea, thus gaining
strength.
 64 people lost their lives due to the devastating cyclone
Fani.
 record 1.2m people were evacuated in less than 48
hours. 23-Oct-19National Policy On Disaster Management- Ankita

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16. four key takeaways from Odisha
– 1. Build a relief infrastructure: There is a clear command and control structure for disaster relief and there are
clear protocols in place for carrying out relief operations.
– 2. Accuracy of early warning systems : Early warning system enables the state to be disaster ready and minimize
loss of lives. It’s then crucial that people follow the protocols in place when the warnings come in.
– 3. Clear communication plan: Roughly 2.6 million text messages were sent to locals in clear language before
cyclone Fani hit, keeping those potentially affected alert. Regular press briefings were made by officials to update
people of the approaching cyclone. People were repeatedly advised over all forms of media not to panic and
given clear “do and don’ts.”
– Effective coordination of groups: The government’s disaster response forces were pre-positioned in vulnerable
locations, food packets for air-dropping were made ready for air force helicopters to drop to people. Senior state
officials and police officers were sent to the affected districts to co-ordinate efforts of various agencies.
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17.  Unsafe building practices in rapidly growing urban settlements constitute one of India’s greatest
challenges for disaster management.
 Climate change has far-reaching implications for managing disaster risk in India
 Disaster management policies do not incorporate programs to protect the most vulnerable
segments of society.
 Lack of coordination among institutional structure. Lack of Role Clarity and Integration of Role
Players.
 People are ignorant of the linkages between development and disasters, nature conservation and
role of community in prevention, reduction and relief in case of disasters.
 There is a deficiency of funds to plan and implement disaster Prevention and Reduction Programs.
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18.  All development sectors must imbibe the principles of disaster risk management.
 Work towards risk coverage for all - starting from poor households to SMEs to multi-national corporations to nation states.
 Encourage greater involvement and leadership of women in disaster risk management
 Invest in risk mapping globally
 Leverage technology to enhance the efficiency of disaster risk management efforts.
 Develop a network of universities to work on disaster issues.
 Utilize the opportunities provided by mobile and social media technologies. mobile technologies and recognize the potential
of social media and develop applications for all aspects of disaster risk management.
 Build on local capacity and initiative.
 Ensure that the opportunity to learn from a disaster must not be wasted.
 Bring about greater cohesion in international response to disasters. 23-Oct-19
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