this is about the application of nanotechnology in agriculture. that how we can secure the growth of plants and crops and make our crops better. in this ppt the use of nano-particles has discussed to avoid different pests and diseases by ruining the crops.
Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture with special reference to Pest M...Ramesh Kulkarni
Nanotechnology, a promising field of research opens up in the present decade a wide array of
opportunities in the present decade and is expected to give major impulses to technical innovations in
a variety of industrial sectors in the future.
Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture with special reference to Pest M...Ramesh Kulkarni
Nanotechnology, a promising field of research opens up in the present decade a wide array of
opportunities in the present decade and is expected to give major impulses to technical innovations in
a variety of industrial sectors in the future.
The nanotechnology aided applications have the potential to change agricultural production by allowing better management and conservation of inputs of plant and animal production. Several nanotechnology applications for agricultural production for developing countries within next 10 years has been predicted (Salamanca–Buentella et al., 2005).
Nanoparticles helps in Controlling the Plant Diseases, application of agricultural fertilizers, pesticides, antibiotics, and nutrients is typically by spray or drench application to soil or plants, or through feed or injection systems to animals. In this context, nanotechnologies offer a great opportunity to develop new products against pests (Caraglia et al., 2011). Nanoscale devices are envisioned that would have the capability to detect and treat an infection, nutrient deficiency, or other health problem, long before symptoms were evident at the macro-scale. The overall goal of this Nanoparticles is to reduce the number of unnecessary problems in agriculture (Thomas et al., 2011). In the management aspects, efforts are made to increase the efficiency of applied fertilizer with the help of nano clays and zeolites and restoration of soil fertility by releasing fixed nutrients (Dongling Qiao, et al., 2016). Nanoherbicides are being developed to address the problems in perennial weed management and exhausting weed seed bank. Bioanalytical Nanosensors are utilized to detect and quantify minute amounts of contaminants like viruses bacteria, toxins bio-hazardous substances etc. in agriculture and food systems (Tothill EI, 2011).
In this way, nanotechnology can be used as an innovative tool for delivering agrochemicals safely. More research should be done on the potential adverse effects of nanomaterials on human health, crops and the environmental safety. It is a challenge to Government and private sector as they have to ensure the acceptance of Nano foods. For it to flourish, continuous funding and understanding on the part of policy makers and science administrators, along with reasonable expectations, would be crucial for this promising field.
Here, it is a brief presentation regarding nanofertilizer, in relation to its role in enhancing the use efficiency of concerned nutrient, along with some experimrntal findings. Thank you for ur kind consideration.
Application nanotechnology in agricultural improvementSAGARDEEP SINHA
What is nanotechnology, how nanoparticles are formed, what are the areas of nanotechnology in agriculture, and how it is different than conventional agriculture, examples, and what are the cons?
Indian agriculture feels the pain of fatigue of green revolution.
In the past 50 years, the fertilizer consumption exponentially increased from 0.5 (1960’s) to 24 million tonnes (2013) that commensurate with four-fold increase in food grain output (254 million tonnes) In order to achieve a target of 300 million tonnes of food grains and to feed the burgeoning population of 1.4 billion in 2025, the country will require 45 million tonnes of nutrients as against a current consumption level of 23 million tonnes. The sustainable agriculture and precision farming both are the urgent issues and hence the suitable agro-technological interventions are essential (e.g., nano and biotechnology) for ensuring the safety and sustainability of relevant production system.
This is a seminar paper presentation by Md. Parvez Kabir, an MS Student, Department of Soil Science of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU) as for the requirement of completing an MS degree.
role of nanotechnology for crop protection in horticultural cropsgirija kumari
includes contents related to introduction about nanotechnology, nano particles, applications in agriculture and horticulture, crop protection applications and case studies
Use of nanofertilizers on fruit trees contributes effectively to improve the fruit quality and increasing the productivity of trees. It reduces environmental pollution by reducing the amount of fertilizers used, which is positively reflected in the increased economic return of the farmers. When nanofertilizers sprayed at very low concentration on fruit trees, these compounds have had a direct effect by increasing the growth, yield and quality of these fruit crops.
Nano Technology for UG students of AgricultureP.K. Mani
Brief introduction of Nano Science and Nanotechnology at UG level for the students of Agriculture. Smart delivery of Fertilizers pesticides, smart seed, nano biosensors etc dealt.
The nanotechnology aided applications have the potential to change agricultural production by allowing better management and conservation of inputs of plant and animal production. Several nanotechnology applications for agricultural production for developing countries within next 10 years has been predicted (Salamanca–Buentella et al., 2005).
Nanoparticles helps in Controlling the Plant Diseases, application of agricultural fertilizers, pesticides, antibiotics, and nutrients is typically by spray or drench application to soil or plants, or through feed or injection systems to animals. In this context, nanotechnologies offer a great opportunity to develop new products against pests (Caraglia et al., 2011). Nanoscale devices are envisioned that would have the capability to detect and treat an infection, nutrient deficiency, or other health problem, long before symptoms were evident at the macro-scale. The overall goal of this Nanoparticles is to reduce the number of unnecessary problems in agriculture (Thomas et al., 2011). In the management aspects, efforts are made to increase the efficiency of applied fertilizer with the help of nano clays and zeolites and restoration of soil fertility by releasing fixed nutrients (Dongling Qiao, et al., 2016). Nanoherbicides are being developed to address the problems in perennial weed management and exhausting weed seed bank. Bioanalytical Nanosensors are utilized to detect and quantify minute amounts of contaminants like viruses bacteria, toxins bio-hazardous substances etc. in agriculture and food systems (Tothill EI, 2011).
In this way, nanotechnology can be used as an innovative tool for delivering agrochemicals safely. More research should be done on the potential adverse effects of nanomaterials on human health, crops and the environmental safety. It is a challenge to Government and private sector as they have to ensure the acceptance of Nano foods. For it to flourish, continuous funding and understanding on the part of policy makers and science administrators, along with reasonable expectations, would be crucial for this promising field.
Here, it is a brief presentation regarding nanofertilizer, in relation to its role in enhancing the use efficiency of concerned nutrient, along with some experimrntal findings. Thank you for ur kind consideration.
Application nanotechnology in agricultural improvementSAGARDEEP SINHA
What is nanotechnology, how nanoparticles are formed, what are the areas of nanotechnology in agriculture, and how it is different than conventional agriculture, examples, and what are the cons?
Indian agriculture feels the pain of fatigue of green revolution.
In the past 50 years, the fertilizer consumption exponentially increased from 0.5 (1960’s) to 24 million tonnes (2013) that commensurate with four-fold increase in food grain output (254 million tonnes) In order to achieve a target of 300 million tonnes of food grains and to feed the burgeoning population of 1.4 billion in 2025, the country will require 45 million tonnes of nutrients as against a current consumption level of 23 million tonnes. The sustainable agriculture and precision farming both are the urgent issues and hence the suitable agro-technological interventions are essential (e.g., nano and biotechnology) for ensuring the safety and sustainability of relevant production system.
This is a seminar paper presentation by Md. Parvez Kabir, an MS Student, Department of Soil Science of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU) as for the requirement of completing an MS degree.
role of nanotechnology for crop protection in horticultural cropsgirija kumari
includes contents related to introduction about nanotechnology, nano particles, applications in agriculture and horticulture, crop protection applications and case studies
Use of nanofertilizers on fruit trees contributes effectively to improve the fruit quality and increasing the productivity of trees. It reduces environmental pollution by reducing the amount of fertilizers used, which is positively reflected in the increased economic return of the farmers. When nanofertilizers sprayed at very low concentration on fruit trees, these compounds have had a direct effect by increasing the growth, yield and quality of these fruit crops.
Nano Technology for UG students of AgricultureP.K. Mani
Brief introduction of Nano Science and Nanotechnology at UG level for the students of Agriculture. Smart delivery of Fertilizers pesticides, smart seed, nano biosensors etc dealt.
The Next Very BIG (small) Thing
Contents:
Introduction to Nanotechnology
Applications In Today's Life
Advantages & Disadvantages
Future Of Nanotechnoogy
Nanotechnology: Basic introduction to the nanotechnology.Sathya Sujani
This simple presentation will help you to understand the every aspects of nanotechnology including basic definition and it's practical application in a very simple yet precise manner.
Antifungal activity of Silver/ Silicon dioxide Nanocomposites21PCH001JEFINF
Botrytis cinerea , a fungus which affects the faba bean plant can be actively controlled by silver/silicon dioxide Nanocomposites. This is described in detail in this presentation .
Nanotechnology and its use in agriculture.pptxshivalika6
Agriculture is the backbone of most developing countries, with more than 60% of the population reliant on it for their livelihood. Agricultural scientists are facing a wide spectrum of challenges such as: stagnation in crop yields, low nutrient use efficiency, declining soil organic matter, multi-nutrient deficiencies, climate change, shrinking arable land and water availability, shortage of labour besides exodus of people from farming.
Traditional farming techniques have attained saturation and are neither able to increase productivity nor able to restore ecosystems damaged by existing technologies. The global requirement of food is increasing gradually.
In spite of immense constraints faced, we need to attain a sustainable growth in agriculture to meet the food security challenges. To address these problems, there is a need to explore one of the frontier technologies such as ‘Nanotechnology’ to precisely detect and deliver the correct quantity of nutrients and pesticides that promote productivity while ensuring environmental safety and higher use efficiency.
Potential of silicon fertilization in the resistance of chestnut plants toink...IJEAB
The European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) is a specie with great economic importance in Europe that have been present for thousands of years. In Portugal, the chestnut helps to maintain a positive trade balance, by contributing to the gross national product (GDP). One of the biggest threats for the chestnut is the ink disease caused by Phytophthoracinnamomi, this disease is problematic to chestnut crop with a damaging impact. Silicon (Si) is classified as a beneficial nutrient, having the ability to make plants more resistant to attacks by pathogens. Studies on the effect of silicon on chestnut are practically non-existent, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of silicon in the resistance of chestnut plants to P. cinnamomi. The plants were treated by 0 mM, 5 mM, 7.5mM and 10 mM SiK® with the analyzed mad at 0, 15 and 30 days after inoculation by P. cinnamomi. These findings showed that the Si-treated plants had higher survival rate resulted from the presence of phytoliths in root tissues, that acted as a mechanical barrier reducing the development of pathogenic structures and they arealso associated with the improvement on antioxidant activity through the increase of CAT and SOD, higher values of total phenols compounds and less oxidative damage. The presence of Si in PDA medium reduced the growth of P. cinnamomi all over the time, presenting high PI. This work shows that the Si fertilization in chestnut plants contributes to increase the resistance against P. cinnamomi infection.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
2. Agriculture is the backbone of most developing countries, with
more than 60% of the population reliant on it for their livelihood.
Source of Livelihood
Contribution to National revenue
Supply of Food as well as Fodder
Significance to the International Trade
Marketable Surplus
Foreign Exchange Resources
Great Employment Opportunities
Economic Development
3. Challenges
healthy, safe food;
increasing risk of disease;
threats to agricultural production
from changing weather patterns.
bio economy
5. thermal conductors,
these nanotubes also host unique electrical properties
surprisingly strong.
these CNTs could not only penetrate into the hard coat
of germinating seeds but also exerted growth
enhancing effect.
using CNT as vehicle to deliver desired molecules into
the seeds during germination that can protect them
from the diseases.
it will not have any toxic or inhibiting or adverse
effect on the plant.
6. Nanosilver is the most studied and utilized nano particle for bio-system. It has
long been known to have
strong inhibitory and bactericidal effects
a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities.
high surface area and high fraction of surface atoms,
have high antimicrobial effect
more adhesive on bacteria and fungus, hence are better fungicide
studied the antifungal effectiveness of colloidal nano silver (1.5 nm average
diameter) solution, against rose powdery mildew caused by Sphaerotheca
pannosa Var rosae. It is a very wide spread and common disease of both green
house and outdoor grown roses.
Double capsulized nanosilver for this disease
sprayed at large area of 3306 m2 polluted by rose powdery mildew.
Two days after the spray more than 95% of rose powdery mildew faded out
It eliminates unwanted microorganisms in planter soils and hydroponics
systems. It is being used as foliar spray to stop fungi, moulds, rot and several
other plant diseases. Moreover, silver is an excellent plant-growth stimulator.
7. Silicon (Si) is known to be absorbed into plants to
increase disease resistance and stress resistance
Aqueous silicate solution (, it promotes the
physiological activity and growth of plants and induces
disease and stress resistance in plants )
Porous hollow silica nanoparticles (PHSNs) loaded
with validamycin
8. A new composition of nano-sized SilicaSilver for
control of various plant diseases
consisted of nano-silver combined with silica
molecules and water soluble polymer,
prepared by exposing a solution including silver
salt, silicate and water soluble polymer to
radioactive rays.
It showed antifungal activity and controlled
powdery mildews of pumpkin at 0.3 ppm in both
field and greenhouse tests.
9. Pythium ultimum, Magnaporthe grisea, Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinere and, Rhyzoctonia
solani, showed 100% growth inhibition at 10 ppm of the
nanosized silica-silver.
Bacillus subtilis, Azotobacter chrococum, Rhizobium
tropici, Pseudomonas syringae and Xanthomonas
compestris PV. Vesicatoria showed 100% growth inhibition
at 100 ppm.
Disadvantage
They have also reported chemical injuries caused by a
higher concentration of nanosized silica-silver on
cucumber and pansy plant, when they were sprayed with a
high concentration of 3200
10. Alumino-Silicate nanotubes sprayed on plant surfaces are easily picked
up in insect hairs. Insects actively groom and consume pesticide-filled
nanotubes.
biologically more active and relatively more environmentally-safe
pesticides.
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles can deliver DNA and chemicals into
Plants thus, creating a powerful new tool for targeted delivery into
plant cells.
developed porous, silica nanoparticles systems
spherical in shape
arrays of independent porous channels. The channels form a
honeycomb-like structure
unique "capping" strategy
Plant cells have rigid cell wall. Hence to penetrate it they had to modify
the surface of the particle with a chemical coating.
It has been successfully used to introduce DNA and chemicals in to
Arabidopsis, tobacco and corn plants.
11. different kind of nanoparticles
silver nanoparticles (SNP), aluminium oxide (ANP), zinc oxide and titanium
dioxide in the control of rice weevil and grasserie disease in silkworm (Bombyx
mori) caused by Sitophilus oryzae and baculovirus BmNPV (B. mori nuclear
polyhedrosis virus), respectively.
performed bioassay, in which prepared solid and liquid formulations of the
above-mentioned nanoparticles; later, applied these formulations on rice and
kept in a plastic box with 20 adults of S. oryzae and observed the effects for 7 days.
It was reported that hydrophilic SNP was most effective on the first day. On day
2, more than 90 % mortality was obtained with SNP and ANP. After 7 days of
exposure, 95 and 86 % mortality were reported with hydrophilic and hydrophobic
SNP and nearly 70 % of the insects were killed when the rice was treated with
lipophilic SNP. However, 100 % mortality was observed in case of ANP.
Similarly, in another bioassay carried for grasserie disease in silkworm (B.
mori), a significant decrease in viral load was reported when leaves of B.
mori were treated with ethanolic suspension of hydrophobic alumino-silicate
nanoparticles.
. Copper nanoparticles in soda lime glass powder showed efficient antimicrobial
activity against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and fungi
12. Precision farming
Precision farming has been a long-desired goal to
maximize output (i.e. crop yields) while minimizing
input (i.e. fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, etc.)
through monitoring environmental variables and
applying targeted action.
help to reduce agricultural waste and thus keep
environmental pollution minimum
enhanced productivity in agriculture
Very less chance of pathogens attack
13. From harvesting the cotton to finalizing the fabric it’s
made into, over 25% of the cotton fiber is lost to scrap
or waste
used this technique of electro spinning to spin
nanofibers from cellulose ((C6H10O5)n ), a complex
carbohydrate composed of glucose units that makes up
90% of the cotton material
14.
15. nano sensors :
For the herbicides detection by checking the oxygen level in
soil.
Nano scales herbicides :
Using nanoparticles to attack the seed coating of the weeds
there germination could be stop.
Sustainable watering of crops:
In farm areas more than 50% water loss occur.
High evaporation rate decreases the soil fertility
Mineral zeolites used to prevent water loss.
16.
17. The alfalfa plants were grown in an artificial, gold-rich
"soil" at the University of Texas-El Paso. Plants
typically use their roots to extract nutrients and even
heavy metals from the soil.
electron microscopy
X-ray absorption spectroscopy
they may be able to extract the gold nanoparticles
from the plants by centrifuge.